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Development of concept of ecological footprint
Vrbová, Anna ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (referee)
The ecological footprint is an indicator that measures the size of the bioproductive land needed to provide resources and disposal of waste from existing technologies.It's an important sign of the sustainability of the population on Earth.As we are currently facing an impending lack of many natural resources,this is an important issue.The biomass we use is created by plants,which play a critical role not only in functioning of the ecosystems,but in the concept of the ecological footprint.Individual types of vegetation differ in their relative contribution the overall ecosystems production and consequently to the calculation of the ecological footprint of various lands.For this reason this work is concerned not only with the concept of the ecological footprint, but also with the services that plants provide.The objective of this work is to compile the current information on the evolution of the concept of the ecological footprint,what preceded its creation,and to focus on the important role of plants in the functioning of ecosystems,allowing for the calculation of the ecological footprint.The evolution of the concept of the ecological footprint is covered in Chapter 1.Chapter 2 deals with ecosystem services,their rating,and the critical role that plants play in them.The calculation of the ecological...
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How and why we can estimate atmospheric CO2 concentration from stomatal density?
Horská, Jana ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kutík, Jaromír (referee)
The atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration have always been fluctuating. In the past [CO2] did not ever increase as quickly as in the last 200 years and apparently human activities such as fosil fuel burnig conribute significantly to this increase. Changes in stomatal frequency as a reaction on changes in [CO2] were observed on several species of living plants. It leads to investigation of stomatal fequency of herbarium samples and fossil plants. These estimates of stomatal frequency were consequently used to estimate levels of atmospheric [CO2] in the past. This study describes behavior of stomata in variable [CO2] and summarizes influence of environmental factors on stomatal patterning. The differences in responses between groups of plants of different evolutionary origin are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of selected stomatal parameters are discussed considering their suitability as tools for [CO2] estimate in the past.
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Organic farming and modern plant biology
Fantová, Adéla ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce the concept of organic farming from the point of view of contemporary science in the field of plant biology to secondary school students and their teachers. The first part deals with organic farming, its origins and ideological subtext, further on its advantages and disadvantages are summarized. The second part focuses on biotechnological agriculture which uses breeding methods of genetic engineering. The third part presents possibilities of coexistence and confrontation and comparison of these two approaches used in present and future agriculture. The last part deals with inclusion of this topic into present secondary school education and its significance. It includes analysis of textbooks and curricular documents.
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Water in an Urbanized Environment Svratka Raceway
Pavlovský, Tomáš ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Sátora, Josef (referee) ; Lhotáková, Zdenka (advisor)
The dissertation describes the historic development of watercourses in Brno territory focusing on the artificial canal Svratka raceway and the present state is described based on the available map data, preserved picture materials and photographic documentation of the present state. The work offers memories of several people from Brno who remember the artificial watercourse, these complete the picture of the Svratka raceway at the time of its extinction. The dissertation documents the present state of areas where the raceway used to run and on which it bordered. What attitude the twin towns of Brno - Leipzig and Graz - take, is outlined in the chapter Examples of Raceway and Natural Stream Reconstruction in Here and Abroad. The presented work should serve as a comprehensive source material for further study of Svratka raceway and further possible studies of arrangement of the areas where the raceway used to run and its - at least - partial reconstruction.
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The Significance and Function of Artificial Water Courses in the Present-Day Urban Environment
Ležatka, Lukáš ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Ing.arch.Jaroslav Tušer,CSc. (referee) ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Lhotáková, Zdenka (advisor)
The objective of this dissertation is resolving the issues of both form and function of water courses in a present-day city. The dissertation focuses primarily on water courses which may be described as man-made, i.e. those resembling a canal, and addresses their prospective revitalization within the context of urban renewal and development in the present-day post-industrial era. The introduction includes a comprehensive analysis of the historical and typological development of artificial water courses, essential for grasping the connections as well as the current overall state of water courses in an urbanized setting. Detailed attention is devoted in particular to the most frequently occurring artificial water course - i.e. the race. The dissertation strives to defend the irreplaceable role of the water course as a public space in the urban landscape and - consequently - also its prospective essential revitalization. Examples, especially from throughout Western Europe, are used to demonstrate particular solutions, approaches and strategies to predominantly artificial water course renewal within the urban environment. The dissertation also devotes attention to the tools used in reaching relevant solutions.
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Water in Public Space of Staré Brno
Šerek, Jiří ; Lhotáková, Zdenka (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (advisor)
The aim of the project is to restore water features in public spaces of the oldest city quarter Old Brno, and also to strengthen the genius loci of this characteristic district by mention of defunct Svratka raceway. The main theme of the work will be combination of water management, urbanism and architecture with a special attention on cultivation of public spaces by application of linear water features.
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Changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of european beech and Norway spruce under long-term exposure to elevated CO2
Holišová, Petra ; Šprtová, Miroslava ; Kubásek, Jiří ; Lhotáková, Z. ; Mašková, P. ; Lipavská, H. ; Kočová, M. ; Holá, D. ; Radochová, Barbora ; Albrechtová, J. ; Urban, Otmar
The changes of photosynthetic performance caused by increasing CO2 concentration are refl ected at diff erent hierarchical levels of photosynthetic apparatus from the effi ciency of individual photosynthetic processes to changes in leaf structure. Th e aim of this study was to elucidate the relationships between the ultrastructure and function of photosynthetic apparatus under elevated CO2 concentration. We studied two common tree species – the European beech and the Norway spruce – grown under ambient (AC) and elevated CO2 concentrations (EC). Photosynthetic parameters were obtained using the gas-exchange system LI-6400 (LI-COR, USA). Th e characteristics of chlorophyll a fl uorescence were obtained in vivo with FluorPen FP100max (PSI, CZE) and in vitro polarographically in a suspension of isolated chloroplasts. Non-structural soluble saccharides and starch accumulation was quantifi ed using HPLC. Th e chloroplast ultrastructure was quantifi ed by stereological methods (Ellipse 2.08, SK) on the images acquired on a JEOL JEM-1011 (JEOL, JPN). Th e light-saturated CO2 assimilation rate was stimulated by EC in both species. Th e assimilation capacity of EC plants slightly decreased and was accompanied by a slight decrease in the rate of electron transport and the rate of Rubisco carboxylation. Th e growth in EC induced higher energy dissipation by light-harvesting antennae, diminished PSII activity, resulted in greater PSI capacity and in higher accumulation of starch and soluble sugars in the leaves of both species.
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