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The Helsinki Conference and the Cold War
Hannibal, Marek ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
This Thesis is to examine the topic of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe which took place in 1973-1975. The proposals to convene the Security Conference date back to the fifties, when the Soviet Union called on the European countries to attend the Conference in order to resolve the security situation in Europe. During my research, I asked what motives were behind the invitation to convene the Conference and what caused the failure of these initiatives. I prove that the ultimate goal of the Soviet Union was not the conclusion of the collective agreement, but rather to weaken the West. In chronologic order I follow the development of the relations between the Warsaw Pact and the NATO in the sixties, which eventually led to the start of the Conference in 1973. I also describe interests of groups of countries during the Conference and analyze their role in the adoption of the Final Act.
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Czechoslovak-US Relations, 1977-1981
Hrušková, Ivana ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis "Czechoslovak-US Relations, 1977-1981" examines the nature and development of bilateral relations between these two states primarily during Carter's period. The thesis describes foreign policy of the United States towards communist countries of Eastern Europe in the late 70's and early 80's of the 20th century and compares this policy with foreign policy of Nixon's and Ford's administrations. The paper briefly describes prevailing situation in the USA in the late 70's, impact of Carter's administration activities on global development of USA-SSSR relations and influence of changes on international field on Czechoslovak-American relations. The main attention is drawn to the nature of Czechoslovak-U.S. relations, matters of mutual interest and to the friction areas among the states. Political and diplomatic relations as well as economic and cultural relations are observed. The thesis also analyzes Carter's initiative to enhance human rights throughout the world and to fulfil the Helsinki commitments, which had essential importance for further developement of U.S. relations with the Soviet bloc states. Key words: Czechoslovak-American relations, The United States, Czechoslovakia, The Soviet Union, Jimmy Carter, Zbigniew Brzezinski, human rights, détente, differentiation policy
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The Indochina War in the Time of Nixon and Ford Administration
Šulka, Petr ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
After the year of 1968, which was crucial in the history of the war in Indochina , a new phase of a conflict started to evolve. The United States, under President Lyndon B. Johnson, after the Tet offensive and massive domestic protests, finally retreated from the goal of military victory and changed its strategy to get out of the conflict as quickly as possible. Johnson had established negotiations with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Paris, which the South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu systematically negated. As it was later revealed, this was done in cooperation with the Republican candidate for President Richard M. Nixon, who wanted to do this in order to compromise policy of a Democratic president and take his place himself. Nixon, after his appointment to the presidency, assumed that renewed negotiations in Paris would be simple and would lead to the rapid end of the war. Soon it became clear that it was a mistake. North Vietnamese and communist insurgents in South Vietnam managed, due to conflicts caused by Thieu and by the delay between flares, to restore their strength and they were no longer willing to retreat. Negotiations bogged down in fruitless debates and disputes. Nixon and his closest collaborator Henry Kissinger were forced to seek other solutions. On the...
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The British- U.S. Relations, 1923-1929
Kyselka, Michal ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
This paper desbrices development of policy of Great Britain and the United States of America towards Germany during the presidency of Calvin Coolidge. It concentrates on analyzing said policy, its development and at last but not least, its consequences. It is focused,primarily, on the political aspect of said policy, in which Great Britain was, to some level, more active. But economical question is being dealt with as well. Also because of the fact that precisely during resolving the economical issues regarding the German question, the role of the United States was more active. In this work, there is chronologically described changing status of Germany. This proces took also place due to the policy( often mutual) of Great Britain and the United States. The author focused mostly on British or American view of said problemacy and tried to explain reasons that laid to policy, which was, in its time, critical.
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The Social Aspects of the Ideology of British Union of Fascists and German NSDAP in the Comparative Perspective
Cinkajzl, Ondřej ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
Thematically the master thesis focuses on comparison of fascist ideology in writings of members of British Union of Fascists and NSDAP. The goal is to analyze a revolutionary vision of society in works of various authors and to show the differences in understanding of its key concepts - the project of "new man", distinct state construction and various meanings of the nation. The analysis draws on theoretical approaches to study of fascism, namely on so called "new consensus", which has gained a widespread popularity in Anglophone studies over past two decades. The comparative models employed include predominantly those of Stanley Payne, Roger Griffin and Roger Eatwell. Keywords: Nazism, fascism, ideology, revolution, new consensus, Roger Griffin, Stanley Payne, Roger Eatwell, British Union of Fascists, NSDAP, Adolf Hitler, Gregor Strasser, Oswald Mosley, Alexander Raven Thomson
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The Contribution to the Problems of Public Activities of the Student Movement in the United States of America in the 1960s
Hochmuth, Daniel ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
The Contribution to the Problems of Public Activities of the Student Movement in the United States of America in the 1960s In many aspects, the 1960s were a turning point in the history of the post-war world. Great number of political, as well as social and cultural turbulences took place during the decade, changing the world in a significant way. Social movements (which student movement was a part of - and an important one, one should add) contributed to these changes in many ways. After the "silent fifties" which almost completely lacked any form of political or social involvement of ordinary citizens, the sixties brought wave after wave of social disturbances, commotions, and even riots. First the civil rights movement, then the anti-war and student movements, tried to transform the American society into a better one. Students gathered around the issue of the Vietnam War, turning it into a cornerstone of their political agenda and even though they participated in a number of other (often more constructive) activities, these got necessarily overshadowed by the war issue. In order to gain more members, the student movement was forced to adopt more militant and violent kind of actions, which eventually estranged its members to the majority society. When we take into consideration the distorted lens of the...
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Special relationship? British-U.S. relations, 1979-1990
Potůček, Ondřej ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis Special Relationship? British-U.S. Relations, 1979-1990 examines the nature of relations between the United Kingdom and the United States, focusing predominantly on the period of parallel governance of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan. The aim is to study both the extent to which the relationship was genuinely special and anticipations both countries connected with it. Providing an overview of the development of the special relationship after the WWII the paper addresses foreign, political, economic and ideological bonds between the countries and their political leaders. It considers not only the basic similarities of domestic and foreign policies, but also tensions and conflicts accompanying this alliance. The paper also describes the influence of the special relationship on the relations with European states and the Soviet Union. The uniqueness of the special relationship is identified in both the nuclear, defence and intelligence cooperation and in the British Prime Minister's and American President's ideological and political comprehension.
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F. D. Roosevelt's attitude towards opening the second front
Calta, Jan ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
The core of this work is aimed on the British - American alliance during the Second world war and the effort of allies carry out the massive cross - channel invasion. All this matters are reflected from the view of american president Roosevelt. In the first part is analyzed non - belligerent period of american neutrality before the attack at Pearl Harbor and the Roosevelt's effort prepare the american society for the entry to the war. The second part described the period from the american entry to the war until the first invasion in North Africa. The attention is aimed first of all on the diplomatic talks, where the Grand strategy was created. The influence of american public opinion on the Roosevelt's attitude is also reflected. The last part deals in the period from the invasion in North Africa until the final decision about opening the second front on the conference in Tehran in december 1943. In this period gradually prevailed the power of USA on the Grand strategy.
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Austro-German Relations, 1923- 1929
Strachotová, Silvie ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
This work deals with Austria-Germany relationship 1923-1929. Its main focus is on relationship between bouth countries and their relationship to Anschluss-issues. This work is separeted in four parts. First one gives a definition of Anschluss and Austria nation. Second one is summary of Austria-Germany relationship 1918-1922. Third part is dedicated to Austria-Germany relationship 1923-1929 and their effort to Anschluss- accomplishment. Fourth part deals with Austria political parties and their Anschluss-activity. Keywords Anschluss Austria-Germany relationship 1923-1929 Austria 1918-1929 CSP SDAP GDVP Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Saint-Germain Genfer Protocols
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The Cyprus question in the foreign policy of the United States of America 1960-1974
Koura, Jan ; Nálevka, Vladimír (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (advisor)
As a result of World War II the Eastern Mediterranean became one of the most strategic regions in a rising bipolar system. The United States of America realized the geostrategical importance of Greece and Turkey and therefore they provided them with Truman doctrine financial support as a means of preventing infiltration of the Soviet Union to the region. Greece and Turkey assumed their important role in the security system of the West and therefore the United States had an interest in political and economical stability of the area. Nevertheless, from the fifties deep rooted historical tensions between Greece and Turkey intensified. The main reason for this was the Mediterranean island Cyprus, which was a traditional point of contention between both countries. The Cyprus Republic was founded in 1960 as a way of solving problems on the ethnically divided island and leading to pacify Greek-Turkish relations. However, the independence of Cyprus did not calm the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean. Events on the island created significant crises in 1964 and 1974; Greece and Turkey were in both years on the brink of mutual military confrontation. The United States took responsibility for the maintenance of the southeastern flag of NATO and from the end of the fifties started to be interested in the 'Cyprus...
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