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Intertextual and mythical. The royal seats of Piasts and Premyslids between mid-10th and late 11th century AD
Oleś, Kamila ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Sommer, Petr (referee) ; Rączkowski, Włodzimierz (referee)
In Central Europe, an early medieval architectural complex, in which palatial remnants have been either unearthed or expected on the basis of historical writing, is often classified as a royal/princely seat. Thus, the architectural criteria are used to define the residential areas. Alas, in most studies the interpreted architectural remnants are simply juxtaposed without taking into account their terresial and landscape context. I demonstrate that in some cases landscape significance of royal seats was constructed without taking into account any spatial evidence. Secondly, I illustrate that by isolating a single building within the royal seat from its landscape and textual context, the spatial aspects of the structure were misinterpreted. However, our understanding of the local environment is essential to identify the role of architectural "quotation" in the semantic creation of space of the royal seats in the past. Thus, based on a textual approach to architecture and landscape, my thesis aims to deconstruct the meaning of early medieval royal seats, and to demythologize the interpretation of early medieval royal seats in Central Europe. In addition, I present that both textual (historic writing) and physical (environmental) aspects of the reality creates a historic spatiality that is polarized...
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New informations about Czech mediaeval monasteries
Sommer, Petr
Historical, archaeological research and studies in the history of arts, which are in motion in last decades in areas of Czech mendicants monasteries bring constantly new knowledges about single localities and ever purvey our informations about this monasteries and its relations to the mediaeval town and society.
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History of Central Europe as Joint Region in the Long 10th Century
Izdný, Jakub ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Matla, Marzena (referee) ; Sommer, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of Central Europe in the period of the long 10th Century, trying to describe in general the change of that region in the given epoque. The comparison and interpolation of the phenomena such as the Christianisation, the emergence of the political and economic power and the general transformation of the society aims to define a new view of the whole problem. The preferred vision is the economic and political development of the elites, separated from the existing socio-political formations and constructing its own apparatus of power, that will only slowly and eventually confront and merge the pre-stat formation in the form of an Early Medieval Christian state.
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The Beginning of the Sacral Architecture in West Bohemia. Chapters from Church Archeology.
Čechura, Martin ; Sommer, Petr (advisor) ; Hauserová, Milena (referee) ; Kovář, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of the thesis is a research of the oldest sacral architecture on the example of one region - West Bohemia. While historical research has suggested that the oldest churches were built at administrative castles and formed the basis of a great-parish system, archaeological sources show a different image. Already during the 11th century, we have documented a number of churches in the landscape. Their relationship to older burial grounds is being explored. Compared to the supposed discontinuity between older row burial sites and church cemeteries, it appears that in many cases there was a direct spatial connection. The churches were founded in places of older settlement, as well as in places of older cemeteries. Archaeological research has documented wooden buildings and stone architecture too. In several cases, spatial and functional links to residences have been explored. In many cases, a greater age of churches was proved. Some churches were preceded by an older sacral building. The position of some churches on important roads and borders indicates their symbolic role. The results of archaeological research formulated to questions who were the builders of these churches and what was their role in medieval society. Thus, the view of the early Christianization of the early medieval population...
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Modern technology and historical method
Sommer, Petr
Contemporary tendency to involve new technologies and methods into the historical research head towards extraordinary enlargement possibility to work on great collections of sources, but it is constantly important to formulize clear research questions and prospective aims.
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The development of parish network in the context of the history settlement
Gája, Robert ; Doležalová, Eva (advisor) ; Hledíková, Zdenka (referee) ; Sommer, Petr (referee)
Dissertation deals with the example of several areas of model development and reconstruction parochial parish boundaries in the Middle Ages. The research is based on medieval sources and retrospective projection of early modern sources. From the area archdeaconry Kouřimský selected two model areas on the territory of colonization was largely up during the Middle Ages colonization in the 13th century. This is an area of medieval deanery Havlíčkobrodský and territories Černokostelecko. For these areas were used except few medieval sources, particularly sources of the 17th and 18th centuries. As the last model was selected area Prague's Old Town, where you can watch unlike the previous two model areas dense network of church and its development since the early Middle Ages. The main reason for choosing Old Town is unusually rich source base, which may be used for the reconstruction of the parish network use to bridge basic source hiatus, with which science is usually encountered in the pre-season in attempts to reconstruct the parish boundaries in an area in the surface scale. An important contribution represents a completely new methodological approach to the reconstruction of parish boundaries combining parish registers and parish jurisdiction of individual individual houses. The result is...
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Coin finds in churces interior in Bohemia, their archaeological contexts and information value
Kout, Adam ; Sommer, Petr (advisor) ; Čechura, Martin (referee)
(in English) This diploma thesis deals with coin finds and their contexts in church interiors in Bohemia. It evaluates this issue and methodology and puts emphasis on usage of metal detectors in archeology. Coin finds are divided according to their relevant locations to two categories - mass findings or single findings. The knowledge is then evaluated in terms of church interiors and also in wider context. For easier orientation, in the total context, a history of every mentioned church is drawn in connection with coin finds. Integral part of diploma thesis is a well arranged catalogue of coin finds in churches interiors in Bohemia. At the end, coin finds are evaluated from several different points of view.
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Material culture of knights of the cross with the red heart
Moriová, Jana ; Sommer, Petr (referee) ; Klápště, Jan (advisor)
the Red Heart in Bohemia and summarises the results of investigation executed up to now. According to preserved written sources, this small order, also known in Bohemia under the name of Cyriacs, was established in the 13th century and belonged to the society of regular capitulars obeying St. Augustine's regulations. Convent in Rome, founded before 1256, was the oldest centre of the order; from the second half of the 13th century the capitulars were active in Bohemia and Poland and, at the end of the 14th century, the monastic houses were founded also in Lithuania. Most written sources unfortunately did not survive, therefore especially the beginning of the order history is quite obscure. Monasteries in Bohemia functioned up to the Hussite Wars - when all of them were destroyed and, with the exception of the Prague Convent, have never been renewed.
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