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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2021 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Bartuška, Martin ; Oppong, J.C. ; Lišková, K. ; Houška, J. ; Červenka, J. ; Kučera, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Reitschmiedová, E. ; Dvorščík, P. ; Mudrák, O. ; Šimáňová, D. ; Woś, B. ; Karimi Nezhad, Mohammad Tashin ; Mustafa, Adnan ; Pietrzykowski, M. ; Kopecký, T. ; Hovorková, M. ; Čápová, K.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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Topsoil application in reclamation practice advantages and pitfalls
Čížková, Barbora ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
This paper deals with spreading the topsoil to the dumps after brown coal mining as reclamation measure. Here I describe its advantages and disadvantages for soils and ecosystems restoring and the soil organic matter budget. Furthermore, I present here my pilot work dealing with long-term storage topsoil in stockpile and its impact on soil microbial parameters, especially microbial respiration and amount of biomass after stockpile disturbance. Soil used for the research came from different depths of excavated stockpile. The samples were measured for soil respiration by titration and amount of microbial biomass by fumigation-respiration method. The highest values were always measured in samples from greatest depths. It is due to greater making use of accumulated carbon, which becomes better accessible to microorganisms after erosion of stockpile. Keywords: brown coal, soil organic matter, reclamation, topsoil, post-minig sites
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The effect of artificial weathering on overburden properties
Zadinová, Radka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
Surface mining of coal cause massive changes of landscape. Dumps, heaps and tailings created vast areas in post mining landscape. Soil formation is influenced by the weathering process. Sample-the most common substrates have been subject of accelerated weathering. Samples were watered by distilled water, left to soak in, then froze, thaw and dried. This cycle was repeated twenty times. Before the experiment and after experiment pH, conductivity, organic matter loss on ignition, grain size and water absorption were measured. Before and after the experiment were tested for toxicity to plants using yellow mustard seeds (Sinapis alba). Accelerated weathering showed the possible development of weathering spoil substrates over time namely shift of pH towards neutral value, and increase in water holding capacity, despite of this no changes in plant toxicity in toxic substrates were found.
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Soil organic matter accumulation and humification during pedogenesis
Inogamova, Malika ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
Soil is comprised of minerals, SOM , water, and air. Soil development is caused by climate and living matter acting upon parent material (weathered mineral or organic matter from which the soil develops), as conditioned by topography, over time. SOM is a dynamic component of the soils system. Plant productivity is effected by the SOM. SOM provide nutrients and habitat to the organisms living in the soil, including plants, roots and SOM also binds soil particles into aggregates and improves the water holding capacity of soil. SOM is a product of biological decomposition that affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall fertility. Humus is only partly metabolized by soil organisms but improves the physical and chemical properties of soil. It consists of different humic substances: fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin. Soil is a solid material that results from the interaction of weathering and biological activity on the parent material or underlying hard rock. The fundamental pedogenic processes, used also as a criterion for classifying soils, is associated with SOM accumulation. We discuss the nature and interrelations of the SOM humification and accumulation processes during pedogenesis and the environmental factors on pedogenic processes influencing the rate of SOM...
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Soil organic matter dynamics at reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites
Bartuška, Martin ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Borůvka, Luboš (referee) ; Vopravil, Jan (referee)
Soil organic matter dynamics at reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites The subject of this thesis is to explore soil organic matter sequestration in post-mining soils and its relation to other ecosystem properties. The results of this study are summarized in four manuscripts, which have either been published or submitted for publication in international journals. On freshly mined-out overburden measurements of respiration revealed that the deep microflora community may substantially contribute to the microbial community in soil heaps, especially during early stages of succession and such influence early stages of pedogenesis. Microscopic observations also indicated massive breakdown of the sediment implying decomposition of fossil organic matter. For study of accumulation of soil organic matter, associated changes and interactions between chemical and biological soil properties over time, data from sets of plots of known different age(chronosequence) amended by data from repeated measurement after an extended period, allowed us to observe actual changes in soil chemistry, the carbon stock and soil properties. By this combination of these methods two separate studies were conducted at post-mining sites near the town of Sokolov in the Czech Republic (1999 and 2010). Soil pH decreased with site...
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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2020 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Bartuška, Martin ; Lišková, K. ; Angst, Gerrit ; Sun, Daquan ; Kučera, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Spurná, V. ; Jílková, Veronika ; Heděnec, P. ; Ćápová, K. ; Müllerová, V. ; Irshach, S.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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Plant soil feedback and plant sucession
Müllerová, Věra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
This thesis presents the plant-soil feedback mechanisms in the time horizon of the primary succession specified by own research performed on the substrate of Velká podkrušnohorská výsypka. The thesis focuses on the early succession species - Fabaceae and their typical competitors - Poaceae. It indirectly follows on from the thesis of Petra Zedníková - The growth of leguminous plants during primary succession in post-mining sites. The Fabaceae utilize the cooperation with nitrogen-fixating Rhizobia, which, along with arbuscular mycorrhiza that is distinctive for its yield of phosphorus along with other scarce substances, allows even little fertile environment to be colonized. From there on however the Poaceae are competitively more successful, therefore a different effect had been expected on Fabaceae compared to Poaceae. However, that has not proven to be the case and both Fabaceae and Poaceae fared worse in soil trained by Fabaceae growth compared to naïve soil. Since there haven't been any changes in the chemical properties of the soil, the changes had been caused by the biotic environment. The growth trends in time that differed between the first and the second generation can more likely be attributed to the chemical changes in the soil, as these do correlate with the soil age, especially...
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The effect of agricultural management on erosion and soil properties
Lišková, Kristýna ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
The study bring a literature overview of erosion process, its impact of the soil quality and methods leading to mitigation of consequences of erosion. The factors that influence the erosion process are elaborated here, as well as the influence of erosion on on soil carbon and other soil properties. Anti-erosion measures and soil protection technologies are introduced, which significantly help to mitigate the negative impact. The measurment itself focuses on the effect of soil protection measures on soil organic carbon and microbial biomass, including activity of enzymes. An experiment established by VÚMOP was used, which monitors the influence of conventional tillage and conservation tillage (conventional tillage with seedind in wide row, loosen wasteland, conventional tillage with seeding in two-rows, strip-till with seeding in rye, no-till seeding in rye) on soil erosion. The occurrence of microbial biomass, respiration (basal and substrat-induced) and enzymatic activity, respectively phosphatase, were observed. The results show a positive influence of all observed parameters by conservation tillage, consisting in reduced of tillage. The assumption was confirmed, the areas where was used no-till or strip-till, showed better values. Key words: erosion, conservation tillage, soil organic carbon, no-till
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