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Practical Ethical Questions in Mobile Specialized Paliative Care
Konečný, Jan ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with practical ethical issues in specialized mobile palliative care. First of all the terms necessary for understanding the context are explained. History of palliative care. Than introduction to the legal order and the principles of palliative care in the Czech Republic follows. Diploma thesis summarizes the phases of coping with the disease and the loss of a close person. This is both from adult's and a child's point of view. Next section deals with spiritual and pastoral care of dying, four principles of medical ethics and informed consent. Based on an interview with MUDr. Irena Závadová, supported by specialized literature, the ethical issues and theire possible solutions are mentioned too. This thesis deals with ethical issues as follows: education system in palliative care controversial interpretation of the law n. 372/2011 opiatophobia antibiotics in palliative and hospice care nutrition in palliative care palliative sedation transfusion in palliative/hospice care autonomy patient with dementia Keywords Home hospic, dying, death, specialized mobile palliative care, ethical dilemmas.
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The Meaning of the DekaCert System for Charity Work
Hojná, Kateřina ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The accompanying organisations established by the various churches, such as Charity of the Czech Republic, have their own specific system of values and specific managerial aims. They, however, employ people regardless of their religious practice or their being or not being a member of a church or religious societies. The aim of the thesis is to ascertain whether a system of ethical values, namely the DekaCert system, is a suitable tool to enhance the feeling of freedom and the level of loyalty of the non-practising Christian Charity employees. The thesis thus tries to answer the question whether training in the DekaCert system and its practical use helps these employees to identify themselves with the Charity and at the same time to achieve the second managerial aim of Charity, which is to fulfil the commitment to the church. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the specifics of leading a Charity; it explains the notions of freedom and loyalty. The second chapter focuses on the core of ethical values and the DekaCert system. The third chapter is experimental and it tries to ascertain the influence of DekaCert system on the feeling of freedom and the level of loyalty of non-practising Christian employees in Charities. The main research method was a qualitative...
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Rational View of Abortion
Víšková, Martina ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
The rational aspect of abort Abstract The Diploma thesis "The rational aspect of abort" try to clarification rational aspect of abort. However a religious viewpoint is not the main topic of this thesis, author doesn't leave it out and one separate chapter of this work is dedicated to it. Author endeavours to find an answer whether it is possible to consider an abort to be ethical and in what conditions. The thesis is trying to explain various aspects of abort in Czech Republic as well as abroad, it is also following a medical view-point and various executive methods of aborts. There is an aspiration to refer to the historical advancement of abort opinion and to resolve an origin of this problem. Disposition of this work is to disclose not only the moral aspects but also the feelings of the woman experiencing an abort including after-effects on her. The important chapter there is the postabortal syndrome which is not accepted as a medical diagnosis associated with psychological effects of abort. There is a short questionaire inserted in the thesis which refers to some women's opinions and experiences. Keywords abortion, sorts of abortion, abortion and mental health, unwanted children, the dispute over the status of the embryo
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History of ethics of dying with artworks examples accented on Christian perspectives.
Stuchlá, Vladimíra ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee)
The development of ethics with samples of period fine art pieces with the emphasis on Christian view. (Range 14.-16. century). The base of this thesis is a brief description of eschatology, developing in the frame of Christian ethics in the midstream of the pestilence's apocalypse of the late Middle Ages. The main part of the thesis is focused on changes in individual as well as social perception of death during the very demanding era of extreme wave of pestilence's epidemic in late Middle Ages even early modern history. The changes in approach and coping with the attribute of death are being observed. The aim of the thesis, on the basis of literary studies, is to gather and analyze the changes in interpretation of death during the mentioned period, evaluate their influence of people's behavior by verification or denial of given hypothesis. The accessible materials are supplemented by previews of period fine art pieces showing the attitude of people in given era towards the perception of their own death. Key words Ars moriendi, Bible, carpe diem, pestilence, eschatology, flagellant, macabre art, dying memento mori, death, death dances, vanitas.
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Guilt - the view of the theological ethics
Novák, Robert ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Mašek, Vojtěch (referee)
This work examines from various points of view the role and signifikance of guilt within the history of humankind and a man, shows the traps and obstacles during its processing as well as the destructive consequences of the unprocessed guilt in life of every culpable human being and his/her relations with other people and the God. The first part is focused on its possible understanding and division within the framework of a certain philosophical thinking, first of all in the horizontal level of human relations. After the rational reflection of the subject of guilt and its systematical division within the philosophical thoughts follows up the vertical view of the faith upon the guilt as a sin in contributions of catholic theologists and the tradition of Magisterium in the following chapter. The third section, using a method of biblical exegesis, shows its effect and chances to overcome it with a help of God within the life stories of selected biblical characters of The Old and The New Testament. The last part of the work pays attention to the paradox of a "felix culpa" and the chances, that are offered to the culprits in the specific environment of a prison. The obtained knowledge is being confronted with the personal life experience of the author, who is dealing with his own guilt and a fatal...
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Issue of Abortion
Váňa, Miroslav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at an induced abortion issue and it considers it a bioethical issue. The author refers to a difference between views of theological and biological sciences that deal with the given issue. Simultaneously it provides a reader with an essential outline of basic embryological and medical processes which enable understanding of the given issue. On the one hand, the thesis presents a reader legal essentials related to the given topic in a historical legal context, on the other hand it does not ignore a contemporary development. It regards the given issue from a point of view of various Christian churches, although it does not work in a field of theology. It refers to negative health consequences of a miscarriage and induced abortion and simultaneously it presents basic information about contraception and about contraceptive and abortive means. The thesis also presents a reader with opinions and moral norms of selected Christian churches that express their opinions on abortion, contraception and interception. The author reflects upon the given moral norms. One of the aims of the thesis is to find a suitable way of presenting the moral norms in the field of induced abortion and interception so that the reason and consciousness of the individual were respected. The diploma...
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Practical Ethical Questions in Mobile Specialized Paliative Care
Konečný, Jan ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with practical ethical issues in specialized mobile palliative care. First of all the terms necessary for understanding the context are explained. Than brief introduction to the legal order and the principles of palliative care in the Czech Republic follows. Diploma thesis summarizes the phases of coping with the disease and the loss of a close person. This is both from adult's and a child's point of view. Next section deals with spiritual and pastoral care of dying, four principles of medical ethics and informed consent. Based on an interview with MUDr. Irena Závadová, supported by specialized literature, the ethical issues and theire possible solutions are mentioned too. This thesis deals with ethical issues as follows: awareness of diagnosis education system in palliative care development of palliative care in hospital facilities opiatophobia antibiotics in palliative and hospice care proxy decision making in a patient with dementia alternative forms of nutrition palliative sedation transfusion in palliative/hospice care Keywords Home hospic, dying, death, specialized mobile palliative care, ethical dilemmas.
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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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Conception of sacrifice in the film trilogy Matrix
Kubeš, Jiří ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
This thesis elaborates the theological interpretation of the Matrix film trilogy. The focus of this paper is mainly on the theme of sacrifice which is presented in the trilogy. The theme is viewed from three theological levels, namely Christological, Trinitarian and eschatological. This thesis focuses on the film, its world, and how the concept of sacrifice develops in the movie trilogy. The structure of this paper is such that it starts with basic introduction of the Matrix movie, and introduction of the methodological foundations. Subsequently, the thesis follows with the main approach where the focus is on introducing the concept of sacrifice in theology. Given the introduction to the movie, the methods which we will use and introduction into the concepts of sacrifice in theological language, the work will be able to move on to the interpretation itself, in which, as mentioned above, it will focus on the three theological levels of Christology, Trinitology and eschatology. The paper aims to show that Matrix movie trilogy have the opportunity to answer questions in elementary theological dimensions. Keywords Theological interpretation, Matrix trilogy, art, movie, sacrifice, Christ, Trinity
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Advance directives and its realisation in current practice
Šnajdarová, Lenka ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
The aim of this diploma work is to search the answer to question: What are the causes for little use of advanced directives in real life from expert's point of view? Text is separated into theoretical part, methodological and analytical. In theoretical part, the autor is conceptualising basic terms from main research question and is leading the revers into the context. Methodological part is revealing the background of the research, which was carried out by qualitative research strategy through half-structured interviews with chosen experts in problems with advanced directives. In analytical part are presented results of research, which the autor is comparing to theoretical roots. Particiapnts of the research are seeing the causes of little use in advanced directives in little information about its existence, in legal format and its rising concerns from possible legal punishment and last but not least it can be caused by ethical and personal background. Keywords Advanced directives, illness, autonomy, causes, practise.
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