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How Pilgrims Lost Their Way. A Contribution to the Long-standing Scientific Discussion Considering a Motive of the Diversion of the Fourth Crusade
Weinzettl, Štěpán ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee)
1 Abstract This thesis offers a contribution to a long-standing historical debate concerning the deviation of the Fourth Crusade. It reflects both the main primary sources - especially two old-French narrative sources, the chronicles of Geoffroy Villehardouin and Robert of Clari - and key secondary literature. A special attention is paid to The Fourth Crusade written by two american scholars - Donald Queller and Thomas Madden. This book has gained a considerable prestige and become a crucial part of the Fourth Crusade's bibliography. This study owes much to its factual account but argues against its conclusions. Furthermore it works on the assumption that in the case where a deadlock was achieved after two centuries of historical debate, only an interdisciplinary collaboration is able to break it. Since the historical controversy lies in a "conspiracy theory" problem, this thesis also reflects the most modern findings on the epistemological value of these theories made by the philosophers. From this stance it tries to stir up the historical debate with new impulses.
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Image of raider in narrative sources of 9th and 10th century
Purchart, Ondřej ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
in English language: This work pursuits the way in which the raiders harassing the Europe in 9th and 10th centuries were portrayed in contemporary narrative sources. By analysing the individual sources, the view of the authors of that time on Viking, Magyar and Arab raiders is gradually formed and then the view on the raiders as whole because the view of all those three groups is largely the same. This work emphasizes on the things the analysed sources say about them both explicitly and unconsciously but also on the things they don't say or don't want to say. Amongst these sources is represented almost every type of literal form, which described raiding of the invaders during those two centuries, from chronicles and annals, to biographies and letters Thanks to the extent of the operations of the raiding nations there are also sources from different geographical and cultural regions of Europe and the distinctions can be watched. The effort of most of the authors is an image of a barbaric, unchristian rapist with fondness in pillaging, killing breaking agreements etc. Moreover, they very often detract or not even mention their military successes. But other aspects, like great military prowess and endeavour for settling, are also evident form these texts. The image is therefore very complex and...
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The Knight as an Ideal: the French, the English, the Armagnacs and the Burgundians as seen by selected French chroniclers in the Hundred Years' War
Čermák, Matěj ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Martin (referee)
The presented B.A. thesis pursues the viewing of the Knight as an ideal figure during the later phase of the Hundred Yearsʼ War in France as depicted by the chroniclers Enguerrand de Monstrelet and Gilles le Bouvier, herald of Berry who presented this ideal to the noble public. A primary aim of the study is therefore to specify oftentimes abstract ideas of the knight as an ideal that the society of the time embraced. Furthermore, this thesis attempts to answer the question whether there was any development in the perception of the ideal as the war progressed. To facilitate the understanding the events of the Hundred Yearsʼ War, the first part of the study focuses on the causes and development of the War, and on the role of the chroniclers. The second part then presents the origins and evolution of the western chivalry and the concept of the knight as such. In addition, it also attempts to reflect upon the knight as an ideal - what it meant for the aristocratic society and why it was created. The third and most detailed part discusses, in particular, knightly virtues and their violation mainly on the battlefield as recorded by the chroniclers. Keywords: Middle Ages, Hundred Years' War, France, England, Burgundy, Armagnacs, chivalrous ideal, propaganda, chivalry
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The Papacy and the Early Christian Heresies: Monophysitism, Monoenergism, Monotheletism
Šalamonová, Dominika ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the papacy's attitudes towards early Christian heresies: monophysitism, monoenergism, and monotheletism. Using a diachronic approach, four popes are discussed, namely Leo the Great, Vigilius, Honorius, and Agatho. These were the popes who greatly influenced the development of condemnation of heresies in the period starting from the Chalcedonian Council (451) until the Third Council of Constantinople (680/681). In this work, the attitudes and actions of the four popes are analyzed, compared, and put into a wider perspective. The attitude of each pope is presented with an analysis of his most important writings which are consequently put into a context of his personal traits and wider theological and political relations. The introductory chapter offers a concise summary of the theological development in the Roman Empire from 4th to 7th Century AD dealing with Trinitarian and Christological heresies and the councils that condemned them. Each of the next four chapters dedicated to four popes contains biographical information, an analysis of theological and political events with an emphasis on ecumenical councils, and, an analysis of popes' attitude. At the end of this thesis, a thorough comparison of all four popes is made. Moreover, the most important factors determining the popes'...
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The Donations and political activities of Alix of Vergy Duchess of Burgundy in the years 1206-1251 through the eyes of her documents
Karlíková, Valentina ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
Submitted diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of preserved documents and correspondence of the Duchess of Burgundy Alix of Vergy. The thesis surveys the political and donational pursuit of the duchess during the years 1206-1251 just on the basis of this kind of sources. The thesis analyzes individual documents and letters and subsequently reflects in them the events of the time period and the personality of the Duchess of Burgundy. In the first part are briefly outlined the realities of the burgundian region during this time period and the importance of the reformed orders for the area. Outlined is also the rule of dukes Hugh III. and Odo III. and also the life events of Alix of Vergy from being the wife of Odo III., through being the regent up to the position of mother of the ruling Duke of Burgundy. In the new chapter the thesis outlines the view on the role of medieval women, issue of their rights and disposal of power and free will. In the second part the thesis deals with the analysis of documents and correspondence of Alix of Vergy in particular periods of life. The diploma thesis on the basis of the source reconstructs the extent of her political power, independence and free decision-making throughout her life. Part of the thesis is a comparation of the analysis of the written material of...
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The royal journey of Wenceslas IV. to France 1398. Political, cultural and geographic aspects.
Dufková, Tereza ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The aim of this work is to reconstruct the royal journey of Wenceslas IV. to Reims in 1398 and analyse its diplomatical influence. To accomplish goals of this thesis charters, regests and rules had to be analysed. The emphasis was placed on welcome ceremony in Reims, mostly described by French chroniclers. An extensive itinery, including almost twenty towns visited by the king, was successfully created. The described royal journey is possible to use to enhance and summarize the picture of the reign of Wenceslas IV. between years 1378 to 1398. Another contribution is historical-geographical and entry ceremony, called adventus regis, analysis. Key words: Wenceslas IV., Charles VI., court of Luxembourg, court of France, royal journey, royal entrance, historical route, Papal Schism, Hudred Years War, travelling in the Middle Age
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The Medieval Warrior in Combat - Modern Myth and Historical Reality
Šlapák, Vojtěch ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive view of the combat skills and competencies of the European medieval warrior, using both written and archaeological sources and modern research of the recent years. The main reason for the choice of this theme is the general ignorance of the warrior past of our ancestors and especially the underestimation of European medieval fighting as something crude, non-technical and barbaric. This thesis attempts to refute such myths, among other through the comparison of 13th century fencing and Renaissance martial arts. Key words: Combat - Middle Age - Fencing- Swordplay - Wrestling - I.33 - European martial arts
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Dispute over Catholic and Protestant notions of purgatory in the 16 century
Roček, Martin ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
(in English): Presented work explores dispute over Catholic and Protestant notions of purgatory in the beginning of 16th century. The aim of this work is to analyse differences in perspective on Scripture and reasons which led Protestant theologians to rejection of the doctrine of purgatory. Due to limited space of the work, several key documents were chosen to portray how protestants theologians challenged existence of purgatory. The first part of the text summarizes the development of the idea of purgatory and gives an overview of the perception of purgatory in the 16th century in order to provide basis for better understanding of the topic. The following part introduces different views present in protestant movement in Germany and among Swiss reformed theologians. The last part of this text describes the development of council of Trent where controversial questions raised by protestant theologians were addressed so as to redefine the doctrine of purgatory for the following centuries. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Christianity, protestantism, purgatory, eschatology, reformation, heaven, hell
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The Last Princess of Luxembourg. The Life of Elizabeth of Görlitz in the period between years 1390 - 1425.The Last Princess of Luxembourg.
Bolerazká, Zuzana ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
Title: The Last Princess of Luxembourg. The Life Elizabeth of Görlitz in the Period between Years 1390 - 1425. Abstract: The thesis aims to describe the life of the last princess of the House of Luxembourg, Elisabeth of Görlitz. Based on an analysis of narrative and diplomatic material spanning between 1390 - 1425 it describes her life from birth until the moment she ultimately became a widow. Elisabeth of Görlitz (1390 - 1451) was the granddaughter of the emperor Charles the IV. and the Swedish king Albrecht I. During a significant period she used to be the only heir of the House of Luxembourg and therefore since her childhood she was an important woman from the political point of view. She married Anthony Duke of Brabant after several unsuccessful engagements. This marriage led Elizabeth to the Western Europe, where she spent the rest of her life. Thanks to this marriage, Luxembourg became the property of the newly married couple. After few years Anthony died in one of the most famous battles of Hundred Years' War - The battle of Agincourt. Soon after that, Elizabeth got married for the second time. Her second husband was John III the Pitiless, the former Prince-Bishop of Liège, which was during this time most known for his efforts of acquiring Holland and Zeeland. However, John died a few years after the...
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The Church of England: comparison of its development during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI
Vozabulová, Diana ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to compare the development of the Church of England during the reign of Henry VIII and his son Edward VI. In the first part of the thesis there is a brief overview of Henry's and Edward's reigns. The Regency Council that governed the realm while Edward was a child is also mentioned. The work also deals with Henry's divorce from Catherine of Aragon, as it led to the break with Rome. Furthermore, this thesis is concerned with the documents and acts issued by the parliament that established the royal supremacy over the Church of England in the 1530's. The second part of the thesis focuses on the process of establishing the doctrine and liturgical use during the 1530's and 1540's. Important differences between the development during Henry's and Edward's reigns are compared. These differences concern especially the doctrine of Eucharist and communion or the attitude to clerical celibacy and marriages. Individual chapters of the second part of the thesis are concerned with particular events that are crucial for the development of the Church of England, e.g. the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the suppression of the chantries, English translation of the Scripture or the publication of the Book of Common Prayer. One of the main aims of this works is also to examine the position of...
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