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Microbiome of the human body and most commonly used probiotics by patients from pharmaceutical practice
Plíšková, Zuzana ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This work is divided into theoretical and practical. Theoretical part discusses human microbiome, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Beginning work describes the human microbiome, as a living ecosystem consisting of several hundred species of microorganisms, its development from birth to adulthood, for proper functioning of all organ systems including the skin. Normal microbial flora prevents the body against infection, re-creates health and serve as an example to prevent traveler's diarrhea. In cases which cause reduction in the number of microorganisms (constipation, diarrhea, antibiotic therapy, and others), the body needs help using probiotic products, usually in the form of capsules, for the faster restoration of the normal microbial flora. It is important to choose a formulation which is suitable for the chosen target - that is, select whether purely probiotic or prebiotic agent combined with differently therefore termed synbiotic. Practical part deals with statistical data processing of the sales of probiotic products for a period of one year and determines the trend of sales. The results show seasonal marketability, probiotics, when it occurs more in the summer months. To demonstrate higher sales of probiotic products was used to compare data from 2012 and 2017 from a pharmacy Mlada...
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Problems of supplementary food sales in schools and school facilities
Šašková, Klára ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor) ; Rambousková, Jolana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of the complementary sale of food products in schools and school facilities, which is, at the moment, regulated by the appropriate statute (the Decree No. 282/2016 Coll., on requirements on food products for which an advertisement is allowed and which can be offered for sale and be sold in schools and school facilities). In the theoretical part of this thesis, the contemporary legislation on the subject-matter is described first. A brief chapter is dedicated to school meals. Subsequent chapters are devoted to requirements set for child food and the question of technological opportunities for food modification. The underlying goal of the theoretical part was to raise awareness of the contemporary alarming state with a growing trend of the obesity occurrence and to provide the reasoning why an emphasis on a proper food, especially during childhood, is so essential and, consequently, why a certain level of legal regulation in this field is desired. In the practical part of this thesis, food products, which satisfy the requirements set forth by the Decree No. 282/2016 Coll., were searched for. The results were projected into tables and they were verbally evaluated in the form of a discussion and they were compared with the requirements, which are now set forth...
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The introduction of the principles of HACCP in the catering services - development in the region of Kutna Hora in 2005, 2010
Koudelková, Zdeňka ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor)
My Bachelor's works contains the topic "The introduction of the principles of HACCP in the catering services - development in the region of Kutna Hora in 2005, 2010". The aim of this work is to analyze the development of system implementation HACCP in catering services in Kutná Hora for the period from 2005 till 2010. For my work I use unpublished results from the analysis of questionnaires from 2005 and I compare them with results obtained in year 2010. Questionnaire, question types and the selection of nature of the food service was maintained identical like the original questionnaire in 2005. Only two questions were changed in year 2010 because the changes in legislation. The result will be assessment, whether it was to raise awareness in teh region for the lat time and another preview of the obligation to implement HACCP. The paper work uses a questionnaire containing 13 questions aimed at general conditions of provision of catering services, infomration of operators, workers and their opinion on this issue. All questionnaires were completed anonymously and voluntarily by operators, in total of 50 establishments catering services, which were selected randomly at the implementations of state medical supervision in the department of nutrition hygiene. Results of individual questions in both years...
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Contribution to the Study of the Etiology and Clinical Significance of Hepatic Steatosis in the Experiment
Žaloudková, Lenka ; Živný, Pavel (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee) ; Teplan, Vladimír (referee)
Contribution to the study of the etiology and clinical significance of hepatic steatosis in the experiment The aim of this dissertation thesis is to elucidate and describe the influence of ursolic acid and its hepatoprotective effects on liver tissue after partial hepatectomy and the effects of this acid on lipid metabolism. It includes studies of the early phase of liver regeneration in rats with induced hepatic steatosis. The first part of the dissertation is focused on the study of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats with nutritionally induced hepatic steatosis using three experimental diets. To assess the liver regeneration, two rat models were selected, a healthy Wistar-type rat and a rat with high basal cholesterolemia, the so-called Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemic rat (PHHC). The standard model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), achieved by feeding both rat types on a high-cholesterol diet and an orotic acid diet for four weeks, confirmed the development of hepatic steatosis without signs of inflammation, necrosis or fibrotic changes. The methionine-choline deficient diet did not induce steatosis in the histological examination, although disruption of VLDL particle synthesis was found. Based on the incorporation of 3 [H]-thymidine into hepatocyte's DNA, the...
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The use of a capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis on chip for clinical research
Pavlíček, Václav ; Tůma, Petr (advisor) ; Pacáková, Věra (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
Present the dissertation thesis on the topic "The use of a capillary electrophoresis and electrophoresis on chip for clinical research" is divided into two separate parts. The first chapter summarizes the problems of development new method of very rapid determination of uric acid and creatinine using capillary electrophoresis in human urine and serum, when the entirely original solution has been developed for implementation of very fast electrophoretic separations in a commercial electrophoretic apparatus. The separations were performed in a laboratory made capillary formed by connecting a 9.7 cm long separation capillary with inner diameter (d) 25 µm with an auxiliary 22.9 cm long capillary with d 100 µm. The coupled capillary is characterized by the effective separation path 8.3 cm (short-end injection mode) and the high electric field intensity around 2.3 kV per cm. The coupled capillary was tested at several high-speed analysis; i) the determination of creatinine in human urine, background electrolyte - 20 mM citric acid/NaOH, pH 3.0; ii) the determination of uric acid in human urine, background electrolyte - 20 mM MES/NaOH, pH 6.0. Under these experimental conditions, migration times of 12.2 s for creatinine and 8.6 s for uric acid were achieved and the attained separation efficiency was...
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Prevention of postural defects in the population
Langmajerová, Jana ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation aims at verifying methodology used for somatographic evaluation of the shape and statics of the spine. The potential of the methodology verified lies in increased objectivity of upright body posture evaluation and thereby contributes to the specification of preventative measures for postural defects, and their consequences. Under a cross-sectional pilot study, a non-invasive somatographic method-a diagnostic DPT-3 system designated for spine shape diagnostics-was used to examine selected biomechanical parameters (spinal curves and statics in the sagittal plane in the upright position) in a total of 508 probands. Of this, 326 were school-age children and 182 adults. Among the key parameters monitored were: Cl (depth of cervical lordosis); LI (depth of lumbar lordosis); the sagittal balance of Cl/Ll, and VThk (distance of the peak of the thoracic kyphosis from the ideal verticals-IV). A questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of movement activity in probands and the relation between the occurrence of painful back and headaches and the measurement of biomechanical parameters and movement activity. A total of 81.3 % of children and 94.5 % of adults were found to have deviations from the biomechanically ideal posture model, which signals a postural defect. The values of the Cl (p...
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