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The Principle of Human Dignity in the Czech Prisons
Prajka, Petr ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee)
The Principal of Human Dignity in the Czech Prison Summary The thesis concentrates on a set of findings concerning the matter of human rights and their abidance in prisons in the Czech Republic. These findings are based on evaluation reports of The Czech Prison Direction and The Czech Humane Committee. It also includes the evaluation of findings obtained in a sociological research among the prisoners who were confronted with the results of above mentioned organizations. The purpose of this thesis was to learn the historical background of the creation of The Declaration of Basic Human Rights, their abidance and fulfillment, as results from the title of this thesis. Another purpose is to evaluate a historical development not only in the light of the world as such - so secular, but also in the light of faith; of the approach of Catholic Church and Christianity. It is possible to say that the modern approach of thoughts stressed the ability and demand of human intelligence on a moral autonomy concerning social institutions and the social form. Especially the originality, form elaboration, bibliographical citations, analytical- systematical preparation of data etc. are the benefits. Impulses included in this thesis are designated mainly to those who are interested in fulfilling the human rights. The idea of...
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Ethics of advertising. Position in terms of theological ethics
Musilová, Lenka ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Lorman, Jaroslav (referee)
Ethics of advertising - Position in terms of theological ethics Advertising is a subject of a lot of controversial debates because it derives the benefit from unethical practics. For example, advertising misleads customers when it conceals essential information, abuses women and children, improperly uses a sense of fear. These aspects of advertising have a negative impact on society. The goal of this thesis was to find out how experts in the advertising industry perceive adverting and its ethics. The first one is a marketing specialist and the other is a director of an advertising agency. I introduce advertising at the beginning of the first part. The main themes of the theological ethics come later and then I explain the relationship of ethics and advertising. There is a separate chapter dealing with attitude of The Catholic church towards advertising's ethics. The next chapter describes regulation of advertising in The Czech Republic. The second part includes a qualitative research about expert's perception of advertising and its ethics. I found out their opinions using non-standardized interviews. In the conclusion I introduce results of the research. Keywords: Ethics / theological ethics Advertising Catholic Church and advertising Regulation of advertising
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Quest for truth as a fundamental moral claim
Jakoubek, Jiří ; Lorman, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Is it possible to describe questing for truth as a fundamental moral claim? If so, in what meaning than? The goal of the submitted work is to find the answer to these questions. As the starting point of reflections serves a characteristic of a man as a person in spirit of dialogical personalism. This correspond with personal project conception of moral truth. That is put in connection with the life story of Jesus of Nazareth as a true man. With the assistence of the terms "conscience" and "liberty" is the final conception of moral truth set in a wider purview of ethical reflections and consequently confrontated with teaching of encyclical "Veritas splendor".
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Ethics in Publishing in the Czech Republic
Juhaňák, Stanislav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The thema of this bachelor's thesis is publishing ethics in the Czech republic. This issue has not been thoroughly worked out. In historical context, the attention was focused more likely on unauthorised reprints and copyrights infringement and - in Czechoslovakia between the world wars - on the publisher mission in the society. As has emerged from the interviews with publishers, everyone is guided by his own ethical code. We can distinguish publisher's personal/professional responsibility (technical quality), social responsobility (content of the book, acting on reader and society, relationship with internal and external employees and transcendental responsiblity (relationship to God). Nowadays, there is no unified publisher ethical code in the Czech republic. There are many situations in the practice which are perceived by some people as unethical, while other take them as part of their business. The target of this thesis is description of publishers' ethics through qualitative analysis of information drawn from the interviews with publishers (N=11) and their colleagues (N=17). In this thesis, there is outlined the wide spectrum of opinion on different ethical dilemmas represented by Christian and other publishers. They believe the publishing ethics gets better, they lay stress on creativity and...
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Home Hospices
Kaucká, Helena ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Fošum, Jan (referee)
In our diploma thesis "Home hospice and palliative care" we deal with home hospices and, to a lesser extent, inpatient hospices. We also discuss palliative care, futile treatment, euthanasia and previously expressed wishes. The work also deals with legislative laws or regulations regarding hospice palliative care and health care in general and ethics. The work mentions mobile hospice teams, palliative care counseling teams in hospitals, care for terminally ill patients. The importance of the presence of loved ones at the time of the patient's death, the lack of palliative beds in the Czech Republic and the little public awarness of hospice care, previsouly expressed wishes and other home hospices as an alternative to euthanasia are determined. Keywords hospice, palliative care, palliative bed, patient, terminal condition, mobile hospice team
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Christian Ethics and Universal Validity of Moral Norms
Stašová, Jarmila ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Fošum, Jan (referee)
We were born into a historically determined society. Our increasingly autonomous behavior - lifestyles with goals either theistic or atheistic in nature - is still influenced by the results of our predecessors, especially by different kinds of written and unwritten social norms. These norms primarily control society by protecting life-values according to the interest of political powers, whilst having different and not always easily understandable terminology, validity, enforceability or true achievability. The need for these norms will evidently increase in the future, as there will be a need to satisfy human needs on a more globalized level. The Czech Republic, created on Judeo-Christian roots, is in its third decade of being a democratic, capitalist legal state. Migration has a significant contribution to its population growth, with people from different states, cultures and religious backgrounds moving in. However, the Czech legal norms are binding for all - with principal equality before the law and additional references to universal ethical norms. It is therefore important to have the best possible knowledge of these norms, using not only the scientific reflection of different legal fields, but also the universal ethical reflection - which is both secular and theistic. My goals in the present...
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Influence of burnout syndrome on christian-ethical argumentation examined in the form of a case study of a clergyman
Esterlová, Helena ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Bouma, David (referee)
Helena Esterlová Aplikovaná etika, KTF UK Anotace diplomové práce v AJ Název práce: Influence of burnout syndrome on christian-ethical argumentation examined in the form of a case study of a clergyman Abstract: The burnout syndrome affects usually people who live to the fullest, who feel to be called to some activity, It gives them the meaning of their life. However, various outer and inner influences can cause that the meaning of the life starts to disappear, in the worst cases people lose their vision completely. The burnout often affects people who are engaged in other people and their problems. These people are also clergymans, who encounter the other's problems every day. A person is paralysed during contending a burnout in all areas of life: physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual. He is losing the meaning of life and needs a total restart unconditionally. If a cleric is losing the meaning of life his service in church in a serious danger. One of the crucial things for restoring the internal balance is finding the meaning of life again and subsequent organizing the values in the way that allows to live stably and doesn't lead to a burnout again. The area of values is the area explored by ethics. On the verbal level the anchoring of person's values is shown by his (ethical) argumentation....
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Ethical aspects and possible social effects of free childlessness
Haškovcová, Eva ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This thesis maps Czech social and expert discussions on the theme of child-free people childnessness. It is directed on those aspect with implicit ethical content. Subsequently it chooses the most often argument, what are discussed in the ethical reflection. To be child-free is more and more becoming phenomenon, in the Czech Republic especially in the last thirty years. In spite of that it is considered to be rather as alternative life style, what is often exposed to moral evaluation, with mostly negative tone. The criticism of the child-free people can be sumarized into two main streams, when the first one directs on the social impact of the declining birth rates, the second one focuses on personal features of the child-free people, to whom it reprehends either defective hierarchy of values or unnaturalness of their behavior. These two groups of arguments are confronted with the philosophical concept of inclinationes naturales (natural tendencies) of Thomas Aquinas.
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The current crisis of marriage in the light of the Christian ethics
Kopicová, Věra ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
The current crisis of marriage in the light of the Christian ethics The diploma thesis occupies with the topic: the current crisis of marriage in the light of the Christian ethics. It conducts a survey of current knowledges, studies and researches relating to the main topic. Moreover, the thesis thinks about personal, social reasons as well as ethical conflicts in marriage, which can bring married couples into the crisis. Further it struggles to find a solution according to Christian ethical codex. After introduction - which is dedicated to the explanation what is the marriage about, what are its anthropological aspects, its anthropological polarities and Christian statutes - there is a part dedicated to wedding vows. Human values in marriage - love, respect, fidelity, unity, inseparability and obedience (a lot discussed at these days) - are considered here at this chapter. Further is the attention payed to the status of marriage worldwide, from times before II. Vatican Council until today. In context with the current marriage crisis, the work occupies with particular problems, which married couples can come through. The thesis mentions difficult situations with problematic behaviour in marriage - positive and negative sites of different situations in marriage, coming out from unsolved roles and...
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The issue of abortion in today's society
Víšková, Martina ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Fošum, Jan (referee)
The issue of abortion in today's society The thesis tries to clarify the rational aspect of abortion. However a religious viewpoint is not the main topic of this thesis, the author does not leave it out and one separate chapter of this work is dedicated to it. The authoralso tries to find an answer whether it is possible to consider an abortion to be ethical and in what conditions. The thesis is trying to explain various aspects of abortion in the Czech Republic as well as abroad, it is also following a medical view - point and various executive methods of abortions. There is an aspiration to refer to the historical advancement of abort opinion and to resolve an origin of this problem. Disposition of this work is to disclose not only the moral aspects but also the feelings of the woman experiencing an abort including after-effects on her. The important chapter there is the postabortal syndrome which is not accepted as a medical diagnosis associated with psychological effects of abort. There is a short questionnaire inserted in the thesis which refers to some women's opinions and experiences. Keywords abortion, sorts of abortion, abortion and mental health, unwanted children, the dispute over the status of the embryo
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