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Land reform during the First Republic
Peichlová, Adéla ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The topic of my thesis is "Land reform during the First Republic", which proceeded in our state from the year 1919 till the year 1935. The land reform contained an element of the confiscation and expropriation, so I integrated in the introduction of my thesis the explanation and short overview of process and history of these two institutes, which represent the most important intervention of the states to the landed property. After that I focused on the alterations of the lands, their history and importance. The main part of my thesis deals with the land reform, especially the preconditions and the reasons, why our state decided to carry out so important and forward change of the landed property and different conceptions and views of the political parties. The next part of my thesis is focused on the laws, which deal with main problems and issues of the land reform, and on the pursuance of the land reform in practice. I didn't miss out include in my thesis neither results of this reform nor the criticism and appreciation of this reform. In my opinion this reform poses important component of the coup and one of the most important tasks, which the new independent state had to fulfil to stabilize the internal situation in the land.
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Some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia 1945 - 1992
Bucharová, Jiřina ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Resumé Thesis: Some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia - 1945 - 1992 This thesis deals with some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia in years 1945 - 1992. Legal regulations of waste management are introduced in wider framework of the environmental law. The development of this legal branch is mentioned in the researched years. The thesis describes some legal regulations of waste management and public administration - institutional securing of the branch relating to the environment - especially in the branch of waste management sector. Some aspects of legal regulation of waste management are described, technical or technological aspects are referred only demonstratively and in urgent need. This thesis is especially focused on the legal regulations of waste recovery (so-called collectable raw material or scrap metal) and also waste disposal (incineration and especially landfilling). A short comparison with contemporary legal regulations is given on appropriate sites (e.g. competence of the Czech Environmental Inspection). For this thesis relevant examples of real state of waste management are mentioned (in certain cases also in other branch closely relating to waste, also regulated by environmental law - e.g. waste-water treatment). The situation...
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The Development Aspects of the Interrelationship between the Jurisdiction and State Administration in Czechoslovakia (1918 - 1938) with regard to the development of german administrative justice
Bláhová, Ivana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The aim of this thesis named Development aspects of the relationship between judicial system and administrative structure in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938) considering the development of the German administrative justice is to analyse the basic development aspects of the relationship between executive and judicial power in Czechoslovakia. The capstones of the thesis are particularly state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. Moreover, a comparative part describing the administrative justice and the gradual elimination of the separation of powers in Germany in the thirties was added. The thesis is composed of five chapters. The first one introduces the matter. The second chapter defines the essential terms like separation of powers, executive and judicial power, state and public administration, judicial system, as well as state administration of the courts, territorial scope and administrative justice. The third chapter deals with the history of the relationship between administration and judicial system in Austria and Austro-Hungarian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. The following, most important chapter describes the constitutional development after the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918. The fourth chapter is divided into...
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The activities of czech women in the legal professions in the Czechoslovakia in years 1918 - 1938
Valentová, Vendulka ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The article focuses on the women lawyers in the First republic, their education and practice. As far as career opportunities are concerned, women had a difficult position in many areas comparing with men. The most visible difference between men and women was in the area of education, especially in the area of law education; law education was also inaccessible to women in our countries longer than in other countries. The struggle of women for access to law faculty was very long, taking into consideration the fact that in the former Austrian- Hungarian monarchy it was possible for women to study philosophy from 1897 and medicine and pharmaceutics from 1900. Only in 1918, influenced by events of the creation of the independent Czechoslovak state, it was decided to accept women as regular students of the law faculty. But the acceptance of women as students first in Prague faculty and later in law faculties of Masaryk University in Brno, of Comenius University in Bratislava and German university in Prague did not automatically meant that women could after their education start their career as law professionals. It seems to be ridicule for us now but after 1922 when first women graduated law faculty they had to struggle once more in the atmosphere full of polemics and problems to open law professions for...
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Contract of sale and selected related issues of contract law according to Act No. 141/1950 Coll., Civil code, in comparison with recent legislation
Mužík, Vít ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Contract of sale and selected related issues of contract law according to Act No. 141/1950 Coll., Civil code, in comparison with recent legislation Abstract The thesis deals with the contract of sale and other selected legal institutes of contract law according to the Act No. 141/1950 Coll., the Civil Code (hereinafter "OZ 1950") while comparing them with the recent legislation contained in the Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code. The contract of sale is generally one of the most important means of realizing the autonomy of the will of the subject bearing rights and obligations, moreover it is one of the most frequent ways of transferring ownership. The thesis offers a critical view of the legal regulation of legal institutes in both mentioned codes, when at the same time, both positive and negative aspects of the given legal regulations are pointed out. On this count, in relation to the recent legal regulation, some considerations de lege ferenda are stated, and furthermore some inaccuracies in the prevailing current evaluation of the OZ 1950 are also noted. The legal institutes that are mentioned in this thesis are e.g., legal act, its requisites and defects, the concept of contract and obligation with their theoretical definition, the principles of contract law or certain issues of tort lawin...
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Determination and protection of the state border of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
Jindra, Ondřej ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
During the study of the documents on the establishment and protection of the state border of Czechoslovakia and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, I have based myself on the literature and legal regulations in force and effective at the time of their use. I then drew indispensable information during consultations with my thesis supervisor. This thesis deals with the original control bodies of the past centuries that patrolled the borders, as well as the armed corps - the Financial Guard. It was established during the Austrian monarchy and continued its activities after the establishment of Czechoslovakia. The current borders of the Czech Republic are based on historical sources to which the Czechoslovak government referred when the Czechoslovak Republic was founded. Thanks to these efforts, we have the state borders as we know them today. However, the establishment of these borders was not at all easy, and at the very beginning of its existence Czechoslovakia had to make a military effort to maintain its borders. The greatest surveillance and protection of the borders took place during the 1930s, when the Czechoslovak Republic was preparing for a war conflict, which ultimately did not take place. The most important position was held by the Financial Guard, which in the event of a military conflict was...
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Origination of the uniform agricultural cooperatives ("JZD") and their legal basis
Wágner, Adam ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
Origination of the uniform agricultural cooperatives ("UAC") and their legal basis Abstract: The aim of this thesis was to map in detail the process of the formation of unified agricultural cooperatives. Furthermore, I have tried to characterize the basic features that played a role in the process of the formation of unitary agricultural cooperatives. In my thesis, I proceed chronologically from the publication of the Kosice Government Programme to the government's declaration of 15 September 1953. The first part of my work is devoted to the post-war period. In the introduction of the first part I try to outline the situation that prevailed in the then Czechoslovakia and I accentuate any mention of cooperatives. I then turn to the so-called six agricultural acts and the Hradec programme. The second part of my work is devoted to the events from the victory in February until the adoption of the law on unified agricultural cooperatives. This section begins by mentioning the first post-February government program statement and the agricultural laws passed on March 21, 1948. Next, I present the first post-war agricultural cooperatives concept. Much space is then devoted to the Information Bureau Resolution of June 28, 1948, and the subsequent creation of the conditions for the unified agricultural cooperatives...
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