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Muslim community in India
Troligová, Anna ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Štipl, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the muslim community in India, which is a broad topic. The aim of this work is to present the most important features of the indian muslim society and to specify them in terms of their formation and functioning on the Indian land. The main subject of this thesis is the community which is formed by the Indian inhabitants who profess the islamic religion. To characterise the community, it is necessary to explain its formation from historical perspective, and to define the ideas of islam and its specifications affected by indian local customs. Moreover, the features and manners of such community are described.
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Animals in the looking glasses of Europe and India. The changing bonds between humans and animals in the course of the 19th and 20th century
Nováková, Hana ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Cílek, Václav (referee)
This paper deals with various aspects of human- animal relationship: biological, psychological and sociological; but also with the fact how deep and thorough impact can political events have on the paradigma pointed towards animals. Here, these are depicted on significant fields of human - animal interactions of modern times, for example zoological gardens, petkeeping, changing ways of hunting, and also within some more obscure phenomena, such as animal abuse in laboratory research and in "meat plants". I also try to trace the roots of the approach that people of modern time Europe perform towards animals, and I do the same for India. The writing is divided into two parts, each one containing four chapters. The part No. I. - The man and the animal in Euro-American cultural context - describes the turbulent changes the human - animal relationship underwent during the era of Enlightenment, and tries to explain why it was so. Animals have enjoyed a widespread interest since times immemorial, but have hardly ever been perceived from the tabula rasa point of view. On the contrary, they have often been seen through the prisma of human sociology, serving as the immense field of manifold human projections. As such, they have figured in copious kinds of modern "myths", being it myths of ritual or otherwise "fictive"...
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Religious conversion and reconversion in contemporary India
Štipl, Zdeněk ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor)
Ve své diplomové práci jsem se za pomoci sekundární literatury pokusil vystihnout základní problémové okruhy náboženské konverze v Indii v jejím dějinném vývoji. Značná obsahová šíře daného tématu pochopitelně vybízí k dalšímu zpracování z mnoha odlišných úhlů pohledu a s daleko detailnějším zaměřením na konkrétní aspekty konfliktního soužití indických náboženských komunit. Tato práce se zabývala toliko vztahem křesťanství a hinduismu, a tak by jistě zásadně rozdílné, třebaže neméně pozoruhodné postřehy přineslo studium problematiky náboženských konverzí z perspektivy nejpočetnější náboženské minority v zemi - indických muslimů. Zásadním tématem, s náboženskými konverzemi a křesťanskými misiemi úzce souvisejícím, na jehož zpracování indické křesťanství po několik desetiletí stále marně čeká, se zdá být domácí systematická teologie, která bude muset reflektovat existenci minoritní křesťanské obce v prostředí, jež je nábožensky i kulturně vyhraněné a prosycené hlubokými tradicemi. Pozoruhodné poznatky zajisté také přinese pokračující dlouhodobé sledování osudů indických křesťanů ve 21. století, jakož i neustále se vyvíjející indické sekulární demokracie a vztahu politických stran k problémům místních náboženských menšin. Na téma konfliktní i obohacující interakce křesťanství a hinduismu bych rád navázal v...
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Old Hindi in the poetry of Mira Bai
Melnikovová, Nora ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
The chief object of this study is to throw some light on the language of the oldest preserved pads ascribed to the medieval poet-saint Mira Bai, who was supposed to live in the 16. century in Rajasthan. It deals with the historicity of the poet-saint, with her biography/hagiography as preserved in old references and with the authorship of her poems. It aims at describing the form and contents of her poetry as well as the historical and cultural background of the development of Krshnaite literature and the history of Braj area and language. In particular, it makes an effort to analyse the morphophonological features of the the language(s) of the these earliest poems. This work is intended not only for linguists who are interested in medieval languages of the "Hindi area", it might be interesting also for other linguists and students of indology and religion.
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Vishva Hindu Parishad
Krejčík, Jiří ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor)
This thesis deals with the origin and growth of the Hindu organisation Vishva Hindu Parishad during the years 1964-1992 and its role in the Hindutva movement. It analyses its ideology, propaganda, activities and influence on the political development of the Republic of India. It mainly focuses on the VHP's transformation from the originally loose association of Hindu elites aimed at preserving and promoting Hindu dharma into a mass organisation with a huge impact on the Indian politics through mobilizing the Hindu society for the creation and promotion of a strong Hindu nation.
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Hindutva and the women's question
Bulvasová, Klára ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor)
In my thesis I have focused on Hindu women adhering to the principles of Hindu nationalist ideology which stems from the notion of Hindutva as described by V. D. Savarkar who has put forward some gender sterotypes of Hindu men and women depicted as substantially different from Muslim men and women. These assumptions were later further developed by the so called sangh parivar. I have suggested that Hindu nationalism has in the late eighties and early nineties succeeded in mobilising Hindu women for the cause of the Hindu Right and brought them into its fold on an unprecedented scale. The mobilisation was successful due largely to the Ramjanmbhumi Movement which was then at its height. Right-wing Hindu women participated in the movement, and communal riots which formed an integral part of it, either as political leaders or perpetrators of communal violence assaulting, among others, Muslim women. This thesis also presents a brief overview of some women's wings of the sangh parivar and their ideology which in certain aspects differs from that of their male counterparts. It also considers the question of female emancipation within these wings and draws a comparison between them and the feminist movement.
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Life of Indians in the west as reflected in short stories by Sunita Jain
Bočanová, Petra ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor)
The main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the contribution of the short stories written by Hindi writer, Sunita Jain concerning the cultural differences between the Western and the Indian cultures and the lives of Indian people within the diaspora in the United States. The thesis opens with a brief introduction of the history of the Indian immigration to the United States of America and to England. This historical background is necesarry for understanding the basic elements of what follows. The thesis continues with the description of the main differences between the Western culture and the Indian culture. The content is focused towards the observations highlighted in the selected works by Sunita Jain. The chapter also raises questions on what it means to be an Indian in the world today and how the Indians deal with the balance of spirituality and materialism on home soil. The penultimate chapter, chapter three, looks at the life of Sunita Jain and describes the crucial moments that have affected her writings. The final chapter describes the life of the heros in Sunita Jain's short stories, that are placed in USA or after they returned to India from USA. The chapter also examines the cultural differences as they were grasped by the author, it deals with the common life they lead and compares it to the one...
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The partition of India and its reflection in Hindi literature
Tenzin, Eva ; Bendíková, Soňa (referee) ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor)
Úkolem této práce je pojednat o hindské literatuře věnující se rozdělení Indie. Při shromažďování materiálu a přípravných pracích jsem zjistila, že z hlediska daného tématu jsou hindská a urdská literatura neodlučitelné. V obou se jeví paralelní pohledy na situaci, pro obě je problematika stejně palčivá. Proto jsem nemohla nechat urdskou literaturu stranou. V rámci bakalářské práce nemohu ovšem zahrnout vše, co bylo na obou stranách k dané problematice napsáno, a tak jsem se soustředila především na tématické okruhy, které byly pro tuto literaturu typické. Zaměřila jsem se na různost jejich zpracování v dílech několika autorů, které považuji za nejvýraznější představitele literatury té doby, ať již na straně indické, či pákistánské.
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The fairness of tax system
Marková, Dagmar ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
ANGLICKÁ ANOTACE The Fairness of Tax System This paper deals with the fairness of tax system. After introductory chapter the history of taxes is summarized and the basic functions of taxes are described followed by mentioning the requirements of good tax system. One of the main requirements is the fairness of the system. In the third part, paper discusses the role of justice. Three types of justice and several concepts of fairness will be introduced. I chose two concepts for further explanation. The first theory introduces utilitarianism; the second one is based on the opinions of John Rawls. According to the principle of Christian ethics I debate them. The next section evaluates taxes and kinds of tax systems on the basis of fairness theories. Examples from Czech tax system are included in the discussion. The reform of public finance is prepared in our country, thus at the end the implementation of flat tax and ecological tax reform is discussed. The last chapter concludes. Key words: tax, tax system, fairness, utilitarianism, Rawls.
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The Caryāpadas: its language and religious meaning
Taimr, Martin ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Hříbek, Martin (advisor)
This work aims to provide an overview of topic through the summary of available secondary literature. The discussed topic is one thousand years old Bengali religious songs. About fifty of these songs were discovered one hundred years ago in a Nepalese archive. Authors of the songs were mostly Buddhist laymen and masters from the area of nowadays Bangladesh and West Bengal. These songs are considered by scholars to be the oldest specimen of literature written in Bengali language although this pre-eminent position is claimed by closely related Indo-Aryan languages like Assamese, Bihari and Oriya too. Beside the philological aspect we are concerned with a particular coded language used in these songs. Then we discuss their content and spiritual meaning and we place the ideas they express into wider religious context.
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