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The Dynamics of World Population Ageing
Bošková, Mariana ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The dynamics of the world population aging Abstract This bachelor thesis "Dynamics of Population Aging in the World" aims to evaluate the evolution of current trends of demographic aging in the world. The impact of population aging is analyzed through five indicators: old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, and median age. The countries with the highest and smallest values of these indicators are displayed. Furthermore, the most homogeneous and most heterogeneous regions are researching using the standard deviation of the values of used indicators. The countries with the largest and smallest differences in the values of the used indicators between 1950-2015 and 2015-2050 are also displayed. The most dynamic aging of the population will, according to forecasts, occur till 2050 in Eastern and Southeast Asia. These regions are most likely to hold world leadership in both age and median age levels. Throughout the reporting period, Africa will most likely be the youngest continent in the world. Key words: demographic aging, population development, world
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The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development
Stýblová, Julie ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development Abstract The main objective of this work is to analyze mortality rates in the countries with the lowest mortality rates in the world between 1990 and 2013 for males and females separately. In order to assess development trends, indicators of life expectancy at birth, probability of death, which served to assess the mortality by age and using one-dimensional decomposition, the contributions of different age groups to the change in life expectancy at birth were determined. For a more detailed analysis, mortality was assessed for selected groups of death causes using standardized mortality rates and the view was complemented by a two-dimensional decomposition, which determined the contributions of age groups and major cause classes to assess how age group and cause of death has contributed to the change in life expectancy at birth. All countries have increased their life expectancy at birth and no signs of slowing are observed. The results show that each country is approaching and there are not too many differences. Selected countries have similar trends in decreasing mortality rates in older age groups and changing the order of the most important causes of death. Key words: Mortality, age and gender, causes of death, life expectancy,...
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Impacts of 1990's genocide on population of Rwanda and its awareness about family planning
Jelínková, Kamila ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Impacts of 1990's genocide on population of Rwanda and its awareness about family planning Abstract This thesis pursues the demographic development and the population's attitude to family planning in the state of Rwanda. The observed time period includes the second half of the 20th century to the present time. The first aim is the basic description of the demographic development of the state in relation to historical events. It's well known that wars have a negative impact on the population and economics of a state. The civil war broke out which brought big population losses in Rwanda in the 1990's. In this period the demographic revolution proceeded as it had in many other developing countries, which was important for the socioeconomic development of the state, and it was ceased as a consequence of the genocide. The Rwandan government at that time as one of the first governments began with the support of family planning programmes, which could have had a positive impact on the acceleration of the demographic transition. The second aim of the thesis is the determination whether the genocide had an impact on these governmental initiatives and stalled broadening of the awareness of family planning among the population this way, namely by means of media. The last aim of the thesis is the determination whether...
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Age and gender structure of elementary and high school teachers in Czechia from 2006 to 2016
Hanzlík, Radek ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Age and sex structure of elementary and high school teachers in Czechia from 2006 to 2016 Abstract The main goal of this bacelor thesis is evaluation of the most important development trends of age and sex structure of elementary and high school teachers in Czechia from 2006 to 2016. First we described system of czech education and then we analyze age and sex structure of teachers. In the thesis we used several indicators: average and median age, ageing index and feminity index of elementary and high school teachers. Based on this indicators we described population aging of teachers and feminisation of teaching profession. We created analyze of number of graduates of pedagogical disciplines on colleges and we also analyzed graduates of courses lifelong learning with a focus on education. Finally we described a forecast of number of elementary school pupils and the development of number of pupils per teacher for 2006-2016. Based on the forecast of needed time jobs of elementary and high school teachers in relation to estimated number of pupils we found out that we will need more full-time jobs of teachers. Keywords: teachers, age structure, sex structure, elementary school, high school, Czechia, feminization
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Poverty of Czech seniors
Hromádková, Václava ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Poverty of Czech seniors Abstract Poverty is a relevant topic even in developed countries, which it needs to be deal with. In the following diploma thesis I will introduce some definitions and concepts of poverty and material deprivation. I will also deal with process of demographic ageing and a development of senior's population in the Czech Republic. The intention of the analytical part of this diploma thesis is to capture a level of poverty and material deprivation of Czech seniors in year 2014, using at-risk- of-poverty rate and material deprivation rate. I will focus on the following question: "Which group of seniors based on gender, marital status, age and education is threatened the most by poverty or material deprivation". I will describe the level of poverty and material deprivation in different regions of the Czech Republic. I also will compare differences between seniors and the whole population in the sense of the level of poverty and material deprivation. This thesis uses data from the Czech Statistical Office, particularly the data from the Population Cenzus in years 2001 and 2011 and also the data from the household survey called Living condition in year 2014. Selected data are used in binary logistic regression for describing the determinants of poverty and material deprivation of seniors in...
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Social Housing in Social Policy focusing on Prague 7 City District
Junková, Kateřina ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Social Housing in Social Policy focusing on Prague 7 City District Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the current system of social housing in the context of the social policy of the Czech Republic. It deals with individual problem groups using social housing, involves the research of social housing situation in other European countries and the overall historical context that has led to the current social housing situation in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework aims to the housing itself it closely associated with the main topic. Since the subject is complex and broad, the analytical framework concentrates on social housing issues of the Prague 7 district. Current population in this particular territory is largely influenced by increased number of immigration of people mostly aged 20−45. As a result, the overall population is younger than in other parts and the number of seniors living in Prague 7 municipal district has been continuously decreasing. The outcomes of the population projection to the year 2050 suggest the proportion of age groups will probably change, and a high population growth is likely to happen under given assumptions. The life expectancy at birth and mean age of mothers at first childbirth increase, respecting nationwide trend. One of the other important factors is the...
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Mortality analysis of diseases caused by smoking in selected European countries, 1999-2014
Vachová, Aneta ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Mortality analysis of diseases caused by smoking in selected European countries, 1999-2014 Abstrakt The main point of this diploma thesis is to analyze mortality development of diseases caused by smoking in selected countries of the European Union during the period 1999-2014 by using analytic methods. Objective states are at first represented as values of smoking prevalence indicators and consumption of cigarettes per smoker in the population. The mortality development of diseases caused by smoking in selected European countries is mentioned afterwards. The computation of temporary life expectancy at exact ages 35-85 was made after that. When we compare temporary life expectancy at age 35-85 of the real population and temporary life expectancy where we will not count with mortality diseases caused by smoking in the same age group we will get a value of how many more years would the population in that age group live if the mortality of diseases caused by smoking was eliminated successfully. The results of the main part of this thesis show that if the people didn't die on diseases caused by smoking, the most visible prolongation of temporary life expectancy at exact ages 35-85 would be in Baltic countries, especially in Latvia, in both sexes. Keywords: Mortality, smoking, mortality causes, temporary life...
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Social housing in social policy
Junková, Kateřina ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Social Housing in Social Policy Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the current system of social housing in the context of the social policy of the Czech Republic. It deals with individual problem groups using social housing, involves the research of social housing situation in other European countries and the overall historical context that has led to the current social housing situation in the Czech Republic. The theoretical framework aims to the housing itself and family policy issues, all closely associated with the main topic. Since the subject is complex and broad, the analytical framework concentrates on social housing issues of the Prague 7 district. Current population in this particular territory is largely influenced by increased number of immigration of people mostly aged 20−45. As a result, the overall population is younger than in other parts and the number of seniors living in Prague 7 municipal district has been continuously decreasing. The outcomes of the population projection to the year 2050 suggest the proportion of age groups will probably change, and a high population growth is likely to happen under given assumptions. The life expectancy at birth and mean age of mothers at first childbirth increase, respecting nationwide trend. One of the other important factors is the availability...
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Regional analysis and forecast of the number of pupils in upper secondary education
Mačková, Zuzana ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Regional analysis and forecast of the number of pupils in upper secondary education Abstract The goal of this thesis is to analyze the current structure of secondary school pupils according to the main KKOV classification scheme within individual regions of the Czech Republic and to estimate the future development in the schoolyear 2024/2025. Two main methods were used for this purpose, the method of participation in education from population classes and the method of quotient of transitions between individual years. The first part of the thesis focuses on the history of the development of the educational system and the methodology of classification of the educational system in the Czech Republic. The second part of this thesis deals with the application of selected methods to data for the regions of the Czech Republic. The ratio of newly admitted pupils to the size of population in the region per age and field of study and in schoolyears 2006/2007-2015/2016 is determined. Further, numbers of newly admitted pupils, pupils in each year of study, and graduates according to selected groups of disciplines are estimated in the schoolyear 2024/2025. This information can facilitate decision-making and planning of educational capacities in individual regions and the direction of the labor market in the region....
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