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Depiction of Family in Spanish and Czech Phraseology
Pérez Medrano, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe Czech and Spanish idiomatic phrases related to family members. The thesis consists of three parts - theoretical, practical and case study. The initial part is dedicated to theoretical aspects of phraseology and determination of basic terms regarding the differences in approach of Czech and Spanish linguistics. The base of the practical part is a corpus of Czech and Spanish idiomatic phrases which are analysed from semantic point of view. The emphasis is primerily put on the research of the rate of equivalence between Spanish and Czech idioms and to the investigation of differnces and common features between both languages. The case study follows on from the list of Mexican idiomatic phrases related to family members that are further analysed from semantic viewpoint.
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Lexical negation in Spanish
Malinová, Markéta ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with negation in Spanish, especially lexical negation and negative prefixes. It is divided into two parts: the first one is theoretical which is followed by a practical one, which contains its own research. The aim of the first part is to genereally define negation from the perspective of various disciplines and to characterize the means that are used to create the negative (in Spanish and Czech). The greatest emphasis is placed on word- formation negation, that is why basic word-forming processes are defined here. In the theoretical part, the greatest attention is paid to prefixation: basic categories of prefixes are described with emphasis on negative prefixes. The second part focuses on the research which is based on the work with the language corpus and subsequently the questionnaire, which was created for the purpose of the work. The aim of the practical part is to discover some specifics in the behaviour of individual negative prefixes (a-, des-, in-, anti- and contra-) and their possible interchangeability. Subsequently conclusions are drawn from this part, following the theoretical part and completing the overall view of lexical negation in Spanish.
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The Function of the Paradigm HE HABLADO in Different Areas of the Spanish-Speaking World
Stoček, Martin ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with various uses of the paradigm HE HABLADO in different areas of the Spanish-Speaking world. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Concerning the theoretical part, I focus in general on Spanish past tenses which I consider relevant for this thesis, I further explain the contrast between terms aspect, perfective and perfect, then I examine differences between HE HABLADO and HABLÉ paradigms using various grammar books and I also divide the Spanish-speaking world into various areas. Moreover, in the theoretical part I describe possibilities of interpretation of the paradigm HE HABLADO from the perspective of The Royal Spanish Academy. In the practical part, I analyse examples of the Spanish present perfect in each of the seven zones I define in the theoretical part. To do so, I use my own sub-corpora created by extracting a certain number of results from the CORPES XXI corpus. In these sub-corpora, I examine the general frequency of occurrences as well as assigning the results to individual interpretations and I also analyse different examples. The findings and results obtained are further supported in some cases by secondary analyses on CEMC, CORPES XXI or Corpus Del Español corpora. Key words Spanish, corpus study, present perfect, past simple, paradigm,...
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Use of Mood in Relative Clauses in Spanish (with Reference to Czech)
Součková, Tereza ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the use of mood in relative clauses in Spanish and its translations to Czech. The aim of the research, by means of analysis of language corpora, is firstly to find out if the everyday language used in these clauses corresponds to the norms of Spanish grammar, and secondly to observe Czech translations, particularly if the subjunctive is situated in the Spanish relative clause. General conclusions are drawn from these observations.
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Selected Anglicisms in Spanish
Brož, Stanislav ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the adaptation of Anglicisms in Spanish. It consists of a theoretical part dealing with Anglicisms in general and assimilation processes that occur during their incorporation into Spanish, and of a practical part which contains a corpus analysis of variants of selected Anglicisms, divided into groups according to the termination. The last chapter generalizes the results of the analysis and describes the current state of usage of the original and assimilated variants of the words. The main aim of the work was to generally map the process of adaptation of Anglicism and consequently the occurrence of variants of selected representatives. According to the results of the analysis, it can be said that almost every Anglicism is used in more forms, the predominant one depends on the particular word.
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Spanish Scalar Verbal Periphrases and their equivalents in Czech
Rapáňová, Lenka ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with Spanish verbal scalar periphrases and their equivalents in Czech. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, first I define the concept of verbal periphrase from the viewpoint of various authors of grammar books and then I try to bring this situation closer to the Czech language. At the end of this part I characterize the selected scalar verbal periphrases with which I will continue to work. In the practical part, I first analyze the frequency of occurrence of the periphrases and Spanish verbs with which they are most often connected. This analysis is done using the corpus CORPES XXI. Then I focus on possible translations of these periphrases into Czech by using the parallel corpus InterCorp. Key words scalar verbal periphrasis, Spanish, Czech, corpus InterCorp
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Durational Verbal Periphrases in Spanish
Šandová, Dana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
In my bachelor thesis, I focused on description and explanation of Spanish verbal durational periphrases and also on the analysis of possible equivalents in Czech. At first, I explained the term of the nature of verbal action, because this term is for understanding the durability of verbal periphrases crucial. I also explained the difference between the Czech and the Spanish verbal aspect and then I focused on the individual periphrases, mostly on the periphrases of durability and their division into two basic groups: global and partial; their explanation and description of the properties. In the theoretical part, I devoted myself to individual periphrases, of which I mostly focused on durational periphrases and their division into two basic groups: global and partial; their explanation and description of the characteristics. In the practical part I worked first with the Spanish corpus CREA, where I analyzed 4 individual periphrases according to number of occurrences and layouts in documents by topic. Then I analyzed their Czech counterparts in the InterCorp corpus, in one hundred different occurrences of the given periphrases. First of all, I compared the periphrases with partial durability (seguir + gerundium) and distributive (andar + gerundium), and then periphrases with partial durability...
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Venga, anda, vaya : grammaticalized imperatives in the contemporary Spanish
Žežulková, Jana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe the gramaticalized imperatives in Spanish and to define their function in the comunication. The thesis consists of two parts - the theoretical and the practical one. The theoretical part is focused on the description of the differences between the traditional imperative and the gramaticalized one. It deals with the gramaticalization process and its gradual phases which entail many phonetic and morphosyntactic changes. One of the most important aspects is the description of how the imperatives lose their original meaning and gain the new signification in the comunication process; the comparison of the grade of gramaticalization and the chase in menaning of each one. The practical part is focused on four imperatives which are supposed to be the most gramaticalized - anda, venga, vaya and vamos. Firstly, they are described and defined in various kinds of comunication context; secondly, they are compared with the Czech version in the parallel linguistic corpus Intercorp. The purpose is to find the Czech equivalents, what is the Czech expression of the meaning of the Spanish gramaticalized imperatives and the way of their contribution to formulation of the pragmatic meaning of the statement. Key words: Spanish - imperative - grammaticalized imperatives - pragmatics...
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Specifics of language in flamenco lyrics
Miltová, Barbora ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Mištinová, Anna (referee)
This Bachelor Thesis deals with a theoretical description of phonetic and lexical charasteristics that appear in flamenco lyrics. For many inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula and also for visitors who have visited this area, flamenco represents one of main symbols of Spain. For Andalusians flamenco symbolizes more than that. Andalusians don't percieve flamenco as a denomination of a musical genre, as a fusion of traditional Spanish folk music and dance, but for them it represents one of the most authentic ways of perceiving, feeling and interpretation of life and world. This Bachelor Thesis is divided into three main chapters. Each of them is aiming to examine flamenco from different perspective. The first chapter focuses on history, description of basic styles and explanation of the term flamenco itself. The following chapters deal with linguistic description of various language components from which flamenco lyrics are composed, that means Andalusian Spanish, Caló and Germanía. Theoretical description of linguistic phenomena is subsequently documented on examples from selected songs, most of which come from work of Spanish folklorist Antonio Machado y Álvarez, Colección de cantes flamencos: recogidos y anotados por Demófilo.
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Spanish of Yucatán
Fantová, Tereza ; Mištinová, Anna (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This work is dedicated to the study of the dialect of Spanish at Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico). The work is divided into three sections. In the first part, the basic concepts related to the subject of the work are delimited. The second part focuses on the evolution of Spanish and Amerindian languages in Mexico, as well it includes the linguistic situation at Yucatan Peninsula and characterizes the Mayan languages. As for the third part, it consists of the analysis of Spanish of Yucatan, it includes descriptions of characteristics of phonetics, morphology and lexicology. The work emphasizes the influence of Mayan language on the dialect.
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