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Extent and characteristics of alpine wetland in the Amazon River headstream area
Svoboda, Jan ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Engel, Zbyněk (referee)
The Amazon River headstream was defined on the basis of the Hatun Mayu 2000 expedition results. It is the water catchment area of Apacheta and Carhuasanta streams down to their confluence in the Lloqueta River in the Cordillera Chila. The characteristic feature of these streams and their tributaries is the presence of the wetlands dominated by Distichia Muscoides. This plant here and elsewhere in the High Andean wetlands creates up to several meters of peat deposits. These deposits slow down and block waterways, causing wide wetland spreading. This specific alpine habitat, called bofedales, is crucial for the survival of a number of animal and plant species as well as for people living in these inhospitable areas. Defining these wetlands is one of the important steps to understanding what role these wetlands have in nature, as well as protecting them, as they appear to be very sensitive to environmental changes. Due to the isolation of the Amazon headstream the Remote Sensing Methods seem to be ideal for defining them. Keywords: Amazon River headstream area, bofedales, wetlands, remote sensing, NDVI, NDMI
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Inventory and analysis of risky geomorphological processes in the Chilean part of Patagonia
Chotěborová, Markéta ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Engel, Zbyněk (referee)
Area of interest of this bachelor thesis is part of Chilean Patagonia. It is spread across the Chilean regions of Los Lagos, Aysén and Magallanes. The local environment is influenced by several phenomena, which act separately and predominantly together. Local tectonic processes, especially the subduction of the Nazca Plate under the South American Plate, affect the risky processes of earthquakes (and subsequent tsunamis and landslides) and volcanism. The tectonics also contributed to the creation of a local relief, which, together with the climate (and its changes), also affected the specific type of floods called Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF). These geomofphological processes take place on earth for millions of years, but some of them became to be risky at the moment people began settling in territory of their influence. Keywords: risk geomorphological processes, Patagonia, earthquake, tsunami, volcanism, landslides, GLOF
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EVOLUTION OF ICEFALL IN LABSKÁ ROKLE RAVINE DURING 2014-2016
Švec, Matěj ; Engel, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Šťastná, Petra (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to characterize the Labská rokle creek icefall in terms of its morphology and types of ice structures. It describes the icefall's development during the winter season and analyses the impact of meteorological factors. The data about the icefall's volume were collected via sequential photographing and 3D scanner measuring during the winter seasons 2014/15 and 2015/16. The collected data were compared with the data from temperature sensors situated below the icefall and in its close proximity and with the data from the meteorological station in Labská bouda hut. The given icefall showed a very fast growth in the first phase of its development. This phase was followed by a typically stable phase of small fluctuations and subtle reactions to surrounding stimuli. In the third phase, a rapid decline in volume occurred as a result of either episodic events, such as when a larger piece of ice came loose, or progressive thawing. Regarding the factors, it was confirmed that temperature had the biggest impact on the volume of the icefall. A very high correlation was also found to be between the icefall's volume and the height of snow. A bigger snow height apparently puts off the stable phase and allows a greater accumulation of ice. The impact of global radiation and sunlight...
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Recent development of Ferdinandbreen valley glacier in Petuniabukta (Svalbard)
Tomíček, Jiří ; Engel, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Nývlt, Daniel (referee)
Svalbard archipelago is located halfway between the Northern coast of Norway and the North Pole. About 60 % of Svalbard area is covered by glaciers of many types, from small cirque to large ice caps. Retreat of most glaciers in Svalbard has been recorded since the Little Ice Age at the end of the 19th century. Deglaciation of Svalbard landscape is connected with significant changes of natural environment, such as changes of erosion and acumulation processes, climate change or beginning of vegetation succession. This thesis aims to establish the elementary glaciological parameters of valley glacier Ferdinandbreen located in Petuniabukta, central part of Spitsbergen, by analyzing remote sensing data and field GPR and (d)GPS survey and evaluate it's evolution between 1960 - 2014. Glacier's length and area have been based on aerial imagery of years 1960, 1990, 2009 and GPS measurements in 2014. Ice thickness and volume have been derived from GPR measurements. The length of the glacier in 2014 was 1,401 km, area 0,560 km2 and volume 6 561 684 m3 . The maximum measured ice thickness in 2014 was 42,5 m. During the period 1960 - 2014, the length of the glacier had been reduced by 45 % and area by 69 %, ice thickness had been reduced by 23,5 m during the period 1990 - 2014. Recorded retreats of length, area...
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Formation conditions of debris flow on 15.5. 2014 in Smutná valley (Western Tatra mts.)
Dlabáčková, Tereza ; Engel, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Vilímek, Vít (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to determinate conditions what trigger debris flow on 15. 5. 2014 in Smutna valley (Western Tatra Mts.). Statistical method 4σ and additional global and local event duration model and local event precipitation model were used. Derived values with thresholds based on these models were compared. Geomorphological mapping of debris flow using GPS was made. Another base characteristics of debris flow werefound out, e.g. areal debris accumulation or leeves, wide and depth of debris flow path. Derived rainfall values from 4σ model, event-duration model and event precipitation model was exceeded. Debris flow with it's lenght belongs to more extensive debris flows, but e.g. path widht is common in Western Tatra Mts. Keywords: landslide, debris flow, threshold, Western Tatra Mts.
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Variability in snow cover conditions at the Čertova louka and the Modré sedlo sites (Krkonoše Mts) during the period 2003-2013
Tryzna, Vojtěch ; Engel, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Jeníček, Michal (referee)
This work summarizes one decade of spatial snow cover distribution research on the highest plateau of Eastern Krkonoše. This research was done in respect to periglacial landforms, which develop on these localities. The research was carried out during winter seasons 2003/2004 until 2012/2013 on Čertova louka meadow and Modré sedlo saddle. The main goal of the study was to analyze spatial snow depth variability during the season. Next goal was to analyze of possible interaction of snow distribution between both localities.The measurement was carried out manually by snow probe within regular net of 141 points. Our data were further compared with snow depth on professional meteorological station near Luční bouda chalet and with regular measurements of mountain rescue guards. As the main indicator of spatial snow distribution during the season was calculated general variability index. The highest values of snow depth were regularly reached at central terrain depression at Čertova louka meadow (max. 570 cm). On the other hand the lowest values were reached on the edge of Modré sedlo saddle (min. 35 cm). The difference between those two localities is also documented by values of general variability index for Čertova louka meadow (97) and for Modré sedlo saddle (33). The greatest values were usually...
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