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The characterization and prediction of stationary phase properties used in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for sampling of volatile organic compounds in air samples and the development of a new type of needle concentrator (INCAT) for sampling of BTEX from aqueous samples
Přikryl, Petr ; Ševčík, Jiří (advisor) ; Feltl, Ladislav (referee) ; Komárek, Karel (referee) ; Leníček, Jan (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE, PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA Katedra analytické chemie CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE, FACULTY OF SCIENCE Department of Analytical Chemistry CHARAKTERIZACE A PREDIKCE VLASTNOSTÍ STACIONÁRNÍCH FÁZÍ POUŽÍVANÝCH PŘI MIKROEXTRAKCI NA TUHOU FÁZI (SPME) PRO VZORKOVÁNÍ TĚKAVÝCH ORGANICKÝCH LÁTEK V OVZDUŠÍ A VÝVOJ NOVÉHO TYPU JEHLOVÉHO KONCENTRÁTORU (INCAT) PRO VZORKOVÁNÍ BTEX Z VODNÝCH VZORKŮ THE CHARACTERIZATION AND PREDICTION OF STATIONARY PHASE PROPERTIES USED IN SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION (SPME) FOR SAMPLING OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN AIR SAMPLES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TYPE OF NEEDLE CONCENTRATOR (INCAT) FOR SAMPLING OF BTEX FROM AQUEOUS SAMPLES Souhrn doktorské disertační práce Summary of the Ph.D. Thesis Praha 2008 Mgr. Petr Přikryl Disertační práce byla vypracována na Katedře analytické chemie, PřF UK v Praze v letech 2000-2008. Uchazeč/Candidate: Mgr. Petr Přikryl Adres/Address: Katedra analytické chemie Hlavova 2030/8 Praha 2 CZ12843 Email: petr.prikryl@lf1.cuni.cz Obor/Branch: Analytická chemie Školitel/Advisor: Prof. Ing. Jiří Ševčík, DrSc. - 3 - 1. Úvod Analýza mnoha environmentálních polutantů je velmi často obtížná vzhledem ke komplexnosti vzorkovaných matric, a také protože povolené obsahy polutantů v jednotlivých složkách životního prostředí (vzduch, voda, půda)...
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Application of municipal and regional legislation in ligt of their right to self-government
Ševčík, Jakub ; Wintr, Jan (advisor) ; Tryzna, Jan (referee)
57 Aplikace právních předpisů obcí a krajů ve světle práva na jejich samosprávu Abstrakt: Tématem práce jsou podzákonné právní předpisy vydávané územními samosprávnými celky a především otázka jejich aplikace. Obecné soudy jsou dle článku 95 Ústavy oprávněny samy posoudit soulad podzákonného předpisu se zákonem. Autor se v práci zabývá otázkou, jak mají postupovat správní orgány, pokud se dostanou do obdobné situace. Autor v práci shrnuje dosavadní diskusi k vázanosti správního orgánu podzákonnými právními předpisy a rozšiřuje ji o úvahy ve vztahu k podzákonným právním předpisům, které vydávají územní samosprávy. Dochází k závěru, že Čl. 95 odst. 1 Ústavy je třeba vykládat tak, že shledá-li správní orgán, že je k tomu oprávněn, smí při vydání rozhodnutí neaplikovat podzákonný právní předpis územně samosprávného celku. Je zohledněn mezinárodněprávní dopad, především dopad do práva Evropské unie. Autor položenou otázku poměřuje s judikaturou Nejvyššího správního soudu, dle které je správní orgán povinen při své činnosti posuzovat soulad vnitrostátního práva, které aplikuje, s právem Evropské unie. A dále rozvádí úvahy, jaké má tato judikatura dopady na řešené téma. V neposlední řadě jsou v práci nastíněny úvahy de lege ferenda, jak se vypořádat se situací, ve které by stát způsobil a následně uhradil škodu...
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Validation of snow cover forecast by numerical weather prediction model ALADIN
Ševčík, Jáchym ; Žák, Michal (advisor) ; Karlický, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with forecast of snow cover made by the numerical weather predic- tion model ALADIN and with snow cover measurements. First, it describes the model parametrization of snow-related variables. This is followed by a description of the mete- orological stations network and of the snow measurements methodology. The main focus of the thesis lies on the validation of snow depth and snow water equivalent forecasts. This is done by comparison of measurements from the winter season 2021/2022 against corresponding ALADIN forecasts with forecast ranges of 6 and 30 hours. The comparison is first made with regard to the overall tendency and the magnitude of the model error. Secondly, it deals with model frequency of snow cover misses or false alarms. Finally, the thesis touches upon the validation of snow density forecast. 1
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Back to the Future: Developing an On-Board System for a Vintage Motorcycle
Sevcik, Jan ; Juran, Radovan
This paper describes complex design of a prototypeof an on-board system for older motorcycle for measuring itsoperational characteristics. The birth of the idea is described,followed by explanation of characteristics measured by thesystem, principles of their measurement, and processing the datafor visualization on a display. The system is designed with theaim of the most minimal intervention into the construction ofthe motorcycle, but being easy to reproduce and durable enoughfor a real deployment and use while riding the motorcycle.
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Design of the on-board system for a motorcycle
Ševčík, Jan ; Benešl, Lukáš (referee) ; Juráň, Radovan (advisor)
This work deals with the design and construction of an on-board computer for a vintage Jawa motorcycle. The design combines measuring sensors of our own design and those commonly available on the market, a main control board of our own design and assembly without interfering with the structure of the motorcycle. The system is considered for mounting on the Jawa 250/592 motorcycle, with some parts from other motorcycles, allowing for easier fitting. ESP32 from Espresiff is used as a microcontroller, which is placed in the tank of the motorcycle and displays the measured data on the LCD display. The system also allows you to control the entire motorcycle, such as enabling starting or turning on the lights
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Design of shaped springs for mechanical resonators
Ševčík, Jakub ; Kšica, Filip (referee) ; Hadaš, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the design of a structural flexible member for mechanical resonators. Such designed member could find application as part of a vibration generator system. Vibration generators are used to power sensors where it is not easy to supply electrical energy, especially in railway transportation, specifically in monitoring the condition of tracks. This thesis provides an overview of current constructions of vibration generators, drawing inspiration for the subsequent design of the flexible component of the mechanical resonator. Subsequently, a suitable construction is created to ensure proper functioning of the resonator at frequencies ranging from 15 to 50 Hz. The design takes into account the manufacturing process using laser cutting and 3D printing. Two versions are created, where the first is suitable for laser cutting, and the second is suitable for 3D printing. The designed flexible components are then kinematically excited, and their maximum deflection at the resonant frequency is determined using the Ansys and Simulink software. Lastly, a spring suitable for 3D printing is manufactured. Its maximum deflection and the maximum generated power are determined. At an acceleration of 1 m/s2, the system achieves a deflection of 0.5 mm, and the generated power in this case is 0.035 mW. With increasing acceleration, the pover values can reach up to 0.8 mW.
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Optimization of concentration determination of degrdation products of uracil via LC-MS
Kavale, Gustav ; Ševčík, Jan (advisor) ; Míšek, Jiří (referee)
In the Czech Republic, tens of thousands of oncology patients undergo treatment based on fluoropyrimidines every year. Many of these patients suffer from negative side effects that can even have a fatal impact. Currently, the best described factor in the cause of the toxicity of fluoropyrimidines is the activity of the pyrimidine catabolism enzyme - dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Due to the high frequency of pathogenic mutations in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene, the extreme risk of toxicity affects hundreds of patients in the Czech Republic every year. For this reason, the "European Medical Agency" has issued a recommendation to carry out investigations for the possible occurrence of toxic effects before starting treatment. One of the diagnostic options for determining sensitivity to fluorouracil is metabolomic analysis, based on the quantification of degradation products of uracil metabolism in plasma using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The goal of this work is to perform basic optimization of mass spectrometer parameters for quantification of selected degradation products of uracil metabolism. Keywords: Uracil, Fluoruracil, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry
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Advanced extraction materials for sample preparation in chromatographic analysis
Zatrochová, Slavomíra ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Solich, Petr (referee) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Training Workplace Department of Analytical Chemistry Doctoral Degree Program Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate Mgr. Slavomíra Zatrochová Supervisor Prof. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, Ph.D. Advisor PharmDr. Ivona Lhotská, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Advanced extraction materials for sample preparation in chromatographic analysis The submitted dissertation presents an annotated set of publications focusing on advanced extraction materials in analytical chemistry and their prospective use as sorbents in sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis. The work was created based on the cooperation with the Technical University of Liberec and the University of Valencia in Spain. In the first part, a new sorbent based on a hybrid monolith with a metal-organic framework (MOF) was developed for conventional Teflon-coated magnetic stir bars, and the resulting hybrid monolith was evaluated as a stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) sorbent for the extraction of estrogens in water and urine samples. In the second part, the work was focused on nanofibrous and microfibrous polymers and the production of fibers by alternating current (AC) electrospinning. The extraction efficiency, selectivity and stability of different polymer nanofibers were tested. The...
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Nano-fibers as a modern extraction sorbents for extraction of samples in chromatographic analysis
Raabová, Hedvika ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee) ; Ventura, Karel (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Training workplace Department of Analytical Chemistry Doctoral degree program Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate Mgr. Hedvika Raabová Supervisor prof. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, Ph.D. Advisor assoc. prof. PharmDr. Lucie Chocholoušová Havlíková, Ph. D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Nanofibers as modern extraction sorbents for sample extraction in chromatographic analysis Extraction techniques represent one of the most common approaches to sample handling. The analytes of interest can be isolated easily even from complex matrices, especially by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Therefore, this technique became very popular and routinely used in laboratories. The variety of commercially available sorbents has made this method even more attractive. Nevertheless, the new sorbent materials are still looked for because of the broadening spectrum of analyzed substances and the increasing demands on selectivity and extraction efficiency. Nanomaterials have been increasingly associated with these properties over the last ten years. Therefore, they are receiving more and more attention related to extraction procedures. The dissertation thesis is focused on the application of nanofibrous polymers as innovative sorbents for solid-phase extraction. First, the...
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