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Patterns of mephedrone use in Kadaň and its surroundings: a qualitative study
Scherberová, Jana ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Běláčková, Vendula (referee)
Background: In few last years we can see a rise of use of a new psychoactive substances, not only in population of problem users, but in the general population, too. These substances mimic the affects of illegal drugs and using them can cause simmilar risks as using illegal drugs (EMCDDA, 2009c). The most commonly used new psychoactive substance is mephedrone. In last 4 years mephedrone has spread very fast in the european drug market, especially in Great Britain (Zaostřeno na drogy 4, 2010), where mephedrone became the 6th most popular drug in 2010 (Kuchař in Kalina et al., 2015). Prevalence researches of mephedrone have not been realized yet in Czech republic, but research made by National monitoring center focused on internet users in 2001 shows that from 1091 respondents in age range of 15 to 35, 50 have used new psychoactive substances. This 50 respondents and other 101 recruited by snowball sampling have participated in follow-up research, one third of this respondents have used mephedrone. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe patterns of use of mephedrone among its users in Kadaň and its surroundings. Emphasis is mainly placed on patterns of users bahavior from purchasing to aplication of mephedrone, what the intoxication looks like, which motives leads users to mephedrone use and with...
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Prevalence of substance use in 2nd grade practical school students in the Usti Region
Dvorská, Kateřina ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pavlovská, Amalie (referee)
Background Risk behavior for pupils practical school of the second grade and their access to addictive substances. Formulation of objectives or research questions To map the prevalence, frequency and types of drugs used by pupil practical school of the second grade in Usti Region using the following research questions: What is the prevalence of certain other drugs by pupils? How pupils gain an addictive substance? What is the reason most pupils tested addictive substance? Description of the methods used Data were collected for pupils practical school of the second grade in Usti Region using quantitative method in the form an anonymous questionnaire with a total of 14 those questions, 11 of them were taken from the ESPAD ((European School Survey Project study on alcohol and other drugs). The first free questions characterizing sex, year of age was created by author. The obtained data were processed processed by descriptive statistics based on an analysis of responses according to the research questions. The main results From the research shows that the most commonly used substances include marijuana. Furthermore, respondents most often come into contact with drugs in a group of friends, which is the most common reason why respondents used an addictive substance. Recommendations The results of this...
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Characteristics of users of online self-help program for people with alcohol misuse
Mištová, Anna ; Vondráčková, Petra (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
INTRODUCTION: This thesis deals with the topic of psychological online counseling/psychotherapy and their possibilities of use in relation to therapy and treatment of alcohol misuse. There are different types and forms of psychological online counseling/psychotherapy presented in the text, whereas particular attention is paid mainly to online self-help programs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the practical part of this work was an analysis of the data, available in online self-help program for persons with alcohol misuse, which is from 2012 included in Addictology, the first Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague within the Internet counseling. The thesis analyzes the basic socio-demographic data of registered users and their activity within the self-help program in the research questions. METHOD: Data analysis was performed by entirely anonymous conditions in form of quantitative descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis of the individuals dependent on each other. FILE: The research group consisted of 142 users of the program, of that number there was 47.2% of women and 52.8% of men. The most of the number were age categories from 25 to 34 years and from 34 to 45. RESULTS: The data analysis showed that online self-help program was used by all potential socio-demographic groups. These...
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Spirituality and substatnce use among students of the high school Česká Třebová: questionnaire survey
Pávek, Jan ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Background: Within the treatment of addiction, spirituality is included in the bio-psycho- socio-spiritual model, where, compared to others parts of this model, it is the least described and examined component, a fact which is reflected in the status and treatment of patients with a certain type of psychiatric illness. Spirituality is different for every individual person; everyone perceives it differently and reaches different dimensions, whether measurable or only experiential. Objective: The objective of this research was to probe and describe the perception of spirituality among Česká Třebová High School students and it's relation to the experience of using drugs. Other individual objectives were to determine whether the spirituality factors are related to the experience of using specific drugs and whether there is a relation between drug usage and information technology, which is widespread among the schoolage youths. Methodology: The theoretical part focuses on spirituality in general, which is very broad and affects a lot of subjects, and perspectives thereon of other specific scientific fields. A total of 120 respondents from 6 classes of Česká Třebová Grammar School were involved in the research, which was quantitative in format. In total, 120 students were asked to complete...
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Patterns of nicotine use among electronic cigarette smokers
Srpová, Marta ; Janíková, Barbara (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
BACKGROUNDS: Electronic cigarettes have recently become widely used as means of harm reduction. However, according to assistant professor Kralikova, improper use of electronic cigarette can easily lead to an overdose and may even increase nicotine addiction. There has not been an implemented research yet in czech republic that would have been mapping the use of nicotine among the electronic cigarette smokers aged more than 18. AIMS: The aim of this work is to describe the patterns of use of nicotine among electronic cigarette smokers. Emphasis was placed on the motivation of the smoker to its use, to describe the scheme its use and to determine whether electronic cigarette smokers habits have not changed any way in relation to smoking. It also examined subjective perception of possible risks, advantages and disadvantages of electronic cigarettes. METHODS: Data were collected using a questionnaire, which had an online and paper version. The research sample was chosen as purposeful selection. Descriptive statistics were used for the evaluation of the results and final results were accompanied by statements of respondents. RESULTS: The patterns of use of nicotine electronic cigarette smokers were described. They used EC for more than two years (42.96%), and began to use it to reduce the risks of...
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Influence of ex-user's experience on therapeutic work with clients in addiction treatment: a qualitative study
Kolitsch, Karel ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Libra, Jiří (referee)
In this thesis I deal with the influence of personal lived experience of ex-users on their therapeutic work with the clients in addiction treatment. The personal experience in this case is meant an experience with the substance abuse or playing on the slot machines which led to addiction. For this work it is also important the personal experience of following treatment of addictive behavior by ex-uers themself. In the theoretical part I address the former career of ex-user in addiction services, the role of ex-user in the therapeutic team, the motivation of ex-user to work with addicted clients, but also the opportunities of his education and anchoring the work of ex-user in the Standards of services for drug users and pathological players. As the goal of the practical part I set myself to describe how the ex-user's own experiences with addiction and its treatment participate when working with clients. Besides this main objective I am also dealing with ex-user's motivation for his work, the potential risks, the impact of education on the work of ex-users and also the relationship between ex- user and his colleagues. To answer the research questions I used a semi-structured interview. To analyze the text I used the techniques of text colouring and encoding, allowing the final analysis,...
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Biomechanical aspects of babywearing
Rutová, Pavla ; Vacek, Jan (advisor) ; Mende, Karel (referee)
The subject of my bachelor thesis is "Biomechanical aspects of babywearing". Babywearing is generally considered to be an alternative method and many people hold the opininion, that it is harmfull to children. This is the reason why I've decided to objectively evaluate this issue. The main aim of my thesis is to analyse different opinions and study different ways of babywearing with possible impact on health. My thesis is divided into three main parts. The first of them is comprised of ten chapters, which are dedicated to the term babywearing itself, history of babywearing and different products for babywearing. One of the chapters deals with the question, which children are supposed to be worn this way. The second part consists of four chapters about the ways how to wrap the scarf. And finally as for the last part of this thesis, it is divided into five chapters. This part concerns the positive and negative consequences of babywearing, which were published in an official statement of Czech Pediatric Association. Moreover I've decided to add various researches from foreign countries.
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The Relapse of Alcohol Abuse and Quality of Life After a Ortotopic Liver Transplant
Česneková, Magdalena ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Drastich, Pavel (referee)
Foundations: Alcohol consumption affects negatively the whole organism and the organ that is damaged most often is liver. Liver diseases start developing subsequently. A whole range of diseases, from the lighter forms such as steatosis to a serious, life-shortening illness - the liver cirrhosis, can be caused by alcohol consumption. The degree of alcohol impact on liver depends on its dosage and length of usage. The degree of liver damage does not depend on the kind of the alcoholic drink but rather on its dosage. An important role in development of serious forms of liver diseases is played by other risk factors (mostly genetic) besides volume of consumed alcohol (Schiff et al, 2007). Therapeutic procedures for people with alcoholic liver damages include above all change of lifestyle including abstinence from alcohol consumption, ideally complete abstinence from cigarette smoking, weight reduction if indicated, and nutritional and farmacological therapy. Liver transplant surgery is required in serious cases. The main aim of my thesis is to chart and describe whether the quality of patients' everyday lives improves after liver transplant. In particular, I intend to focus on the physical, mental, and social areas of their lives. Another objective of this paper is to find out whether the patients'...
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Motivation to participate in gambling and its meaning in life of young men: qualitative research
Gutkaisová, Lucie ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matoušek, Petr (referee)
Background: Gambling games are evolving areas of pathological behavior, which, moreover, thanks to technological progress, take other forms. Not only in the context of the modern technologies are emerging young people engaged in gambling, who may represent a latent risk across the entire company. Aims: The main objective of the study is to trace the use of qualitative research methods motivation of young players to participate in a gambling game. A related goal is to identify the primary impulse for the first gambling game, subjectively perceived gains and losses from the game, the development of a hazardous and comparison of the motives of the young men with varying degrees of problem gambling game. Methods: Respondents were collecting method using snowballs. Subsequently, the semistructured interviews were made with them. Further was all participants presented the record sheet showing the socio-demographic differences, and a questionnaire SOGS to determine the extent of the problem with the gambling game. Research file: File the research consists of a total of 10 male respondents aged from 18 to 26 years old. The average age is 23,1 years (the youngest 18, the oldest 26 years). The most participants have secondary education, while half of the respondents currently studying and less than half are...
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The relationship among alcohol use, burnout syndrome and quality of life in paramedical staff: correlation survey
Miartušová, Monika ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vopravil, Jiří (referee)
BACKGROUND: This study focuses on a very sensitive and underestimated topic of drug addiction among medical staff. There is necessary interdisciplinary approach, focusing on psychosocial and environmental factors involved in the etiology of addiction among medical staff. The profession of paramedical staff demands to work with people and responsibility for their lives, so it is important that this work must be performed by a person in mental and physical well-being for performing adequate quality of care. Despite the awareness and exploration of burnout syndrome, the occurrence is still a current issue. Manifested mainly as a reaction to the working stress (Kebza, Šolcová, 2004). This working stress may penetrate also into the overall quality of life (Křivohlavý, 2013). Frequent helper in the stages of burnout syndrome is drinking alcohol, which shows the effects of antidepressants, which can be progress to alcoholism in certain situations (Ühlinger, 2009). OBJECTIVES: The research objective of this study is to determine the relation between alcohol consumption, occurrence of burnout syndrome and subjective evaluation of life quality among paramedical staff working in the hospital. METHODS: The study was performed by quantitative form and realized through standardized psychological instruments:...
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