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Applicability and carry-over of tax losses, compared with the rules of the selected EU countries.
Fuksová, Barbara ; Říhová, Lucie (advisor) ; Vančurová, Alena (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to capture the development of legal regulations of a deduction of tax losses and its practical application and to compare the current legislation in the Czech Republic with the selected countries of the European Union. The thesis has character of qualitative research. The first three chapters contain descriptive research, which draws primarily from the legislative sources. The last part includes comparative analysis based on the information from Ernst &Young about the corporate taxation in the EU. The comparison shows that the Czech Republic with its terms does not significantly differ from the rest of the EU. Conditions for the deduction of the tax losses in individual countries are various but we can find their common features. Almost all member states have certain restrictive conditions, which are designed to prevent abuse of the deduction of the tax losses in the economically unjustified cases. Individual circumstances vary only in the form but their purpose is identical. The comparison also shows that there are elements that may limit the overuse of the deduction of the tax losses and stabilize the revenue of the public budgets. But the Czech Republic does not use these elements.
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Tax Measures during the Crisis 2008 - 2010
Kostohryz, Jiří ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
The goal of this work is to analyse advantages and limits of tax measures taken to fight the crisis in period 2008 to 2010. In this work are motives and consequences (economic stimulation vs. needed state budget income) described. To achieve the goal of this work next methods were used: literature review, analysis, comparison and deduction. The research is focused on tax measures taken to fight the crisis all over the world, then specially in the Czech Republic. The comparison of most frequent tax measures in EU and OECD shows the tendency to take the advantage of stimulation effect of lowering taxes (mostly corporate income tax and taxation of labour). In the analysis of concrete measures economic and tax theory, historical and foreign experience were used. Finally the tax measures taken in the Czech Republic are similar to the main stream all over the world. The Czech anti-crisis measures are focused on lowering taxes more than on government expenditures increasing. In 2009 we can see a tendency to lowering taxes in the Czech Republic. On the other hand emphasis on fiscal function of taxes begins to prevail in 2010.
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Tax aspects of assignment to the Czech Republic
Zusková, Kristýna ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
The diploma thesis analyses both legislative and tax aspects of employment assignment structures. First part of diploma thesis summarises data concerning Czech and European labour migration. Second part of the document focuses on the definiton of legal framework of assignment in view of the Czech republic legislation, legislation of the European Union and partly in view of the legislation of non-EU member states. Wide legal framework finally leads to definiton of three basic possible employment structures. Two of them are described in diploma thesis in more detail. The final part of document analyses tax aspects of mentioned assignment structures. This part also refers to international social security and health insurance aspects as well as selected labour law implications. The last part ends with analysis of relevant judicature of The Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic and The Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic.
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The european legislation in relation to the exceptions granted to members of EU from the common system of VAT
Hronová, Lucie ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
The value added tax has been adapted by various legal instruments of the European community (regulations, directives, decisions etc.) which are used to harmonise this tax. Together these documents establish "the common system of VAT". The time definition of this system is not simple, because of newly ratified legal instruments that are reacting to both Community requirements and the current economical situation. At the present time, combating tax evasion is the fastest developing part of the common system. Tax evasion is significantly reducing revenues of the whole Community by reducing the revenues of single member states. Even if the European Union always places emphasis on the equal conditions for all member states in all areas of interest including claiming VAT, there are some exceptions from the common system granted for member states. The main objective of these exceptions is to take into consideration the specific conditions in each member country through special instruments added to the common VAT system. These exceptions should simplify the acceptance of the common system by all member states.
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Comparative analysis of the taxation of royalties folowing between the Czech Republic and other member states of EU
Štecherová, Eliška ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis deals with the question of how far the Member States of EU have unified the system of taxation of royalties with respect to the Czech Republic. This issue is analyzed on the basis of comparison of Conventions between Czech Republic and other member states of EU. As key comparators were used the following approaches: grammatical interpretation of conventions, the definition of royalties and the range of taxation in the state of source. In order to examine the issue of taxation of royalties, attention is also given to the definition of royalties from the Czech legislation as well as from OECD (based on the Commentary to the Model Treaty) point of view. The thesis outlines also practical approaches to taxation of royalties in various model situations.
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The R&D expenditures from tax view
Prochásková, Petra ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
Diploma thesis is concerning questions about tax inventives for research and development. Theoretical part is defining research and development and describing individual possibilities of support for research and development with emphasis on indirect support and its tools. Core of practical part is comparison of approach to R&D expenditures of research and development in selected tax systems of OECD countries and present circumstances in Czech Republic. Outcome of this thesis is several recommendations for czech tax policy in area for support for research and development.
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Place of business in tax laws
Alexiová, Karolína ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
This work aims at the problems of the place of business in tax laws, and it is divided into three parts. At the beginning this place of business is defined out of point of commercial law, in the first place out of point of the VAT law and the law of income tax with mentioning European court yard juridicature and international contracts about prevention of double taxation. Another part of this work deals with limitation of criteria and analysis of parameters important for establishing a place of business out of point of the VAT law and permanent place of business out of point of the income tax law. The last part focuses on comparison between the place of business and permanent place of business according to the chosen criteria. There is also summary concerning the establishment of the place of business out of point of two taxes and their impact on reality.
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Daňová odpisová politika v České republice a v zemích Evropské unie
Malá, Lenka ; Slavíková, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
Hlavním cílem diplomové práce je analýza odpisových politik 28 států Evropské unie, srovnání pravidel daňového odpisování a výše odpisových sazeb pro některá dlouhodobá aktiva. Na základě provedené komparativní analýzy budou stanoveny klady a zápory v přístupu k daňovému odpisování v České republice v porovnání s daňovými odpisovými politikami států Evropské unie. Ze zjištěných informací se pokusím pro Českou republiku vyslovit určitá doporučení ohledně daňového odpisování a náměty na změnu v přístupu.
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