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Alcohol - the attitudes and experiences of students of the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague
Burešová, Zdeňka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Objectives: The work is focused on finding out the extent of experienc e with alcohol among medical students. Methods: The results are based on information obtained through a structured anonymous questionnaire. 812 students from First Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague. Results: It was found that women generally achieve more favorable results in the CAGE test, which is considered to achieve a higher score than 2 ( significant indicator of problem drinking). Better results achieved in the same test medeical and dental students in comparison with other medical disciplines. Students of Medicine, drink in the second half of their studies, more than at the beginning. A fifth of students have sometimes had problems with alcohol - according to the CAGE test results. Conclusions: The medical students have many experiences with alcohol. Every fifth student was even more serious alcohol problem. Despite of this medical students achieve more favorable results as compared to other faculties as well as the general population.
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Deliberate Self-harm as a Specific Form of Addictive Behavior: A Concept of Non-substance Addiction Verification
Horová Šímová, Lucie ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
Záměrné sebepoškozování představuje nutkavé jednání, které se vyskytuje zejména v období dospívání. Právě v tomto období se zvyšuje riziko experimentování a riskování v oblasti chování. Dospívající jedinec je tak vystaven mnoha rizikům a nebezpečím, kterým musí čelit a bojovat s nimi. Není-li na tyto okolnosti jedinec předem dostatečně připraven, může jim velmi snadno podlehnout. Sebepoškozování se pak pro dospívajícího často stává nástrojem na zvládání nebezpečných vlivů a nepříjemných pocitů. Přetrvávat může i několik let a sebepoškozování tak může v mnohých případech přerůst v jakousi formu "závislosti". Cílem práce je popsat fenomén záměrného sebepoškozování jako jednu ze specifických forem návykového chování, ověřit tak koncept nelátkové závislosti a poukázat na některé společné či podobné znaky se závislostmi látkovými.
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The risk of development of dependence on technology for children at elementary schools
Činátlová, Monika ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
This text is addressed to all interested parties from the general public, especially those who develop addiction problems more involved. Work includes general information about the expansion dependencies associated with the use of various technologies. Points to the low age of users 'modern conveniences' and tries to point out that the seemingly ordinary children playing on mobile phones, video games or excessive typing text messages they may encourage the emergence of dependence. Part of this work is research-based findings of the prevalence of the use of technology to play with children at 1 elementary schools and a description of possible pathological manifestations associated with it.
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Passive in Hindi
Jelínková, Renáta ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
In my thesis I have dealed with the passive and its use in Hindi. First of all I introduce this grammatical structure to the reader from the general point of view with a focus on its position in comparison with other types of voice. I describe different kinds of passive constructions, the basic participants making up these constructions and their interrelationship. Next I focus on the morphology of passive constructions across different world languages putting stress on some specific features they can have. It was important to mention the definition of the so-called ‚basic passive' that helped me when ranking the excerpt material itself. Its analysis is preceded by a treatise of the passive in Hindi. Apart from its morphology I aimed mainly at its semantics. I base my thesis on the presumption that the passive in Hindi is unnatural and uncommon. We can encounter it more often in newspaper texts remaining one of the last domains of the passive construction in Hindi.
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Notes on proto-romani
Beníšek, Michael ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This M.A. thesis, entitled Notes on Proto-Romani, attempts to outline an introduction to research into Romani in the context of an historical and comparative linguistics of Indo-Aryan languages. It summarizes the research carried out so far, beginning with the discovery of the Indian origin of Romani and placing particular emphasis on the Turner's theory about its Central Indo-Aryan provenance. The core of the diploma paper lies in the notion of "Proto-Romani", which is here considered a label for the development between the direct Middle Indo-Aryan forerunner of Romani and Early Romani. The aim is to demonstrate ways and methods of reconstructing such development, based on the comparison of (Common) Romani with various Indo- Aryan languages and with those of the Middle Indo-Aryan period in particular. The definition is accompanied by some in-depth linguistic analyses illustrating the reconstruction of Proto-Romani development on various language levels (phonology, morphology, syntax). The final chapter pertains to etymology and lexical development, in that it tries to analyse and resolve issues concerning some words for which both an Indo-Aryan and an Iranian source have been proposed.
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Impact of English on the Modern Hindi
Svobodová, Blanka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was to provide a description of the linguistic behaviour and repertoire of the speakers of Hindi from the so-called middle-class of the capital city of Delhi, who come into contact with native speakers of English in their employment and everyday life. Therefore, the thesis starts with CHAPTER ONE, where I described and explained the methodology and material used (1.1.0), provided a definition of the middle class in India and its determinants (1.2.0.) in view to my respondents and thirdly gave a detailed insight into the multicultural and multilingual situation in Delhi (1.3.0.), where all of the respondents live. In CHAPTER TWO, I demonstrated the evolution of the language presently known as Hindi, i.e. a language that has been influenced and enriched by various cultures and languages, both from the internal sources such as the Sanskrit based words tatsama (2.1.1.), Hindi based words tadbhava (2.1.2.) and vernacular words called desi (2.2.) as well as external sources, such as Arabic (2.3.1.), Turkish (2.3.2.), Urdu (2.3.3.) or Persian (2.3.4.) and especially the linguistic influences connected with the European Colonial Powers, such as Portuguese (2.4.1.) and above all English (2.4.2.), whose influence started to be felt from the second half of the 19th century and culminated in the...
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Gerund in Hindi
Jakubovie, Katarína ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
Cieľom mojej práce je podrobne popísať slovesné podstatné meno - gerundium a jeho funkcie v súčasnej hindčine. Tento jav spadá v hindčine pod problematiku infinitívu a jeho konštrukcií. Gerundiálne konštrukcie autori v gramatikách spomínajú len okrajovo a doteraz neexistuje práca, ktorá by sa podrobne a systematicky zaoberala týmto javom a jeho využitím v súčasnej spisovnej hindčine. Gerundium sa v literatúre a bežnej konverzácii využíva veľmi často. Hindčina nemá tendenciu robiť dlhé opisné vedľajšie vety, a práve namiesto týchto viet využíva participiálne alebo infinitívne, hlavne gerundiálne, konštrukcie. Pri popise som vychádzala z rôznych dostupných gramatík hindského jazyka a príklady som vyberala z poviedok súčasných hindských autorov (Prémčand, Jašpál, Agjéj, Suníta Džainová, Móhan Rákeš atď.).1 Na excerpovanom materiáli som sa snažila popísať všetky špecifické funkcie tohoto javu. Pri popise som kvôli prehľadnosti postupovala systematicky, podľa vytriedených excerpovaných príkladov. V prvej kapitole sa venujem slovesu, hlavne použitiu jeho neurčitých tvarov a významu druhého slovesného tvaru vo vete v súčasných jazykoch a hindčine. Zameriam sa predovšetkým na použitie neurčitku a priblížim tiež gramatické termíny ako gerundium a supínum, ktoré sa vyskytovali v klasických jazykoch a mali svoj...
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