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The First Landreform in the Estates Křivoklát, Plasy and Radnice
Kaucká, Kristýna ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
1 Abstract The dissertation analyses the First Czechoslovak Land Reform on the estates Křivoklát, Plasy and Radnice. The main aim of the thesis is to understand the redistribution of land in the First Czechoslovak Republic and to evaluate its consequences. This will be achieved by comparative analysis of the allotment processes which took place on the mentioned estates. The first criterion of the comparative analysis is the behavior of The State Land Office regarding the owners of mentioned estates - Metternich (Plasy), Fürstenberg (Křivoklát) and Sternberg (Radnice). Moreover, these criteria also include economic and social impacts of the land reform on the former estates (small holdings, residual estates, industrial establishments and cultural heritage preservation). The aim of the comparative analysis is to find similarities and differences in specific negotiation strategies of the landowners with The State Land Office, which will be interpreted in the context of Czechoslovak political, diplomatic, social and economic system. One of the main research goals is to determine to what extent the purposes of land reform were successfully fulfilled (social stabilization of the countryside, disposal of inefficient estates and strengthening of small allotment). Key words: Landreform, Křivoklát, Plasy, Radnice, Estate
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International involvement in the peacebuilding process on Sri Lanka
Mojžíš, Michal ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
The final months of Sri Lankan civil war, the 26 year military campaign between the Government of Sri Lanka and the insurgent separatist organization Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, are marked by allegations of war crimes committed by both parties of the conflict, including attacks on civilians, summary executions of prisoners, enforced disappearances, restrictions on humanitarian assistance and recruitment of children. Since the attempts to put the Sri Lankan issue on the agenda of the United Nations Security Council failed on the unwillingness of China and Russia, the UN bodies in Geneva have taken a leading role in promoting the peacebuilding process on the island. The thesis aims to analyse the impact of the Geneva-based human rights bodies, in particular of the United Nations Human Rights Council, on the process of reconciliation in Sri Lanka, for which is crucial that the alleged violations of human rights in the last months of the civil war would be properly investigated and that the perpetrators would be held accountable. In order to put the activity of the UN Human Rights Council into broader context, the paper will examine the political development in Sri Lanka since the end of the civil war in 2009 as well as the failed efforts of Sri Lankan governments to launch the process of reconciliation.
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The role of international intergovernmental organizations in humanitarian crisis response: Case study
Božinovová, Anna ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010 and examines the roles of the European Union and the United Nations, two key actors in providing humanitarian aid. The aim of the thesis is to establish whether there were any differences or similarities between the EU and the UN in conducting a major relief operation in Haiti. Another goal is to examine whether the mutual cooperation between the two organizations improved the post-earthquake environment on the island. This thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter explains the concepts and key principles of a humanitarian crisis and humanitarian aid. The second examines how the EU and the UN delivers humanitarian aid. The third chapter reconstructs chronologically the Haiti earthquake and its aftermath and analyses how effective the EU and UN were and whether it had alleviated the suffering of the Haitian people. The chapter will also critically examine the cooperation between the EU and the UN.
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Human Rights Based Approach to development in practice of international non-governmental organizations
Bočková, Jana ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
Since the 1990s, the concept of development aid began to change gradually while affecting the goals, methods and ways of delivering the aid. The development projects put increased emphasis on human rights which led to the so-called Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA). The approach is supported by states, international organizations and non-governmental actors. Due to the lack of a universally accepted definiton of HRBA NGOs have come up with a wide range of different concepts. The thesis focuses first on theory and implementation of the approach. Then it follows the current approaches in practice of NGOs. At the end it examines the work of the globally renowned aid and development charity Oxfam and its application of HRBA in practice.
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Human Trafficking: the Gap between International Regulation and Enforcement
Leech, Tasha Nicole ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to provide insight as to why the number of trafficking cases and convictions is still relatively low compared to the total volume of trafficking occurring, even though the trade is increasingly addressed by international law. Through a study of trafficking itself, a summary of current international legislation, and an analysis of the implementation of said legislation this thesis will show that the gap between legislation and enforcement can be partially accounted for by a widespread failure by states to adequately address the demand for trafficked persons in their national legislation. While this is far from a complete explanation of the problem it is an important piece of the puzzle.
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Forced marriage as a reason to obtain asylum in the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights
Karpíšková, Klára ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of forced marriage in the context of obtaining asylum in one of the European countries. The issue is approached through the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Initially, the thesis focuses on the subjects of forced marriage and the European Court of Human Rights separately, and examines them from different percpectives relevant to refugee law. Subsequently, several criteria are selected that assist in analysing the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights, which concern requests for asylum based on forced marriage or its threat.
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Legal aspects of air transportation
Hercíková, Jana ; Švarc, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the legal aspects of air transportation. In the introductory chapter is presented air transportation, its advantages and disadvantages. Another chapter is devoted to the development of legislation, sources of international regulation, where is within one source characterized the delivery clauses of INCOTERMS 2010. The third chapter deals with contractual relations in air transportation and also with related agreements. In the fourth chapter is devoted to customs issues, primarily the Customs Administration of the Czech Republic and clearance of goods in export and import of basic features. The fifth chapter contains a main goal of this thesis. It examines the process of the export and import of goods between the Czech Republic and Japan on the basic of the necessary documents in practical terms. This chapter is supplemented by analysis of the development of goods transported between the Czech Republic and Japan in exports and imports over the past five years.
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Causes of genocide in Rwanda: Psychological aspects
Burešová, Jana ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Peterková, Jana (referee)
Ethnic discrimination has deep roots in Rwanda. For many dozens of years, Tutsis have been marked down as those whose task it is to rule the country and Hutus have been treated as those who have to submit to it. As time moved on, Hutu hatred had been growing steadily and resulted in coup d'état in 1959 and consequent persecutions of Tutsis. However, hidden grudge lingered on. The pretext for its revival was the RPF incursion into the country at the beginning of nineties. The invasion also became one of the major preconditions of the fastest genocide in history. This thesis aims to pinpoint actors with direct and also indirect influence, to specify their motives, to assess implications of their decisions and on the grounds of this all to divide them into groups of perpetrators, bystanders and rescuers. The identification of psychological aspects of Hutu perpetrators was made with intent to analyse the process of Us-Them thinking with its typical features and consequences and the process of dehumanization with particular emphasis on its linguistic forms. In connection with that, this thesis points out crucial importance of Rwandan media of hate which determined anti-Tutsi propaganda to a considerable extent.
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