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Culture of Renaissance Clothing and Present Times
Brabcová, Růžena ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the clothing culture of the Renaissance in Europe - particularly the clothing style of Italy, England and Spain at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries and its influence on the costumes of contemporary groups that are engaged in leisure-time amateur fencing or historical period's dance and similar activities. Framework provides a description of both female and male way of clothing. This paper seeks to analyze the generation, rules and features a stylized contemporary costume, and the final chapter also compares the two versions of period costumes, based on long-term participant observation and qualitative field research.
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Folk cuisine in the Podkrkonoší region - history and present
Šteflová, Petra ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
The study is focused on the historical development of the folk cuisine in the Podkrkonoší region and its current state. It is based on the knowledge of the professional literature and mainly on the long-termed research in-situ. It describes the main factors of this process, thus the natural, technical and socio-cultural conditions, which influent the structure and procedure of the alimentation. The conclusion of the study analyses the contemporary state of the folk cuisine in the described region.
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The outlook and function of Chod folk costume in the past and nowadays
Kalousová, Lucie ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
The district of Chodsko ranks a very special position, considered from the point of view of evolution of the traditional clothing in the area of Bohemia. Although the men traditional costumes were put away during the 19th century, the women traditional costumes evolved and formed on, and the purposes of their use adopted up to recent times. The top form of the women festive traditional clothing from the half of the 19th century retained until these days, even though it might be seen only by help of ethnographic groups and on very rare occasions. The Postřekov sleeves, a slightly modernized form of a traditional costume that arised in 20's of the 20th century, are put on exclusively on balls or during the shroving season. The Postřekov sleeves are worn by women of age between fifteen and fifty. In Mrákov, only young girls and women wear the women festive traditional costume, in case of various church ceremonies. Whereas the women of the oldest generation do not wear this type of clothing at all. The only type of women traditional costume worn up today in Chodsko during working days is dress (direct translation). Slight modification of dress is so-called kandřuš which is even nowadays seen on balls, during the shroving season, in church, etc. The history of kandřuš is really interesting because it...
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Solemnity of the last decades in the Czech Republic. Solemnity of modern times of the last decades shown on some examples, focusing on the solemnity of the socialist period in Žďár nad Sázavou
Porsch, Josef ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
Zaměření této práce vychází z mého zájmu o obřadnost. Vnímám obřadnost jako velmi důležitou složku života lidské společnosti, a to i dnes, kdy se mi náboženství nebo duchovní život nezdají být převažujícím nositelem společenského významu. Domnívám se, že se přesto v české (nebo v euroamerické) společnosti objevuje i tam. Během mého výzkumu mě zajímalo, jaké jsou formy obřadnosti právě v takovém typu společnosti a jak obřadnost ovlivňuje život jednotlivého člověka. Morris (1997:187), Jung (1999:200), Murphy (1999:170) a další se domnívají, že člověk jako kulturní a společenský tvor nějakou formu obřadnosti potřebuje. Proto podle mého názoru mohou být podoby obřadnosti v moderní, zčásti nenáboženské společnosti, zajímavé zejména pro pochopení jejího současného fungování, zejména pokud se zaměříme na nedávnou minulost. Zvláště patrný se mi tento jev zdá na případě období socialistického režimu, který v Československu existoval od konce čtyřicátých do konce devadesátých let 20. století. Společenský systém, který se prohlašoval za ateistický (Petrov 2000:140), přesto vytvořil celou řadu obřadů a svátků, z nichž některé přetrvaly až do dnešní doby. Proto jsem zvolil toto období za těžiště výzkumu. Jak se ukázalo, podob obřadnosti existovalo za socialismu větší množství. Výběr případových studií byl veden okruhem...
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Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewis solemity. Notes about newly discovered ritual baths in the Czech republic
Žahourová, Ivana ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor)
This baccalaureate work is devoted to the ritual purification of the Hebrew in mikva. Mikva is a Hebrew ritual bath which must fulfull certain religious regulations to be understood as properly religious. All the regulations and order regarding the functioning, construction and water, which is allowed to be used, are stated in Misna in the tractate Mikwa'ot. The basis for the ritual adequacy of mikva is water which should have inflow and outflow. Mikva serves to renew ritual cleanliness of a person who became ritually unclean. This ritual dates back to the times when Desater made a commandment to Sinaji. The first people who practiced the ritual were supposedly priests. Those were impurified after the contact with a dead body, carrion of an animal or a snake; after emission of semen or spermatorrhoea. During the times of the first Church the whole population including children cleaned themselves from different impurities. After the deconstruction of the Church the law regualting cleanliness and impurities changed. Today mikva is visited by women firstly before wedding, then after each menstruation period and after giving birth. Men are no longer obliged to practise the ritual after the deconstruction of the Church however even today orhodox Hebrew and chasids clean themselves before important Hebrew...
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Children's clothing culture in historical and social contexts
Pitrová, Pavlína ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee) ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor)
The theme of my thesis is "Children's Clothing Culture in Historical and Social Contexts". I was interested in how children's clothing culture developed and was formed throughout the centuries, particularly from the middle ages towards the end of the 19th century and how the approaches to children and their clothing were influenced by societal, cultural and economic values. Furthermore I also questioned whether it is possible to outline the changes of children's standing in society through children's clothing culture. I divided my work into 3 main sections. In the first I focused on children as recorded in historical literary sources and iconography. The second section titled "An Outline of Children's Clothing Culture - from the Middle Ages to the 19th Century" covers the historical development of adult clothing in comparison to children's clothing. In the third section "Children's Clothing Culture" I focused on the specific development of children's clothing (from newborns to children of school age) in social and cultural contexts. An additional research questionnaire on contemporary children's clothing is an integral part of my work and it attempts to confront the past and the present. Accompanying images illustrate and support my research. In this work I tried to join a historical ethnological view with...
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Kazakh wedding traditional and modern: transformations wedding ceremony in time
Dosšanova, Gulžan ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
This work is concerned with the process of wedding in the Kazakhstani society. As there is currently no written study of traditional and contemporary Kazakhstani wedding, my aim was to present and describe the wedding ceremony. I based the reconstruction of the traditional ceremony on respective literature, and for the interpretation of current forms I employed field research, my own memories of such marriages in 70s-80s and information from various respondents. An interesting phenomenon is the persistence of certain practices, rituals and customs in face of the changes in the human society. In the last 100 years, Kazakhstan has changed from a nomadic society to an industrial, evolving country. The contemporary wedding ceremony reacts to these changes and reflects them like a mirror. Wedding is forced to react to important social and cultural changes in the society. In this work, I wanted to point some of them out.
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The Christmas cribs of Třešť and their authors
Hinková, Zuzana ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
This dissertation describes the origin, the development and the present state of the Christmas crib making of Třešť. A particular emphasis is placed on the present-day state whereas focusing on material and nonmaterial aspects of the researched phenomenon. The information about Christmas crib making of Třešť has been gathered from literature and the informants - the crib makers from Třešť. The first chapter of this dissertation consists of a general introduction to the questions of the origin of the Christmas cribs and the Christmas crib making in the past. The second chapter deals with the origin, the development and the expansion of the Christmas crib making in the Czech-Moravian Highlands. The Christmas crib making and the nativity scenes of Třešť are the themes of third chapter which describes the origin and the development of Christmas crib making of Třešť, the building of the nativity scenes, the use of natural materials and the products of nature. In this chapter, we are also focusing on the biblical and other symbolism of these nativity scenes. The next (fourth) chapter treats the factors that influence birth, development, expansion, transfomation or disappearance of folk lore in this particular locality (Třešť). In the following chapter two possibilites of maintenace and the measure against the...
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Mardi Gras as a phenomenon of New Orleans local culture
Urbišová, Julie ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee) ; Šatava, Leoš (advisor)
Diploma thesis "Mardi Gras as a phenomenon of New Orleans local culture" describes the tradition of carnival in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. Carnival in Louisiana is a very old festival - that is why I described history of this festival until its present form. Carnival in United States of America is connected to people with French heritage, who are known as Creoles. I also explained creole culture. During the years, carnival was changed, influenced and enriched many times thanks to many different people, who moved into New Orleans. I also considered their important role in Mardi Gras. I visited New Orleans many times and I was able to make terrain research during couple carnival seasons. I was also able to interview many interesting people who are part of carnival. I used the results of my participating observation and interviews to describe carnival in present form. This festival is still very popular not only for New Orleans inhabitants, but also for many tourists from all around the world. I also wrote about Mardi Gras from economical point of view.
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Changes of burial in village Úhonice in the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
Slaboch, Martin ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Alexandra (referee) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
The way of burial have during the 20th century in our country dramatically changed. Newly appeared cremation and in recent years there increase the burials without any ceremony. So high portion of burials without ceremony has not got a parallelism in the whole world. Traditional spiritual burials with a multiple leave and inhumanition to the grave on the graveyard are decreasing. There are still coming new and new options and ways of undertaking from now on. The thesis focuses on progress in burial in middle Bohemia's village called Úhonice during the years 1988-2008, where the ways of burying of all 205 dead people were perfectly registered. The case study shows the new forms of undertaking, which appears in Úhonice later than in bigger cities. Today the dead body is immediately taken by burial purposes, which even look after obsequies. By activity of professional burial purposes the burial customs disappear
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