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Parallelism in the Poetics of Juan Rulfo and María Luisa Bombal
Norocká, Monika ; Poláková, Dora (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
The aim of this Diploma Thesis is to bring attention to the resemblance between the work of one of the most important Hispanic American authors of 20th century, the Mexican Juan Rulfo, and his less well-known Chilean colleague, María Luisa Bombal. Even though the work of these writers has often been associated with the beginnings of the so-called Magical Realism, so far literary critics have not studied the parallelism in their poetics in detail. This work observes the deviation of these authors from the type of literature dominant in their time, and their effort to renovate it. Furthermore, it concerns the similarity in the approach to death in their work; it pays attention to the influence of the Nordic literature on their literary production. Another part of this work is dedicated to the parallels between the character of Susana San Juan from Rulfoˈs Pedro Páramo and Bombalˈs female characters. In addition to that, the work reflects the personal relationship between the authors in question.
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Point of view. The iconography in modern Latinoamerican photography and fantastic literature
Holcová, Pavla ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
Na tématu ikonografie v moderní latinskoamerické fotografii a literární fantastice jsme chtěli dokumentovat, že pro latinskoamerickou kulturu existuje několik emblematických témat, kterými se latinskoamerická kulturní sféra od evropské liší. Výběr fotografického a beletristického uměleckého žánru by pak měl ilustrovat fakt, že různé umělecké žánry v latinskoamerickém kulturním kontextu nespojuje jen výběr témat, ale i jejich zpracování. Zároveň se v několika kapitolách snažíme objasnit myšlenku, že tato specifická volba témat i jejich zpracování derivuje z hlubokého latinskoamerického kulturního povědomí, ve kterém se zrcadlí jak tripolatrita původních kultur (indiánská, hispánská a černošská), tak utopické představy Evropanů či touha po vlastní identitě a potřeba vlastní kulturní reflexe. Tematické oblasti, které jsme si zvolili (I-Maskulinita, machismus a kult osobnosti, 2-Město, 3-Mýty, náboženství a fantastika všednodennosti) nemají ambice vyčerpat celou škálu emblematických latinskoamerických témat (sem by bezesporu patřila i témata jako Román a fotografie džungle, Latinskoamerický syndrom utopie, Kýč ... ), ale spíš si kladou za cíl ilustrovat původní myšlenku, že taková témata vůbec existují. Tyto tři výše citované tematické okruhy byly zvoleny na základě četby klasických autorů hispanoamerického...
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The concept of space in the literary work of Jorge Luis Borges and Adolfo Bioy Casares
Tobiašová, Veronika ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (referee)
This thesis, entitled "The Concept of Space in the Literary Work of Jorge Luis Borges and Adolfo Bioy Casares", presents the concept of space in the literary work of Borges and Bioy Casares, in particular in the short stories "The House of Asterion" and "The 69 Circular Ruins", and the novel The Invention of Morel. The study is based on theoretical works on the concept of space. Its main focus are the literary archetypes that appear in the works in question, and the ways in which the lines between the real and the fictitious fade away. It presents the vision of the world of both writers. The first part of this work is based on Daniela Hodrová's theory of secular and sacred places and it analyzes the process of the "profanization of the sacred" in the works in question. The places originally dedicated to God lack in both authors a sacred character. Both writers convert literary space of their works into a place of artistic creation. Both the magician of "The Circular Ruins" and Morel of Bioy's novel make an attemp to imitate the demiurgic act. As far as Hodrová's analysis of house and prison is concerned, both writers create a house-prison hybrid; the places which are closed in a way (the museum, the maze), become the representation of the world where the character (Asterion, the narrator of The Invention of...
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The Carpentier's vision of the America
Růžková, Lenka ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
In my thesis, I focused on the concept of Latin American culture in novels and essays by Alejo Carpentier. At the beginning, the transculturation process in America (particularly in the Caribbean) is outlined together with the impact of cultural mixing on the author himself. In the essays, I mainly followed motifs of American specificity, including the concept of time, spatial dimension of a relatively recently discovered continent, social and religious contexts, in which I covered the diversity of ethnic types and their position in society, reflection of music, concept of literature and particularly the question of a Baroque quality, which can be found in Latin American art and permeates entire Latin American reality. Approach to different aspects is integrated in a passage on the concept of "the marvelous real" and in a chapter dedicated to art. I tried to connect Carpentier's theoretical contemplations from the collections of essays Tientos y diferencias (The Groping and Differences) and Razón de ser (The Reason of Being) with the poetics of his prose on the material of the novels The Lost Steps and Praised Be the Lord! (Ecué-Yamba-Ó). In conclusion, I summarized Carpentier's overall vision of America and particularly its confrontation with Europe and pointed out the importance of a distance which is...
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Arielism of J.E. Rodó
Kozáková, Zuzana ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
The subject of this study is the Uruguayan essay Ariel of José Enrique Rodó and the wave of reactions and interpretations caused by this essay from 1900 on, the year of its publication, through the entire twentieth century. The first part of the thesis focuses on the circumstances of the time when Rodó wrote his famous essay. The character of the end of nineteenth century was determined by the war between Spain and the USA in 1898, and by an increasingly aggressive approach on the part of the USA as a result of a their growing military capabilities. In Latin American countries, voices were heard who warned about the danger of expansive politics of the northern neighbour. Rodó's Ariel was one of these voices. The Uruguayan author criticized the so called nordomanía and advocated continuing the Latin traditions of their Spanish ancestors. The work deals also with the main influences of two important philosophical movements, positivism and modernism, on the society.
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The meditation of man and nature in essay of Mexican author
Junková, Eliška ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
This work is concentrated on analysis of pictures of nature in Spanish-American essayistic text. That is why it approaches theoretic resource of essay genre in the light of different accesses of literature theoreticians in the beginning: Northrop Frye, Jose Luis Gómes-Martínez, Josef Hrabák, Ortega y Gasset and Alfonso Reyes. Subsequently it shortly foreshadowes an evolution of essay genre in Europe. Further it is concentrated on hacceity of this genre in Spanish-America. This part is based on studies of: Fernando Aínsa, Anna Housková, José Luis Gómez-Martínez, John Skirius.
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Space in Valle-Inclán's Sonatas
Mathé, Lukáš ; Fousek, Michal (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
V první kapitole naší práce jsme stručně přiblížili některé teoretické přístupy ke studiu poetiky prostoru v literárním díle. Cílem bylo na základě různých inspirací vytvořit metodu, která by vyhovovala zkoumání prostorové konfigurace čtyř Sonát Ramóna M. del Valle- Inclána. Vedoucí inspirací se stala studie polského teoretika Januzse Sławińskeho. V závislosti na ní jsme se rozhodli zaměřit nejdříve na styl a specifika popisu prostoru. Centrální částí našeho zkoumání se pak mělo stát podrobné studium struktury nejdůležitějších prostorů Pamětí markýze Bradomína, vedoucí k určení významotvornosti prostorové složky pro textový celek a k odhalení jejího vztahu k složkám dalším. V kapitole o popisu jsme shrnuli nejzávažnější rysy a specifika deskripce prostorů v Sonátách. Sledovali jsme metodu francouzského teoretika Philippa Hamona, srovnávajíce jeho závěry ze zkoumání popisu v realisticko-naturalistickém diskursu s podobou popisu v Sonátách. Jako nejvýznamnější charakteristiky deskripce v tomto díle jsme určili vysokou míru vypravěčovy subjektivity při popisu, dynamizující zdobnost podtémat jednotlivých prostorů a používání kulturních klišé, jež vede k aktivnímu zapojení čtenáře do literární komunikace. Popisující odkazuje na kulturně známé vzory takových prostorů, čtenář si má představit příkladný objekt...
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The theme of dictatorship in Argentinian literary works Amalia, El matadero and Facundo
Baranecká, Lenka ; Poláková, Dora (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
(in English) This Bachelor's Thesis is occupied with three argentinian literary works that are summarrized into the dictatorial prose. The examined works are El matadero written by Esteban Echeverría, Facundo by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and Amalia by José Mármol. In the initial part the argentinian history is described, short biographies of all three authors are included as well as the characteristic of literary geners and the period in which the works were written and a short treatise about the dictatorial prose in general. In the practical part the three works are analysed and the author is focused on the symbols of the dictatorship; in El matadero mainly on the description of the teror and atmosphere, in Amalia on the figure of the dictator and in Facundo the focus is on the difference between the civilization and barbarism which is the reason of the problems according to Sarmiento. Every work is different in genre and plot and that is why in the analysis of each of them the author analyses a variety of the important symbols in which she sees what connects them. In the final part she evaluates her findings.
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