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Příjem potravy a metabolická aktivita .i.Galumna elimata./i. (C.L. Koch, 1841) (Acari: Oribatida) při různých teplotách
Šustr, Vladimír ; Hubert, J. ; Pekár, S.
The ability of the physiological compensation of respiration rate and feeding activity for temperature was tested in oribatid mite .i.Galumna elimata./i. to evaluate significance of the increase of amylolytic activity in the whole body homogenates of mite exposed to cold acclimation. Mites were reared on green bark algae (.i.Protococcus viridis./i.) at different constant temperatures (5-30°C) for 21 days. The temperature relationships of respiration rate, presence of animals on food and defecation were compared before acclimation (quick response to temperature change) and after acclimation to constant temperature (effects of adaptation). The relationship of oxygen consumption on temperature was similar in control and acclimated mites. Presence of animals on food increased exponentially with temperature before acclimation. It was higher at 15°C after acclimation at constant temperature.
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Energetika larev tří druhů čeledi Bibionidae
Frouz, Jan ; Šustr, Vladimír ; Kalčík, Jiří
Food consumption, defecation, assimilation and production were studied in three species of bibionid larvae (.i.Bibio marci, B. pomonae, Penthetria holosericea./i.) feeding either on leaf litter or their own excrements. Assimilation efficiency of larvae feeding on leaf litter was in all species higher then assimilation efficiency of the same species feeding on their own excrements. Larvae reared on excrements also lost weight, which indicated that excrements were insufficient as an exclusive source of energy. In .i. B. marci, P. holosericea./i. the effect of temperature on assimilation efficiency was studied. In .i. P. holosericea./i. assimilation efficiency decreased with increasing temperature. This trend was not observed in .i. B. marci. B. marci./i. was fed on pure cellulose to test if cellulose can serve as the only source of energy. Mortality of larvae feeding on cellulose was significantly higher than of those feeding on leaf litter and did not differ from starving larvae.
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Ovlivňuje obsah buněčných mastných kyselin a enzymů jeskynních bakterií potravní preferenci .i.Enchytraeus crypticus./i. (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae)?
Krištůfek, Václav ; Elhottová, Dana ; Šustr, Vladimír ; Lasák, R. ; Kováč, L. ; Mock, A. ; Luptáčik, P.
Cellular fatty acid screening (MIDI System) of 93 bacterial strains isolated from the Domica Cave in the Slovak Karst region ( Slovakia) showed that three bacterial strains (.i.Chryseobacterium./i. sp., .i.Enterobacter amnigenus, Rhodococcus./i. sp.) produce polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 18:3w6 and 20:4w6. These species (along with a non PUFA producer, .i.Rhizobium./i. sp.) were isolated from the gut content or body surface of .i.Mesoniscus graniger./i. (Frivaldsky, 1865) (Crustacea: Isopoda). Bacterial strains were tested for activity of nine saccharolytic enzymes. .i.Chryseobacterium./i. sp. showed amylase, maltase and cellobiase activity, other bacterial species only had amylase activity. As PUFA and enzymes may be essential for animal growth and development, colonies of the four strains were grown for further use in laboratory food selection and reproduction experiments with .i.E. crypticus./i..
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