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Experiance of the midwife in care of woman by childbirth of dead fetus.
ČERNÁ, Lenka
Intrauterine fetal death is a serious medical and nursing problem. Midwifes in the delivery room do not come across this diagnosis often, so the women in labour should be looked after by sufficiently experienced and educated midwives, who are well aware of the problem and are able to satisfy the needs of the woman in all its complexity. The theoretical part of the Study describes the causes of intrauterine fetal death, the symptoms, the complications, the diagnostical and therapeutical procedures. From the nursing point of view the Study focuses on midwives? care of the woman prior to the delivery, during labour, in the puerperium and in the subsequent ambulatory care. It also deals with the importance of farewell ritual with the child and with the psycho-social aspects of this problem. I have included a chapter on civil legal requirements that arise from this situation. The aim of this Study was to compare nursing care of women with stillbirth in selected maternity hospitals. I compare the midwives´ approach, ways and means of saying goodbye to the child and try to ascertain the level of awareness of the legal requirements relating to this situation amongst the midwives.Qualitative methodological approach was selected for the research. The investigation was conducted through semi-structured non-directive interviews. The results of the interviews were processed, analyzed and arranged into transparent schemes with a description. The research group consists of eight respondents from five different workplaces. The respondents were selected on the condition that they had been working in the delivery room and have experience with the care of a woman with stillbirth. Upon completing this research, the first research question could be answered. The nursing care of the woman with stillbirth is in all the facilities comparable. The midwife monitors the condition of the woman in labour and the course of the labour. All facilities make an effort to ensure the woman?s privacy, allow the partner?s presence and focus on good analgesia. Empathetic and sensitive approach to the woman is matter of course. The second research question was also answered. It was established that the farewell with the child is not facilitated in most of the monitored delivery rooms. At most workplaces the midwives do not actively offer the farewell with the child to the woman although they believe that this ritual bears great importance. The third research question can be answered that the midwives? awareness of the civil legal formalities in this area is not very high. Almost all respondents knew about the possibility to name and bury the stillborn child, but the midwives? knowledge about the maternity benefits and death allowance is not sufficient. The results of the research show that it is important to focus on improving the awareness of midwives in the care of a woman with stillbirth. The solution would be to organize a seminar on this topic. In the seminar, the midwives would acquaint themselves with the appropriate approach to the woman in labour, the possibilities of communication, about the importance of the farewell ritual with the child, the possible ways of this ritual and the information about the naming, burial and the maternity benefit. Another suitable method would be to create a training leaflet that would summarize the basic information related to this issue. This work could contribute to raising awareness amongst the midwives and thereby women in labour would receive not only professional care of their basic biological needs but also the adequate support in the psycho-social field. Midwives would become competent accompanying persons in this, for the woman very challenging time of life.
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Stressors causing on clients hospitalized in intensive care units and standard wards
ČERNÁ, Lenka
Hospitalization is usually relatively new experience for a client. In this respect much is changing not only in the client´s body, but also in his mind. That is why we are right to ask: {\clq}qWhat is going on in the mind of a client on coming into the hospital, what influences him here, what is the influence of hospitalization as such?`` Experience of a sick man is determined by a specific role of a man as a patient who is in the process of treatment. The key psychological symptom of a sick man is the limitation and dependence resulting from his illness and relevant therapy, expectations and the necessity to create new relations to the medical staff, his co-patients, from the manner and character of the chosen treatment process, course of the treatment itself and the type of illness. Behaviour of a sick man is also shaped by his fears. He is afraid of pain, negative bodily changes, social changes, isolation and also of the death. Fear can manifest itself in a variety of ways. As each man is an individual, the manifestations of fear which the man feels are unique and varied and the fear can turn into stress. For the purpose of this bachelor work having the purpose of ascertaining which individual stressors influence the clients during the hospitalization on standard wards and intensive care wards (JIP) we used quantitative research investigation, enquiry method {--} semi-structured interview. Research set was formed by 8 clients in orthopaedic, neurology, traumatology and cardiology departments, out of whom 4 were in standard wards and 4 in intensive care wards in České Budějovice. From the detailed results of the research it followed that during hospitalization the clients are influenced by a vast number of stressors which negatively influence their experience and adaptation to the hospital environment. In certain aspects clients of both wards agree on the types of stressors, in others their opinions differ completely. We can quote as an example of stressors: pain, lack of sleep, early morning rising, excessive noise, lack of information, dependence on other people, impossibility to hold important roles, fear of death and many others. However, it is very interesting that the clients admit that some of the stressors are caused by their own behaviour and they feel the necessity to change the same. The fact that one of most important recourses for the clients while coping with this situation is the medical staff and both their verbal and non-verbal expressions is a very positive finding.
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Slaughtery Lines and their Improve in Meat Quality
ČERNÁ, Lenka
In my thesis I deal with the influence of slaughter lines on the quality of pork. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the purchase of pigs, their transport to slaughter operation and stabling before the slaughter. The second part deals with his own defeat, where they are developed different types of slaughter lines and their impact on the supply of meat products. The third part focuses on factors that affect the supply of meat products during and after slaughter and meat defects that occur in them.
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Opportunistic parasites in patients of geriatric facilities
ČERNÁ, Lenka
The main aim of this work has been the screening of opportunistic intestinal parasites in old people. The older persons may be vulnerable by opportunistic parasites due to the aging of the immune system. Stool samples were collected from patients of different age and sex in a geriatric facility and from the elderly who live in their homes. Light and fluorescent microscopy and molecular diagnostics (PCR) were used as the diagnostic methods. A sedimentation concentration method (M.I.F.C.) was used for the detection of protists, cysts and helmint eggs or larvae and the staining method Miláček et. Vítovec for the detection of cryptosporidia. Staining with calcofuor served for the detection of microsporidial spores. PCR was used for identification of microsporidia species in the stool samples. Only mammalian microsporidia Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Enterocytozoon bienusi were detected in the stool samples. Prevalence of microsporidia in patients of a geriatric facility was 8,3 % and in the second group 18 %. Most positive samples (33%) were in the age category 47 {--} 60 years.
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Life insurance
ČERNÁ, Lenka
Bachelor's thesis deals with the life insurance market in the Czech Republic. I compared the different insurance products life insurance among themselves. And these products is the formula published in the scientific literature.
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Quality Management in public administration with a focuse on the application of the model CAF
Černá, Lenka ; Vláčil, Jan (advisor) ; Votápek, Vladimír (referee)
The work deals with the methods of quality management and performance management in the field of public administration. The theoretical part is focused on a description of models and methods of quality management standards such as ISO 9000 series, EFQM Excellence Model, Benchmarking and method of Balanced Scorecard. There is more space for model CAF because of its increasing popularity in the field of public administration. The practical part is focused on the application of the model CAF to regional authorities and municipal offices. The main goal of my work is through an evaluation questionnaire survey pointed out that the office appears interested in the introduction of new tools for improving quality. In what direction the authorities in the field of quality management moving and why this interest is growing or declining.
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