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Internet crime against children
Veličková, Lenka ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
This thesis focuses on internet crime where children are the victims. In the theoretical part of this work, different types of internet crime are described, with a special focus on internet crimes against children. Furthermore, it summarizes the basic knowledge of the aggressors and perpetrators of this activity, the prevalence of this crime, and last but not least it gives information about their victims. The empirical part of this work is devoted to the qualitative study of the list of cases targeting internet crime against children and to the quantitative study which identifies the experiences of children with the Internet today.
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The problematics of the deception detection in the forensic psychology
Mynaříková, Lenka ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor)
This diploma thesis called 'The problematics of the deception detection in the forensic psychology' deals with lying and lies from the viewpoint of its types, functions and considering the development of an individual and it describes the role of lying in our lives. Then it examines the integration of the deception detection into the forensic psychology, the description of the forensic psychology itself and it tries to specify the differences between laypersons and proffesionals in their ability to detect lies. The thesis describes the particular approaches to the detection of deception from its historical beginning to contemporary methods, such as psychophysiological and verbal tools of lie detection, observing of someone's behaviour or modern alternative methods, such as lie detection via handwriting or drawing, whose research has just started. The thesis explores also some other aspects, that can influence the deception detection, namely false memories, false confessions and the suggestive style of conducting the interrogation.
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The relationship between criminal personality and the way of commission serious crimes. Profiling with the application of geographical mapping
Buriánková, Lucie ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Netík, Karel (advisor)
The topic of this thesis is the relationship between offender's personality and the way of commission serious crimes. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first of them introduces the basic concepts and terminology with respect to the offender's personality. Attention is focused on personality disorders and on some sexual paraphilias that are the most important for forensics. The topics that relate to offender's behavior are discussed as well - motivation, modus operandi, offender's signature, and the crime scene. The second part deals with psychological and geographical profiling. Various attitudes and theories are discussed. Third and at the same time the closing part of the thesis focuses on practical applications of knowledge derived from psychological and geographical profiling in a geographical information system. Two real cases of serious crimes are analyzed. The evaluation of the findings, and of the discussed methods is presented in the discussion. The appendices are placed at the back of the thesis and involve map outputs of the geographical profiling and a vocabulary of important words.
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Psychological aspects of accuracy and credibility of a statement
Chroustovská, Petra ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The thesis is focused on psychological aspects of accuracy and credibility of a statement. It emphasises the fact that each statement has to be assessed from the point of view of both of these perspectives. The study summarizes information regarding factors influencing the accuracy and completeness of a statement. It deals with the factors affecting memories of criminal events and their recall and verbalization in the course of an interview. The description of appropriate techniques of an interview with a cooperative witness includes the author's professional experience. The study than covers the issue of credibility of a statement, paying attention to the knowledge of features of truthful and untruthful statements. Finally it presents and analyses verbal and nonverbal criteria of statement credibility assessment.
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Juvenile violent deliquents
Běhalová, Ivana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The thesis summarizes present state of knowledge on motivation for violent crime from the view of variol theories of criminal delinquent act. It deals with questions of aggression. It also deals with characteristics of adolescence from the social developmental view. The research (practical) part of thesis compares juvenilie violent offenders with nonviolet delinquents of the same age category regarding their reflection of life perspective and experienced purpose of life. It shows results of a study of family environment and life style of the sentenced juveniles. It describes in problem-solving of the sentenced.
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The psychosocial characteristics of children who committed a violent crime
Schwabová, Michaela ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with psychosocial characteristics of children under 15 who are engaged in violent criminal activity, in the present case particularly in robbery, but also in assault and battery or extortion. Violent criminal activity is considered to be any activity sanctioned by criminal law providing it is necessary to resort to or threaten violence in order to commit it. The reason why the author of this thesis focused on children under 15 is due to the fact that the combination of a pubescent individual and a violent criminal activity is highly alarming and raises concern about future development of such a person. Resorting to such intense violence at such a young age can indicate especially a serious disturbance in personality development and its socialization, i.e. the process of integrating people into society and interiorizing social norms. However, it is also necessary to take into consideration a relatively big space for "manipulating" an individual and guiding his/her development in a desirable way, although there are certain limits to it. Even though an adolescent individual is in the process of development, which can be influenced through targeted intervention, it may not be possible to reverse certain facts, especially if these originate e.g. in early childhood and are of fundamental...
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Psychosocial determinants effecting successfulness of performing the alternative punishment
Stojkovová, Renata ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
This is a borderline work which stands with its subject between psychology, social work and law. The aim of the thesis is to identify and describe some psychosocial determinants, which may influence successful or unsuccessful fulfilling of alternative correction of generally useful work. We have based on theoretical processing of psychological and forensic aspects of the correction. We have called attention to the presumption of its effectiveness, which is based on one side on the quality of penitential work, on the other side on the certain individual, his personal structure, the level of his social, emotional or intellectual disruption.
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Psychological aspects of negotiation
Mertin, Tomáš ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor)
The theoretical part of the paper presents key topics of negotiation research - definition issues, phases of negotiation, distributive and integrative negotiation, negotiation - related variables (personal, emotional-motivational, cognitive, and interpersonal) and finally methods and approaches of studying negotiation. The empirical part of the paper consists of two related studies. The first part maps relations between variables in model negotiation. It pilots two tools - the Individualistic Orientation Inventory (IOI) and the Subjective Value Inventory (SVI - new Czech version). The second part uses 30-second segments of mute video recording from the beginning of the model negotiations in the first part of study. Naive judges then evaluate these thin slices of communication and guess the result (agreement/disagreement). The naive judges are found to predict the future results on a significant level. The effect of additional information on nonverbal communication and negotiation was proven to increase effect of the ability of intuitive judgment.
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Psychological profiling of the offender during investigation of serious offences with emphasis on sexually motivated delicts
Doležalová, Barbora ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Netík, Karel (advisor)
This diploma work overviews and clarifies findings which were made in the field of psychological profiling of the offender. Presented text is based on the interdisciplinary approach that connects and summarizes conclusions which were collated in the domain of specific forensic sciences and are closely associated with offender profiling. The principal inputs included in the theoretical part of the work are primarily gathered from American sources, but there are also mentioned significant European and domestic contributions to the profiling method. Besides general theoretical thesis, methodological principals and relevant historical connections it is particularly focused on profiling of those offenders who have committed serious sexual delicts, especially sexual murders and rapes. Throughout the work the accent is put on characteristic aspects of the crime scene, on specific methods of acting, on victimology and of course on wide spectrum of offender characteristics. The theory is illustrated by two criminal cases where the practical use of profiling process is clearly demonstrated. Some concrete suggestions of further research are also involved.
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