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Michael Kácha and Czech Literature
Machková, Barbora ; Merhaut, Luboš (advisor) ; Vojtěch, Daniel (referee)
This thesis presents the personality of Michael Kácha, anarchist editor and publisher. Biographical sketch shows not only his editorial activity and journalism (for instance in journals Práce, Zádruha, Mladý průkopník, Klíčení) and his work as a publisher (Družstvo Kniha, Kacha Verlag), but pays attention also to his activities within workers' and anarchist, respectively anarcho-communist organizations, which is inextricably connected with his literary activity. A bibliography of texts of Michael Kácha and a list of books published with his participation is the part of this thesis.
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Phase transformations in ultra-fine grained titanium alloys
Bartha, Kristina ; Stráský, Josef (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Ladislav (referee) ; Vojtěch, Dalibor (referee)
Title: Phase transformations in ultra-fine grained titanium alloys Author: Kristína Bartha Department: Department of Physics of Materials Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: PhDr. RNDr. Josef Stráský, Ph.D., Department of Physics of Materials Abstract: Ti15Mo alloy in a metastable β solution treated condition was processed by high pressure torsion (HPT) and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The microstructure after HPT is severely deformed and ultra-fine grained, while ECAP deformation results in rather coarse-grained structure with shear bands containing high density of lattice defects. Two types of thermal treatments - isothermal annealing and linear heating - were carried out for the solution treated condition and both deformed materials. Wide spectrum of experimental techniques was employed to elucidate the differences in phase transformations, especially in α phase precipitation, occurring in deformed and non-deformed material upon thermal treatment. It was shown that the α phase precipitation is accelerated in the deformed materials due to a high density of lattice defects, which provide a dense net of preferred sites for nucleation and also fast diffusion paths necessary for accelerated growth. The enhanced precipitation of the α phase in deformed materials also affects the stability of the ω...
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"To be a tree where there is no hubbub": Poetics of Solitude in the Works of Ludmila Macešková
Boháčová, Kristýna ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Vojtěch, Daniel (referee)
The thesis follows the line of solitude in the poetry of Jan Kameník (which is the pen name of Ludmila Macešková). It notices the impossibility of classifying him into the literary groups active from 40's to 60's. It also observes his dramatic way which was motivated by desire to find the expression for his spiritual experience. First, the thesis focuses on places which illustrate the phases during the way. Then it centres on the poetic language which moves to the boundaries of communicability. Last, it comes to the touch like specific revelation of name where all differences are overcame.
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The Eternal Boyhood of Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic
Kolařík, Karel ; Vojtěch, Daniel (advisor) ; Lishaugen, Roar (referee) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
The thesis attempts to describe the life and work of Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic through an analysis of his lifestyle, i.e. the way in which he organized, embellished and individualized his life. Karásek sought to shape his existence as an artwork, in accordance with the inspirational concepts of the contemporary and antecedent thinkers and artists (e.g. Oscar Wilde, Walter Pater and Maurice Maeterlinck). He accented its integrity and orientation towards beauty. In accord with his aesthetic vision (and his literary work) Karásek conditioned beauty with sadness and pain and attempted to emphasize melancholic beauty, unity in disunion. For that purpose he would accentuate particularly the disintegrative, critical elements, evoking the impression of unsuccessful, self-destructive endeavor to reach life's high ideal. This corresponded with his tragic concept of the artist immolating himself for his Art. I approach Karásek's lifestyle through the use of the terms youth and (eternal) boyhood, which Karásek himself employed as symbols of mournfully beautiful existence in his literary work. I define a youth - in accordance with the romantic and symbolist interpretation - as a person at odds with reality (contemporary truths, customs and rules), a solitary, unique being, trying to construct a new world - only...
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Jiří Kolář: The "New" Beginnings of His Poetry and its Position in Interpretation of His Writing
Šnellerová, Tereza ; Špirit, Michael (advisor) ; Vojtěch, Daniel (referee)
In this diploma thesis, the "new" beginnings of Jiří Kolář's poetry are addressed. The main focus lies upon the genesis of his early poetry in the period of his "Křestný list". The "Křestný list" was issued as Kolář's début in September 1941, however, neither its publication nor Kolář's accession into literature were as immediate as they might appear in sources available so far. It took nearly ten years until the young poet's first oeuvre was issued and he had undergone a certain development in the meantime - he had gained more experience and become mature as a poet and person. The first part of the thesis is aimed at portraying this period (i.e. the years of 1937-1941/2) within the process of all events of literary history which could have impacted Kolář, his poetry and the final appearance of his first colletion. In the second part of the thesis, the given events (e.g. the acquaintance with Václav Pekárek, František Halas and Jindřich Chalupecký or the problems with the censorship in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia) are put into the wider context of Kolář's juvenile and hitherto unpublished texts that are now in the possession of Vladimír Karfík and in the inheritance of Jindřich Chalupecký. The interpretation of these is the core of this one and also of the third part of thesis. The integral...
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Josef Čapek's Early Literary Work in the Context of Modern Art
Kováčová, Eva ; Vojtěch, Daniel (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
Josef Čapek belonged among those Czech artists who dealt with problems of form and function of a modern art work in the beginning of 20th century. Both theoretical reflections on art and his early fiction represent Čapek's specific approach to the debate about modern and avant-garde currents in the times of stylistically inconsistent situation. This thesis analyses the confrontation of aesthetic principles of these art movements. Its focus is to show to what extent was Josef Čapek influenced by the principles of the individual movements and to describe the way in which he acquired and modified them. The goal is to outline Čapek's path from a survey of modern forms to his own independent viewpoint. Key words Josef Čapek, Modern Art, Manifest Česká moderna, Neoclassicism, Cubism, Expressionism
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Advanced aluminium alloys prepared by powder metallurgy and spark plasma sintering
Molnárová, Orsolya ; Málek, Přemysl (advisor) ; Haušild, Petr (referee) ; Vojtěch, Dalibor (referee)
Mechanical properties of aluminium alloys highly depend on their phase composition and microstructure. High strength can be achieved among others by introduction of a high volume fraction of fine, homogeneously distributed second phase particles and by a refinement of the grain size. Powder metallurgy allows to prepare fine grained materials with increased solid solubility which are favourable precursors for further precipitation strengthening. Gas atomization was used for the preparation of powders of the commercial Al7075 alloy and its modification containing 1 wt% Zr. A part of gas atomized powders was mechanically milled at different conditions. Mechanical milling reduced the grain size down to the nano-size range and the corresponding microhardness exceeded the value of 300 HV. Powders were consolidated by the spark plasma sintering method to nearly fully dense compacts. Due to a short time and relatively low temperature of sintering the favourable microstructure can be preserved in the bulk material. The grain size of compacts prepared from milled powder was retained in the submicrocrystalline range and the microhardness close to 200 HV exceeded that of the specially heat treated ingot metallurgical counterparts. The prepared compacts retained their fine grained structure and high...
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The Sufferings of Prince Sternenhoch from the Point of View of Ladislav Klima's own Philosophy
Tichá, Veronika ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Vojtěch, Daniel (referee)
This work deals with the most famous novel, the Suffering of Prince Sternenhoch, of one of the most controversial Czech authors of first half of 20th century, Ladislav Klima, namely in terms of Klíma's philosophical approach to his literary work and life in general. We derived from the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, whose ideas inspired Klima in many ways. We are comparing the story of love and hate to the theater (David Jařab - first performance at the Divadlo Komedie, Praha 2007) and film (Jan Němec - In the Heat of the Royal Love 1990) adaptation and we are trying to find traces of his doctrine of solipsism and egodeism there, especially in style, composition and main characters. Greater focus was put on the character of Helga, because she represents the most of Klíma's philosophical views. Necessarily, we have touched on the question of will, authority, and the afterlife. Keywords: F. Nietzsche, higher / lower people, solipsism, egodeism, ludibrionism, afterlife, hallucinations, femme fatale
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Czech Drama in Early Modernism: The Portrayal of Leaders
Pospíšil, Jan ; Vojtěch, Daniel (advisor) ; Sílová, Zuzana (referee) ; Topolová, Barbara (referee)
The thesis constitutes the analysis of selected Czech dramas from the beginning of the 20th century representing various portrayals of national leaders. In my view, the dramas are Apollonian images of a kind representing the dreams of their creators about the strength and greatness, both individual and national. That is because, on one hand, the national leader is an exceptional individual, an exquisite human specimen and as such he or she corresponds to Nietzsche's characterization of a tragic hero as the highest phenomenon of the will. But at the same time, he or she is a national educator. Individual works represent various forms of how the leader educates and edifies the nation and whether he or she leads by command or by example. The dramas show us the leaders, who not only tame, purify, but also urge to growth those, whom they lead. The approach of the Czech playwrights is essentially mythopoetic. Their works constitute contributions to the creation or re-creation of national mythology, in other words, they deal with the meaning of the existence of the nation, or the national condition. They represent a dialogue or a polemic with one particular national mythology formed at the time that of T. G. Masaryk as he stated it in his works Česká otázka (1895), Naše nynější krise (1895), and Jan Hus...
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Relation between individual and society in Jiří Weil's novels Moskva-hranice and Dřevěná lžíce
Cepník, Jakub ; Vojtěch, Daniel (advisor) ; Špirit, Michael (referee)
The topic of the thesis is the relationship between the individual and society in two novels written by Jiří Weil in 1930's - Moskva-hranice and Dřevěná lžíce. This relationship is observed in the context of the Marxist aesthetics of that time and also through literary analysis of both novels. The thesis consists of a theoretical part, an interpretative part and typology of the characters. The primary proposition is an appeal of Růžena Grebeníčková to read the novels not as a testimony of the historical reality in USSR, but as distinctive literary works. In the theoretical part, two conceptions of literature are introduced, the influence of which is evident in Weil's novels: the artistic conception of Soviet avant-garde group LEF, and the socialist realism of Bedřich Václavek. The thesis summarizes the artistic programme of both conceptions, examining their notion of the relationship between the individual and the society. Extra focus is given to to a different concepts of reality in both conceptions. While the LEF emphasizes the present, socialist realism gives more weight to the future. The interpretative part presents a structural and a naratologic analysis. It turns out that juxtaposition is frequently used in various layers of the novels. The interpretation also observes the relationship...
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