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Problem of obesity in chosen multi-generational family
Dolejší, Simona ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
- 9 - ABSTRACT: The bachelor thesis deals with obesity in a multi-generational family. Strives to characterize and analyze the progress of the disease, to map other health complications that accompany obesity, outline ways to reduce the weight and try to analyze the causes of occurrence in the selected family. In the theoretical part is used the method of expert analysis of literature. The experimental part includes case studies of five members of the selected family, which contain basic personal data, personal and family medical history, energy calculations, weight changes with charts and sample menus with the evaluation. The obtained data were processed and analyzed using the energy calculator. The results showed deficiencies in diet and low physical activity for all members of the selected family. In conclusion, I can say that the cause of obesity in this case can be found in takeover of the life style. KEYWORDS: obesity, body weight, complication of health, menu, diet
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Nutritional behavior and eating disorders in women of different ages
Cajthamlová, Renata ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
Theoretical part of this bachelor thesis deals with a nutrition behavior and with a characteristic, treatment and possible prevention of eating disorders. A questionnaire survey forms a practical part. The questionnaire was obtained from 200 women aged 10-50 years. The survey was whether girls and women eat regularly, how much are they interested in the nutrition value of food, what is their attitude to a sport, diets or thinness advertising in the media, also how they look at obesity, whether they have already met with eating disorders and if they know their meaning. The practical part also contains an evaluation of the respondents answers together with comparison in relation to their age. The results of the survey showed for example that women aged 41-50 years eat more regularly than girls aged 10-20 years, women older than 41 years old more often hold weight-loss diets and girls aged 10-20 years most often have regular physical activity.
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Risk factors of malignant melanoma, its possibilities of prevention and early diagnosis
Kulichová, Daniela ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor) ; Rosina, Jozef (referee) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
Background Ultraviolet radiation is one of the most important environmental risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. Nonetheless, information concerning ultraviolet exposure in many populations, including the central European population, is lacking. Objectives The aim of our study was to investigate risk factors for malignant melanoma, particularly those related to ultraviolet exposure behavior in two European neighboring countries, Germany and the Czech Republic. Methods We conducted a hospital-based case-control study. 224 consecutive patients were diagnosed with melanoma in two dermatological clinics (Prague and Munich). Controls were 268 patients with other conditions from the same hospitals. All subjects completed a questionnaire on socio-demographic data and factors related to ultraviolet exposure. Associations between melanoma, ultraviolet exposure and other variables were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Results Patients with red hair had higher risk of developing melanoma than those with other hair color (odds ratio 3.597, 95% confidence interval 1.341-9.646). A similar trend was seen when comparing phototypes; subjects with phototype I and II had a higher likelihood of melanoma than those with phototype III (OR 4.028 and 4.837, 95%CI 1.929-8.411 and 2.574- 9.086). Frequent...
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Health risk assessment of chemical substances from removing of old environmental loads
Pelikánová, Denisa ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Hrubá, Drahoslava (referee)
Health risk assessment of chemical substances from removing of old environmental loads Introduction. Hazardous wastes from refineries stored in lagoons are old environmental loads. One way of remediation is to extract and process this waste to an alternative fuel. Emissions of harmful substances released into the atmosphere during extraction and processing of waste can negatively affect the health of exposed persons. Aim of this study was to evaluate the potential level of health risks from remediation of old environmental loads based on the detected concentration levels of selected substances in the air and to build a view of potential health risk stratification in the wider area. Methods. Among the contaminants were monitored sulphur dioxide, toluene, hydrogen sulphide and 16 representatives of PAHs (acenaphthene, acenaphtylene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, dibenz(ah)anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[ghi]perylene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, chrysene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, naphthalene phenanthrene, and pyrene). For that purpose was used combination of air pollutant concentrations and the dispersion model of substances in environment. The monitoring of contaminants was realized in the place of old environmental loads and in the nearby residential area....
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The implementation of an International and Educational Programme about Prevention and Spread of Infectious Diseases for Primary and Secondary School Children
Kopřivová Herotová, Tereza ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Komárek, Lumír (referee)
This dissertation thesis summarizes the research findings of reviews of Czech society to antibiotics and drugs and her knowledge of infectious diseases and how to effectively prevent the increase of resistant bacteria. This research was attended by 1,242 respondents from four regions of the Czech Republic. The survey revealed a very low respondent's knowledge about the possibilities of effective primary and secondary prevention of infectious diseases. With these findings the Department of Infectious Diseases from the 3rd Medical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague participated in the development and implementation of a pan- European teaching programme called "e-Bug." The main objective of this project was to develop and evaluate the teaching resource which teachers could use in the primary and secondary school in the subject "Health Education". Based on the evaluation of the first version of educational e-Bug manuals on a sample of 2,181students from England, France and the Czech Republic, the team of experts created two teaching manuals (one for primary and second for secondary school). These manuals include 9 complete lessons, whose efficacy has been proven in practice by experienced teachers. The dissertation thesis described in detail the process of preparation and evaluation of...
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Quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis and their families
Jiráková, Anna Aleksandra ; Göpfertová, Dana (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Alena (referee)
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common childhood inflammatory skin diseases. As a chronic disease it can have a physical and psychological effect on the social functioning of the affected child as well as his family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of children with AD and their families. A total of 636 children with the diagnosis of AD and naevi, aged from newborns to 18 years and 636 of their parents took part in our study. All participants, according to their age, completed the questionnaires: Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), Childrens' Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI)- text and cartoon version and Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire (DFI). We gained statistically significant differences in the mean scores between children with the diagnosis of AD and children with the diagnosis naevi. We also gained differences of mean scores in different age groups of patients with AD. The highest and statistically proven score was in the oldest group of children with AD (9,85) then in the group from 7 to 13 years (8,33) and the lowest in the group of children from newborns to 6 years (7,84). Question with the highest score in all age groups of children with AD was the question about: "itching and scratching". There was also proven an influence...
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Methods ....
Vaňkát, Michal ; Rameš, Jiří (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
v AJ Vaňkát, Michal - Methods of measurement of illumination and practical measuring in study rooms on faculty First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague, Praha 2, Kateřinská 32 Thesis supervisor: RNDr. Jiří Rameš With my Thesis I occupy with measurement and assessment of artificial, day and joint illumination in chosen teaching rooms of 1st faculty of medicine Charles University in Prague, concretely in study rooms of Institute of Science Information and auditory and autopsy rooms of Anatomical institute. In theoretical part of my work I occupy with physical description radiation, light and illumination which is important for their practical measurement and assessment. I occupy also with physiology of visual perception, description of artificial light sources and principles of illumination by day light, so as measuring instruments, quantities which are used to describe illumination. In practical part I summarize advancement and methods of measuring illumination. The estimate of measuring error includes. The outputs of practical measurement are compared with valid norms and recommendations. In conclusion of each room is including not only its suitability but even the recommendation to improve actual state. From results of our measurements comes out that all measured rooms of faculty...
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Methods of evaluation of microclimate conditions and light in students dormitory - comparison of new and old building
Cechel, Zbyszek ; Holcátová, Ivana (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
In my Bachelor Thesis I will deal with the evaluation of microclimatic conditions and artificial lighting in various rooms at two halls of residence. This evaluation concerns the following rooms: students' rooms, studies, halls, kitchens and bathrooms. Microclimate oriented measuring primarily includes ambient temperature, mean radiation temperature (globe temperature), air circulation rate and air humidity. I measured all these four parameters separately in each room. Upon the basis of these four main parameters and using a computer programme, I calculated other secondary microclimatic parameters which also participate in the overall microclimatic condition in a room and which must therefore by no means be disregarded. These particular parameters are stated below in the practical section as part of the individual evaluation of each measured room. The theoretical section of the Thesis also contains formulas which may be used for the calculation of the specific and exact value of a parameter which we may require by virtue of other data concerning or resulting from other microclimatic findings. In addition, I used the programme to calculate the recommended values (limits) of some of these parameters which should not be exceeded in any circumstances. In the event of their exceeding the set limits, the most...
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