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Slovak Anti-Jewish Legislation in the Years 1938 - 45 and its Application in Practice
Paleček, Lukáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
Although the Holocaust (a word for suffering of millions of individual people of vastness that stretches beyond our imagination) is a rather distressing topic I chose to carry out this re- search for two reasons, which prevailed. First, the experience shows that extreme situations reveal many latent features of human psyche - studying them is tempting. Second, the Holo- caust is a morally and politically important and still topical theme because not forgetting evil is a manner of its prevention. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse anti-Jewish law (and briefly also anti-Gypsies law) in Slovakia in the years 1938-45 and to present the idea that the tragedy of the Holocaust did not merely have causes, which can be described as political or economic or exclusively psychiat- ric (which is perhaps the most dangerous simplification), but that a significant part of what happened is explainable from the point of view of social psychology. To integrate researches in the two aforementioned scientific disciplines (legal history and so- cial psychology) in a coherent unit I chose to use the Czech penal law's concept of elements of crime. There are five elements of crime and my thesis consists of five chapters with accord- ing titles: Object of the Holocaust, Objective aspect of the Holocaust, Subject of the...
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Land reform during the First Republic
Peichlová, Adéla ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The topic of my thesis is "Land reform during the First Republic", which proceeded in our state from the year 1919 till the year 1935. The land reform contained an element of the confiscation and expropriation, so I integrated in the introduction of my thesis the explanation and short overview of process and history of these two institutes, which represent the most important intervention of the states to the landed property. After that I focused on the alterations of the lands, their history and importance. The main part of my thesis deals with the land reform, especially the preconditions and the reasons, why our state decided to carry out so important and forward change of the landed property and different conceptions and views of the political parties. The next part of my thesis is focused on the laws, which deal with main problems and issues of the land reform, and on the pursuance of the land reform in practice. I didn't miss out include in my thesis neither results of this reform nor the criticism and appreciation of this reform. In my opinion this reform poses important component of the coup and one of the most important tasks, which the new independent state had to fulfil to stabilize the internal situation in the land.
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The Czechoslovak Parliament in the Years 1945 - 1992
Korych, Lukáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The Czechoslovak Parliament in the Years 1945 - 1992 The thesis named "The Czechoslovak Parliament in the Years 1945 - 1992" aims to describe the activity of the Czechoslovak parliamentary system since the Second World War to the break-up of Czechoslovakia. The author examines the composition, status and responsibilities of the National, respectively Federal Assembly not only formal under constitutional law and other acts, but also in fact under the real constitutional law that especially during the government of the totalitarian communist regime was markedly different from the law that is constitutionally enshrined. After the Second World War, the Czechoslovak Parliament passed many milestones in its development. The aim of the thesis is to describe those different periods and to familiarize the reader with the activities of the National, respectively Federal Assembly, in the post-war history, with emphasis on the time when our parliament was in fact the supreme legislative body and not only formally under the Constitution, but also in fact. In this work there is also described the role of Parliament in the crucial moments of history of Czechoslovakia during the post-war period, as the "February 1948", "Prague Spring" 1968, "Velvet Revolution" in 1989 and the division of Czechoslovakia in 1992....
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The Supreme Administrative Court of Czechoslovakia - its formation and development
Kučera, Miroslav ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
This thesis deals with the formation and development of the Supreme Administrative Court of the Republic of Czechoslovakia. Given that this institution in our country was built on similar principles as the previous administrative court in Vienna, there is a part of the work given to the development of Supreme Administrative Court in Vienna and also briefly discusses the development of directions of administrative judiciary in Europe, because only in mutual relations you can understand why after an establihment of the independent Republic of Czechoslovakia, the concept of the Supreme Administrative Court in Vienna used in our conditions as well. In particular, thanks to this and the legislative framework, the Supreme Administrative Court of Republic of Czechoslovakia could be constitued in a very short time after the establishment of the Republic of Czechoslovakia. The following is gradual evolution of the court changes its powers and jurisdiction, including amendments to the Act made about him. In addition, this work also addresses the issue of the seat of the Supreme Administrative Court, staffing its decision-making.
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Position of the Slovak National Council 1944-1948
Jiříček, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
This Thesis analyses the position of the Slovak National Council from 1944 through 1948 as a body that had acquired all legislative, executive and government powers after its revolutionary establishment in Slovakia. The Thesis also deals with the period preceding the constitution of the Slovak National Council in order to point out the historical reasons of establishment of this Slovak national authority in light of developing Czech-Slovak relationships from late 18th century to the Slovak National Uprising, after which the Slovak National Council had been established and taken the reins thereof afterwards. The Slovak National Council is considered in this Thesis a Slovak national authority which originated under the circumstances of the historical period as an expression of the Slovak nation's independence concurrently entering the anti-fascist and anti-nationalist struggle aimed at release from the factual German thraldom. Slovak National Council in 1944 through 1948 reflects the Slovak nation's position within the period common restoration of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Thesis analyses how the position had been deteriorating due to the following historical events, particularly due to power ambitions of the Soviet Union pursuing its sphere of influence in the Czechoslovak Republic mainly...
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Legal issues of cooperativization of Czech villages in the 1950s
Hanzálková, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with legal issues of agricultural collectivization (cooperativization) of Czech villages in 50th years of 20th century. This period produced many personal tragedies, destroyed lives, caused material damages and disrupted traditional village social structure. The thesis is divided into five chapters, in the beginning, the focus is on the idea of "collectivization of agriculture" in general (its meaning, origin, time before this process and also generalization in the context of the Eastern bloc countries). Next chapter is specialized on the process of collectivization in Czechoslovakia including the time of this period and definition of general used word (the word "JZD" and "státní statek" and the Soviet Union's equivalents "kolchoz" and "sovchoz"). The main point of the thesis is in the third chapter which describes very precisely first phase of agricultural collectivization in Czechoslovakia (preparation, approval of the "JZD" act, transformation according to soviet collectivization and analysis of methods used in the process of big farmers' liquidation and property confiscation). Very important part of this chapter is focused on the Mission "K" (preparation, course and problems with the realization). Focus was also taken on the detailed description of the term "kulak". The fourth...
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Constitutional changes in the Czechoslovak Republic in 1938-1939
Hofman, Lukáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
This work deals with legal aspects of changes in Czechoslovakia in 1938-1939. Firstly, it outlines the historical background and relationships that were being formed during the First Republic. It further deals, in particular, with the constitutional development in course of so-called Munich crisis, i.e. describes plans for rebuilding of Czechoslovakia, as well as adopted measures and the Munich agreement itself that led to reduction of the territory of the state and liquidation of its political and economic independence. It also deals with development of the Second, post-Munich Republic from both internal and international perspective. Regarding internal changes, it points out to creation of autonomous lands, election of president Hácha, adoption of Enabling Act and elections to autonomous assemblies. To make the picture complete, several issues regulated on level of ordinary acts are chosen that demonstrate a shift from principles of humanism and democracy. A part devoted to the international development depicts territorial losses in favor of neighboring countries, effort to obtain guarantees of borders, as well as it mentions forms of forced cooperation with Germany. The end of the work deals with disintegration of the state, i.e. declaration of Slovak independence and invasion in the Czech lands...
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The development of the registration of immovables in 1883-1993
Peňázová, Soňa ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of the register in the years 1883 - 1993. Real estate always played a very important role in human life and therefore their ownership played the key role. Not all the periods were favourable to property rights. This is a theme that is still current today, and each of the citizens can get acquainted in the practical life with the land register, which inter alia, contains the documents of the previous registers. That was one of the reasons why I chose this theme. Another reason was my not only professional, but also my private interest in the development of the real estate register. The purpose of the thesis is not to submit the coherent interpretation of the fabric. There are outlined the various important periods of the development of the real estate register in the thesis, including constitutionally-legal development of the ownership right. The core part of the work describes the individual principles and their development in the registers of real estate. The core part of the thesis describes the individual principles and their development in the register of real estate. There is also described in detail the contents of the land register and the contents of the register of real estate, because of the differences in the registration of property. Overall, the...
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Crimes of Communism: "Work camps at urnium mines in Jachymov and Pribram in 50 Between the 20th century"
Lukáš, Jiří ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
Crimes of Communism: "Forced labor camps at uranium mines in Jachymov and Pribram in Fifties of the 20th century " In this thesis, I tried to submit, if possible, factually true and correct image of a politically and legally difficult period in our postwar history. Communist revolution in February 1948 started the socialist reconstruction of our society with all the attendant phenomena of rising totalitarian power. Persecution of political opponents and their re-education and forced labor work in uranium mines in Jachymov and Pribram is a really sad reality of our recent history of the fifties of the last century. In retrospect, absurd crimes these prisoners and incredibly inhumane prison conditions and rules of inconvenient people in forced labor camps only show monstrosity of Communist ideology and are proof of loathing practices then representatives of the ruling party. Overview of forced labor camps, the operation of the communist judiciary, the number of incarcerated people, and unfortunately, the numbers who stay in the camps and work in uranium mines have not survived are so by drawing on what the historical stage brought our ancestors and what must remain unforgotten.
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Collectivization and transformation of Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture in the years 1945 - 2004, legal normative view
Hraba, Zdeněk ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee)
1 Abstract The subject of this work is to monitor a certain section changes the rule of law, regulating the organization and functioning of agriculture in the transition from one mode to another mode and period of stabilization. The work deals with the normative regulation of the Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture in the period of collectivized application form and the second part of the transition period in Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture on the market form. Collectivization and the actual development of the Czechoslovak socialized agriculture is defined as the years 1949-1990, transformation, or rather de- collectivization and the further development of the market, first Czechoslovak and later Czech agriculture, is dated from 1990 almost until today, and this work deals with the investigation of the legislation referred to by 2004, until the accession of the Czech Republic into the European Union. Since 2004 legislation has already ceased to be exclusively a matter of the state and must be adapted to European Union law, as well as the functioning of the market economic conditions of agriculture are modified implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. Collectivization and de-collectivization in this work is conceived in terms of cooperative forms, the specific issue of state...
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