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Glutamate Receptors and Endoplasmic Reticulum Quality Control
Tachezy, Ruth ; Horák, Martin (advisor) ; Adámek, Pavel (referee)
Quality control (QC) is a collection of processes taking part in the biogenesis and architecture of proteins. The objective of this thesis is to describe these processes in detail. QC takes place on many different levels in various compartments of the cell. The focus is on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) QC interconnected with cytosolic QC. There are multiple steps involved in ERQC: several types of protein translocation to the ER lumen, glycosylation, disulfide bond formation via protein disulfide isomerase, chaperones that assist to achieve a correct conformation, and ER- associated degradation pathway for retranslocation of misfolded proteins back to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded. Cytosolic QC is interconnected with the ERQC through various ways of translocation of proteins to the ER membrane or lumen. Proteins that are retranslocated from ER to the cytosol are ubiquitinated and subsequently degraded in the proteasome. Ubiquitination is a process of targeting a protein for degradation. Cytosolic chaperones and other cellular structures, such as aggresomes, juxtanuclear compartments, and insoluble protein deposits, take part in the ubiquitination. Calcium dysregulation that is linked to QC and correct protein folding in ER is also described. Some of the possible consequences of protein...
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The Study of Purchasing with the linkage to Production Processes
Svída, Jaroslav ; Adámek, Pavel (referee) ; Jurová, Marie (advisor)
In this diploma work I have attempted to solve problems about managing manufactoring resources in company used in servicing electro-technical production. Problems about manufactoring resources appeared in a time due to a loss of a significant customer when manufactoring resources have became disfunctional. Manufactoring resources reduction policy has been applied in various ways which have led to a significant reduction of a company’s stock.
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The interaction of kainate subtypes of glutamate receptors with steroid compounds.
Fraňková, Denisa ; Krůšek, Jan (advisor) ; Adámek, Pavel (referee)
Kainate receptors belong to the family of glutamate receptors, which include NMDA, AMPA and δ receptors. Glutamate receptors are widely found in the brain and therefore they are very dynamically investigated, especially from view of pharmacology, because there is great potential for finding new and more specific modulators which could be used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this work was to extend the knowledge about the influence of neurosteroids on homomeric kainate receptors (GluK1, GluK2, GluK3) in which is the study of modulation by neurosteroids still at the beginning. We have investigated interactions of homomeric kainate receptors with selected neurosteroids (pregnenolone sulfate, pregnanolone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) by using patch clamp method in the configuration of whole-cell recording and also by using microfluorometry. We have found out that the biggest modulating effect on homomeric kainate receptors is caused by pregnenolone sulfate, which inhibits glutamate responses of these receptors. Keywords kainate receptor, glutamate, neurosteroids, steroids, patch-clamp technique
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The influence of zinc ions on ionotropic glutamate receptors
Fraňková, Denisa ; Krůšek, Jan (advisor) ; Adámek, Pavel (referee)
Zinc is one of the most abundant divalent metal ion in the central nervous system, where it serves as regulator of many proteins (channels, receptors, pump...), product of neurosecretion or cofactor. The highest concentration of zinc in synaptic vesicles of the specific neurons, which are called zinc-containing neurons and it is subset of glutamatergic neurons. The cumulation of zinc in the synaptic neurons is arranged mostly by transporter ZnT3. A concentration of zinc in the synaptic's vesicles is about 1mmol/l and maybe higher. The zinc-containing neurons are mostly in forebrain, where create complex and neuronal network in mammalian's brain, which conect most of cerebral cortex and limbic system (Frederickson et al. 2000). Zinc is released from synapses after a stimulation (Vogt et al. 2000) and then it affects a lot of receptors, for example postsynaptic NMDA receptors (Koh & Choi 1994) and Ca2+ permeable AMPA and cainate receptors (Hong Z. Yin 1995), voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (Atar et al. 1995) and GABAA receptors (Ruiz et al. 2004). This bachelor thesis summarizes the efekt Zn2+ on the ionotropic glutamate receptors. It is mostly adressed on the NMDA receptors, which are the most affected by zinc. The first chapter is about structure of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which is followed up other...
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The role of TRPV1 receptors in chemokine CCL2 induced modulation of nociceptive synaptic transmission at spinal cord level
Adámek, Pavel ; Paleček, Jiří (advisor) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
Modulation of nociceptive synaptic transmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn is a significant mechanism in the development and maintenance of different pathological pain states. Accumulating evidence indicates that the TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) receptor and chemokine CCL2 (C-C motif ligand 2) may play a critical role in this process. The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate the CCL2 induced modulation of nociceptive synaptic transmission in the dorsal horn of spinal cord and the role of the TRPV1 receptors. To investigate this aim patch-clamp recordings of spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC, mEPSC) from superficial dorsal horn neurons in acute rat lumbar spinal cord slices were used. After acute application of CCL2 on the slice preparation from naïve animals, a frequency increase of both sEPSC and mEPSC was present. This CCL2 induced increase in both sEPSC and mEPSC frequency was prevented by the TRPV1 receptor antagonist SB366791 application. No changes were observed in the amplitudes of sEPSC or mEPSC after application of the CCL2, SB366791, or co-application of CCL2 and SB366791. This suggests that the observed changes were mediated predominantly by presynaptic mechanisms. The preliminary results indicate that after chronic constriction...
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The role of synaptic modulation in pain states.
Adámek, Pavel ; Paleček, Jiří (advisor) ; Moravec, Jan (referee)
Everybody has experienced pain. Pain by definition is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. In the peripheral tissues acute painful stimuli activate specialized endings of afferent neurons called nociceptors. The information about tissue damage is then transmitted to the cell bodies of these dorsal root ganglion neurons by unmyelinated or thinly myelinated axons (C and A fibers, respectively). The central branches of these neurons form synapses with superficial dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord. The information is conveyed at the synaptic connections by neurotransmitters such as glutamate and many others neuromodulators. Important is the subsequent activation of projection neurons that transmit the information to supraspinal brain areas. Activity of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons, glial cells and descending pathways from the CNS are also important for the modulation of nociceptive information at the spinal cord level. After peripheral tissue damage and in other pathological states, increased sensitivity to peripheral stimuli may develop. As results of this change innocuous stimuli are perceived as painful (alodynia) and increased pain is perceived after noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia). The underlying mechanisms of these changes may be...
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An assessment of the financial effectiveness in purchase of own flat as possible alternatives of housing
Adámek, Pavel ; Kocourková, Gabriela (referee) ; Vaňková, Lucie (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the first part to gather theoretical and methodological knowledge about sources of funding in their own home and family planning personal finances. In the second part are then used to build the knowledge model situations three types of funding for each property separately. Produced models are primarily based on a comparison of the total financial cost and burden on the family budget. Consequently, the aim of using these evaluation and based on other findings in the final stage to propose recommendations that option purchase their own property will be best for the family.
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Study of Electromechanical Power Generator for Energy Harvesting Use
Adámek, Pavel ; Singule, Vladislav (referee) ; Hadaš, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work deals with complex information about state-of-the-art harvesting electric energy from mechanical energy. Particular constructional and physical principles of electromechanical conversion are shown. Further, it presents a proposal of generator, which the owner would be able to carry always without being troubled by it (e.g. generator electric energy in shoe) and which would feed energetically simple devices.
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Optimalization of Financial Resources of the Investment Project
Adámek, Pavel ; Prodělal,, František (referee) ; Korytárová, Jana (advisor)
The aim of this work is in the first part to gather theoretical and methodological knowledge on the sources of financing of fixed assets and the second part is then used to build models of three types of financing. The created models are mainly based on the comparison of resulting cash flows. Subsequently, in order to help those cash flows and the additional findings in the final stage of design recommendations that could be helpful for the company selecting the optimum source of investment project funding.
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Vliv přípravků s růstovými stimulátory (fytohormony) na růst, vývoj a zdravotní stav smrku ztepilého a buku lesního ve 3. LVS na LHC Ketkovice
Adámek, Pavel
The aim of this bachelor thesis was evaluate the effect of the preparation with phytohormones on development of Norway spruce and European beech in the 3rd forest vegetation tier. The research was conducted at the LHC Ketkovice, natural forest area 33 - Předhoří Českomoravské vrchoviny. There were established five research areas in cultures with problematic growth. Especially, has been researched the effects of granulated fertilizers Silvamix and organo-mineral stimulat Vermaktiv Stimul. Effect of preparations was evaluated based on height increments and nutrition, also was evaluated health condition. The results showed that preparations with phytohormones can positively influence growth and health status on these habitat conditions.
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