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Synthesis and study of spectral and photophysical properties of a new water-soluble azaphthalocyanine bearing saccharide units on the periphery
Krepsová, Veronika ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Švec, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate Mgr. Veronika Krepsová Supervisor PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Rigorous Thesis Synthesis and Study of Spectral and Photophysical Properties of a New Water-soluble Azaphthalocyanine Bearing Saccharide Units on the Periphery Azaphthalocyanines (AzaPc), the aza-analogues of phthalocyanines are macrocyclic compounds with large conjugated system giving them interesting spectral and photophysical properties useable in photodynamic therapy. An important condition for their use in this application is to provide solubility in an aqueous medium without losing their photodynamic activity. Water solubility can be achieved by the introduction of hydrophilic substituents on the periphery of the macrocycle. Hydrophilic substituents may be charged (anionic, cationic) or uncharged (e.g. hydroxyl-bearing). The aim of this thesis was to prepare and to study the properties of the water-soluble AzaPc bearing uncharged substituents on periphery, concretely saccharide unit, leading to AzaPc with 32 hydroxyl groups on the periphery. Zinc was chosen as the central metal because the zinc AzaPc are stable and responsible for good photophysical properties....
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The death of Tsar Nicholas II and its reverberations in contemporary Czech environment
Nováková, Veronika Kateřina ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
The main goal of the bachelor thesis "The death of Tsar Nicholas II and its reverberations in contemporary Czech environment" is to paint a compehensive picture of the death of the family of Russia's last Tsar and its reverbations in former Czechoslovakia. The text recounts the life and reign of Nicholas II with a closer focus on the murder of all family members in July 1918. It places the last moments of the Tsarist regime along with its sovereign in the context of contemporary Czech environment. It delves into the reverbations of Tsar's death and the coming of a new regime in Czech press, and the cultural and political scenes.
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The Effect of Bulkiness of Non-peripheral Substituents of Phthalocyanines on their Absorption and Photophysical properties
Paušímová, Zuzana ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Švec, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department Department od Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Student Zuzana Paušímová Supervisor doc. PharmDr. Veronika Nováková Ph.D. Title of thesis The Effect of Bulkiness of Non-peripheral Substituents of Phthalocyanines on their Absorption and Photophysical Properties Phthalocyanines are planar macrocyclic compounds which absorb the light over 670 nm due to their large system of conjugated double bounds. Peripheral substitution of phthalocyanines significantly affects the position of the main absorption band. Absorption at longer wavelengths is highly advantageous in any biological applications because such light does not interfere with endogenous chromophores. It was discovered that the desired red-shift of absorption band is much more pronounced at non-peripherally substituted phthalocyanines. However, it was recently found out that the presence of bulky non-peripheral substituent shifts significantly absorption maximum back to lower wavelengths. The aim of this study was to explain this phenomenon more in detail. For this purpose, a series of phthalocyanines bearing non-peripheral (alkyl- or arylsulphanyl) substituents of different bulkiness was prepared. Syntheses included nucleophilic substitution leading to appropriate...
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Synthesis and study of ceramides with deuterated acyl chain
Hudská, Klára ; Vávrová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Candidate: Klára Hudská Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Kateřina Vávrová, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Synthesis and study of ceramides with deuterated acyl chain Ceramides are a complex group of lipids belonging to sphingolipids. They are the most important component in stratum corneum and play an essential role in protecting the skin from excessive water loss and other environmental damages. Despite the fact that ceramides are a subject of intensive research, the exact effect of their structure on barrier skin function has not been fully explained. The aim of this diploma thesis was to synthesize a series of ceramides derived from sphingosin with deuterated acyl chains with chain lenght 4C, 16C and 24C and their study using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to understand the behaviour of ceramides in SC and their structure-activity relationships. The study of the synthesized ceramides using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy revealed that, at skin temperature, lipid chains are arranged in orthorhombic subcell, mostly with all-trans conformation. While the CerNS24 prefers extended conformation with its acyl associated with the acyl of LA and cholesterol associated with the sphingosin chain in...
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Benzodiazines as compounds with potential bronchodilatory effect
Ježková, Věra ; Špulák, Marcel (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Candidate: Věra Ježková Consultant: PharmDr. Marcel Špulák, PhD. Title of Thesis: Benzodiazines as compounds with potential bronchodilatory effect The most active compounds from previous screening contained (piperidine-1-yl)propyl moiety attached to quinazoline or quinoxaline rings. The goal of this project was to introduce hydroxyl into the three-membered carbon linker with a possibility of further modification. The synthesis was carried out employing the reaction of commercially available quinazolinone and racemic epichlorohydrin leading to epoxide which undergoes nucleophilic attack resulting in hydroxyquinazolinones. Similarly, this reaction sequence was applied on quinoxalinone. However, the attempts with sulphur analogue of quinazolinone and quinoxalinone failed. All prepared compounds have been evaluated for their bronchodilatory activity. The results indicated similar level of bronchodilatory effect as their precursors, except one with cyclohexylamine ring, which showed higher bronchodilatory effect.
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Comparison of Photophysical Properties of Different Types of Azaphthalocyanines
Reimerová, Petra ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Kubíček, Vladimír (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Petra Reimerová Supervisor: PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Comparison of Photophysical Properties of Different Types of Azaphthalocyanines Phthalocyanines and their aza-analogues azaphthalocyanines are organic dyes with planar macrocyclic structure and metal cation coordinated in the center. They can be used in many applications - for example as sensors, dyes or sensitizers in photodynamic therapy. The aim of this study was to compare photophysical properties (absorption, fluorescence, singlet oxygen production), solubility, aggregation and acid-base properties of several molecules 1-7 that differ in the type of macrocyclic core (see Figure below). The strength of absorption expressed as an extinction coefficient increased with the bathochromic shift of the Q-band. The position of the Q band depended on the number of conjugated double bonds and on the position of the peripheral substituents. Isosteric exchange of benzene rings to pyrazine rings shifted Q-band to shorter wavelength. Quantum yields of singlet oxygen (Φ∆) and quantum yields of fluorescence (ΦF) were determined in pyridine and THF by comparative method with ZnPc as a reference....
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Determination of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Drugs
Smolová, Eva ; Kubíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Title and author's name Eva Smolová Institution Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové Specialization Pharmacy Title of thesis Determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of drugs Consultant Ing. Vladimír Kubíček, CSc. Number of pages 75 Defended 2014 Keywords Dissociation constant, Potentiometry, Spectrophotometry The aim of the thesis was the determination of dissociation constants of eight potential drugs (synthetized at Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis) using potentiometric and UV-VIS spectrophotometric methods. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused preferably to protolytic reactions, pH determination and dissociation constant determination. Utilization of dissociation constants is described in the last paragraph of the theoretical part. The experimental part deals with the description of dissociation constant measurements and processing experimental data. In the final part the results are summarized. Parts of the human body, in which the studied drugs would be found in the neutral form, are given. The obtained results were compared with literary data. Agreement of the most of the results with the literary data is very good.
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Photophysical and Photochemical Study of Metal Free Phthalocyanines and Their Azaanalogues
Ludvová, Lucie ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Švec, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Lucie Ludvová Supervisor: PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Photophysical and Photochemical Study of Metal Free Phthalocyanines and Their Azaanalogues This work deals with phthalocyanines and azaphthalocyanines that are macrocyclic compounds with large conjugated system giving them interesting photophysical properties. The aim of this work was to prepare new phthalocyanines and azaphthalocyanines and complete a previously prepared series of compounds. Concretely, the compounds with peripheral substituents connected through oxygen (tert-butoxy for azaphthalocyanines and butoxy and tert-butoxy for phthalocyanines) were intended to prepare. The work was mainly focused on the synthesis of intermediates (4,5-dibutoxyphthalonitrile and 4,5-di-tert-butoxyphthalonitrile), that are precursors for the preparation of phthalocyanines. 4,5-disubstituted phthalonitriles with a substituents bound through heterotom are usually synthesized using nucleophilic substitution of 4,5-dichlorophthalonitrile. However, this procedure was not successful in our case. The method was changed and 4,5-dibutoxyphthalonitrile was successfully prepared from pyrocatechol,...
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Preparation of Substituted Arylsulfanyl Azaphthalocyanine
Filandrová, Tereza ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate Mgr. Tereza Filandrová Consultant PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, PhD. Title of Thesis Preparation of substituted arylsulfanyl azaphthalocyanine The aim of this thesis was to prepare a series of symmetrical azaphthalocyanines (AzaPc) with arylsulfanyls on the periphery with different bulky substituents in the ortho positions (hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl) or a functional group in the para position (-Br). These AzaPc were prepared by cyclotetramerization reactions of 5,6-disubstituted pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile namely 5,6-bis(phenylsulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, 5,6-bis((2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile and 5,6-bis-((2,6- diisopropylphenyl)sulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. These precursors were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of 5,6-dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile with commercially available thiophenol and 2,6-dimethylbenzenthiol or synthesized 2,6- diisopropylbenzentiol.The latter one had to be prepared by the Newman-Kwart rearrangement. Several cyclotetramerization methods were compared resulting thus in magnesium, zinc and metal free AzaPcs. Properties of prepared AzaPcs were also studied and compared...
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