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Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of genus Narcissus and their biological activity.
Al Mamun, Abdullah ; Cahlíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Mučaji, Pavel (referee) ; Strnad, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: MSc. Abdullah Al Mamun Supervisor: Prof. Ing. Lucie Cahlíková, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of the genus Narcissus and their biological activity. Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton has been chosen for the phytochemical investigation based on the screening study. An alkaloidal extract of 485 g has been obtained from 30 kg of fresh bulbs. Repeated liquid-liquid extraction gave 187 g of concentrated crude extract, which was separated by column chromatography (CC, Al2O3; 5800 g), followed by repetitive CC, preparative TLC, and crystallization. Thirteen previously described Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were obtained along with four novel compounds named carltonine A, B, C, and narciabduliine. All compounds were identified and characterized by spectrometric techniques (1D and 2D NMR, CD, and HRMS) and by comparison with data from the literature. Alkaloids isolated in sufficient amounts were used for further evaluation of their inhibition activity against human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE), butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE) and prolyloligopeptidase (POP). Carltonine A and B demonstrated promising inhibition activity against the hBuChE enzyme with IC50 values of...
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Portability of transformation of lower secondary ICT education in England into the Czech conditions
Strnad, Michal ; Černochová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Neumajer, Ondřej (referee)
TITLE: Portability of transformation of lower secondary ICT education in England into the Czech conditions AUTHOR: Bc. Michal Strnad DEPARTMENT: Department of Information Technology and Technical Education SUPERVISOR: Doc. RNDr. Miroslava Černochová, CSc. ABSTRACT: This thesis deals with teaching Computing subjects at secondary schools in England as a model for transformation of teaching ICT at schools in the Czech Republic. The thesis focuses on the portability of aspects of teaching Computing to the Czech environment and endeavours to identify the possible barriers to implementation processes. The aim of the thesis is to bring new stimuli for changes in the Czech ICT curriculum that are based on the experience of teaching ICT and Computing in the UK. The theoretical part of the thesis consists of the analysis and comparison of the Czech and British curricular documents and the study of academic and journalistic texts. The empirical part uses questionnaires focused on opinions of Czech and English experts on teaching ICT or Computing. It also uses interviews with English teachers of Computing and observations of Computing and ICT lessons at English secondary schools. Based on the results of both parts of the thesis, several recommendations for changes in the ICT study program in Framework Educational...
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Antipredatory behaviour of Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) in breeding season
Strnad, Martin
Antipredatory behaviour of Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) in breeding season The aim of this study was to evaluate nest defence behaviour of the Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) in response to five different predator mounts. These predators differ in the degree of potential threat they represent to defending birds and their eggs or nestlings in the nest. The Red-backed Shrike was chosen as a model species because of its well known aggressivity towards predators including humans. Mobbing (form of antipredatory behaviour) can occur year round, although it is more intense during the breeding season and is usually used to deter predators from the vicinity of the nest. Like other forms of parental investment, predator mobbing could be valuable if the predator is successfully chased away, but may also bring serious threat of injury. It is also both time and energy consuming. Moreover, different predators represent different perils either to nest content or to defending parents. Thus, it is very demanding for parents to evaluate the situation properly and choose the best nest defence strategy. Nest defence responses were studied in two different predator guilds: raptors/owl and corvids. We presented mounted individuals of two raptor species (Sparrowhawk and Kestrel), mount of Long-eared owl and two corvid...
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Mechanisms of replicative, drug- and oncogene-induced cellular senescence
Košař, Martin ; Bartek, Jiří (advisor) ; Strnad, Miroslav (referee) ; Mistrík, Martin (referee)
Cells continuously experience various forms of exogenous and endogenous stress stimuli. Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell-cycle arrest, is a physiological response that prevents proliferation of damaged cells. It is an important tumor suppressive mechanism, because evading senescence in pre-malignant tumors leads to cancer progression. However, in the long term, senescence can also contribute to tissue aging. Our understanding of the causes and consequences of senescence can provide important insights into processes such as cancer development and aging and may help us design new therapeutic approaches. In the first part of my thesis, we investigated a relationship between two known tumor suppressor pathways, the DNA Damage Response (DDR) and the Alternative Reading Frame (ARF), in response to oncogenic insults. By using several mouse models, human clinical samples and cell culture models we showed, that ARF activation occurs at a later stage of tumor progression than activation of the DDR. Moreover, ARF activation requires a higher level (threshold) of oncogenic stress than DDR. Therefore, we proposed, that ARF represents a delayed and complementary barrier to tumor progression. Senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) formation, representing pronounced changes in chromatin,...
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Využití dřeva v historii na příkladu vybraného souboru výrobků Muzea vesnice jihovýchodní Moravy ve Strážnici
Strnad, Matěj
This work deals with the historical use of selected wooden products. The aim of this work was to find out what kind of wood was most commonly used in the past for the product type. Results were then compared with literature. Selected objects are located in the premises of the Village Museum of Southeast Moravia in Strážnice. The anatomical identification of the wood species was performed directly on sampling based on macroscopic features of wood. In case it was not possible to clearly determine the type of wood, the products were sampled, which were then determined in the laboratory using microscopic features of wood. Altogether, 318 samples were processed from 6 kinds of subjects. These were ladder trucks and carts, sledges a freight sledge, a throttle wheels and a barrel. 17 kinds of tree species were identified. The most common tree species was Ash tree (Fraxinus sp.), specifically for the production of trucks. Another species were found as beech (Fagus sp.), oak (Quercus sp.), elm (Ulmus sp.), spruce (Picea sp.) or fir (Abies sp.). In one case, there was also a wartybark evonymus (Euonymus sp.). This wood was used for the production of drawbar. Toggle wheels and their components were examined separately, and the oak was most used for their production. Generally were chosen wood species of medium density (601 to 650 kg /m
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Historický vývoj a dokumentace vodní pily/mlýnu 'Jelínkův mlýn' v Mariánském údolí v Brně-Líšni
Strnad, Matěj
This work deals with the documentation and methods of restoring the water drive saw-mill, which is located in the Mariánské Valley in Brno-Líšen. The purpose of this work is to document and propose a repair methods for presentation and practical use of saw-mill. One of the main requirements for object reconstruction is to preserve its historical value. Historical development will focus on the object as a whole. However, the documentation and repair proposals will focus in detail on the saw-mill. This work will include a drawing attachment of the recommended repair alternative. In addition, elaborated proposal serves to obtain the technical parameters of the saw. The sawmill should serve as a technical and cultural monument for presentation purposes in the future.
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Industrial control system security design
Strnad, Matěj ; Martin,, Keprt (referee) ; Sedlák, Petr (advisor)
The subject of the master's thesis is a design of security measures for securing of an industrial control system. It includes an analysis of characteristics of communication environment and specifics of industrial communication systems, a comparison of available technological means and a design of a solution according to investor's requirements.
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