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Linguistic Hedges in Czech and English
Kim, Sujin ; Starý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines two types of hedges; propositional hedges, which are responsible for vagueness in the propositional content of the statement, and relational hedges, which refer to the vagueness in the relation between the propositional content and the speaker. The goal is to show how hedges interact with cognition and its importance in how we form and understand the meaning of an utterance. This has been done by examining propositional hedges in relation to relevance theory and relational hedges in relation to the grammatical category of evidentiality. Hedges and hedging are important means of our everyday communication, one without which it would be impossible to express what we mean. Keywords Hedge, relevance theory, evidentiality, evidential, categorization, vagueness, communication strategies
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Comparison of Phrasems with Names of Parts of the Body in Czech and Persian
Khademi, Mona ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Čermák, František (referee)
The aim of this work is to compare the phrasemes and proverbs of two different languages, which from the historical point of view come from the same common ground, but have developed independently for the last few thousand years. Due to the grammatical differences between the two languages, the thesis focuses on semantic and lexical similarities and differences. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, we define the terms phraseme, collocation phrase, idiom, adage and others and describe the metaphor and metonymy as two frequent mechanisms, applied in proverbs and phrases. In the practical part, we compare the Czech and Persian proverbs and phrasemes containing body parts. The practical part is organized according to the frequency of phrasemes for individual body parts in Persian. Each body part contains idioms broken down by the degree of equivalence. The conclusion is unexpected, as the degree of consistency or the similarity of the phrasemes is greater than we assumed because of geographic, cultural and historical differences
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Collocations of the lemma "kámen" in the Czech National Corpus
Russkikh, Olga ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Hnátková, Milena (referee)
The work focuses on examining the collocation of the lemma kámen in the SYN Version 4 of the Czech National Corpus, namely the combination of adjectives with the noun kámen in the simile jako kámen.The bachelor's thesis is divideded into two parts: the theoretical part and the practical one. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with some fundamental terms which are needed for the following practical research. The practical part of the thesis analyses the meaning of adjectives in the above-mentioned simile in individual examples from the Czech National Corpus. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is also to find unusual cases of the use of this simile. Key words lexicology, concept, lexeme, collocation, corpus linguistics
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Collocations of the lemmas "země" and "nebe" in the Czech National Corpus
Maslova, Alexandra ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Hnátková, Milena (referee)
In this bachelor thesis we are examining lemmas "nebe" and "země" in the Czech National Corpus. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on explaining the terms of basic lexical units, lemmas and collocations. Beyond that, it contains a brief description of phraseology and idiomics and introduction to the Czech National Corpus. The practical part contains the materials obtained in the search in dictionaries and in the corpus, its comparative analysis and more detailed description of data founded in the corpus.
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Grammatical Category of Nouns and so called singularia tantum (based on the The Czech National Corpus data analysis)
Chobalko, Antonina ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Adamovičová, Ana (referee)
In our thesis, we focus on singularia tantum, which are nouns that are used only in the singular. More specifically, we focused on the names of the food that are typical examples of singularia tantum. However, we found that many of these nouns are to be found in the plural as well, but the most recent Czech dictionary (2005) does not include this kind of information. In our thesis, we show list of these nouns and we show how they are used in plural. At the same time we find many examples, where contemporary practice in the Czech language diverges from this dictionary.
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Idioms with numerical component in the Czech and Chinese Languages
Gong, Luoxi ; Hasil, Jiří (advisor) ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (referee)
This Master's thesis is devoted to comparing Czech and Chinese phrasemes and idioms containing basic numbers of one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and ten. The theoretical work contains materials related to the definitions, history and traditions of IF in Czech and Chinese linguistics, as well as the history of phraseological discipline in their own countries. After comparing the conceptual and associative meanings of the numerals after entering some collocations in both languages, the obtained materials were analyzed by statistics. In the last part of this work we demonstrated the equivalents of phrasemes in the second language. Key words: phrasem, chengyu, idiomics and phraseology, numerals as a component of phrasemes, equivalents, Czech and Chinese. .
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Czech Translations of The Government Inspector by N.V.Gogol
Yevsyuková, Yekaterina ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Stárková, Zuzana (referee)
The bachelor thesis compares selected Czech translations of the drama The Government Inspector written by Gogol. The thesis summarizes Gogol's lifetime, his bibliography and the origin of his work. The thesis also analyzes the content of drama The Government Inspector including the characters. Furthermore, it is focused on theoretical knowledge of translatology. In the thesis are described particularities of Russian. The thesis also introduces two of Czech translators and the age of their work. By analysis are summarized differences of selected translations and are compared with the original. The conclusion contains the review of selected translations. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Religious phrasemes in Czech and Russian (based on corpora research)
Kovaleva, Anastasia ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Adamovičová, Ana (referee)
In this bachelor thesis we are exploring phrases with religious motives in czech and russian languages. This thesis contains two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on summarizing phraseology history as a linguistical discipline. Beside that, it contains a number of the phraseological and idiomatical classifications by the different criteria. The practical part analyses the phrases and idioms with Biblical, ancient and Slavic polytheism origins by its degree of the equivalence and relative frequency in the chosen language corporas (ČNK - SYN and RNK - publicistic and basic). Beyond that, it contains the list of the phrases and idioms with the non- existing saints' names. Key words: ČNK, RNK, phrase, idiom
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Collocations of the lemma "voda" in the Czech National Corpus
Kotrbatá, Domnika ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Škodová, Svatava (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the connection of adjectives with the lemma "voda" in the Czech National Corpus. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The theoretical part focuses on the definition and explanation of the basic concepts of lexicology, for example, lexeme, term, concept, multi-word lexeme, phrases, idioms, etc. In addition, the theoretical part is dedicated to collocability and collocation phrases. The analytical part includes search of adjectives connected with the noun "water" in the Czech National Corpus SYN2015, then its categorization, and an independent analysis. For clarity, I chose to categorize by frequency. It is necessary to explain the investigated collocations from the semantic side. It is also necessary to compare the obtained results with the results that appear in dictionaries of Czech language, specifically in Příruční slovníku jazyka českého (1957), Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (1989), Slovník české frazeologie a idiomatiky, výrazy neslovesné (2009), Slovník české frazeologie a idiomatiky, výrazy větné (2009) and Tezaurus jazyka českého, slovník českých slov a frází souznačných, blízkých a příbuzných (2007). In conclusion, the incurred results are categorized into basic groups. Keywords: collocations, lemma
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Perfective and imperfective verbs derived from -nést, -nášet, -nosit in combination with prefixes vy- and v- (based on the The Czech National Corpus data analysis)
Solovej, Natalie ; Starý Kořánová, Ilona (advisor) ; Hudousková, Andrea (referee)
The subject of this thesis are the verbs of motion with the roots -nést, -nášet, -nosit in conjunction with the prefixes vy- and v-. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and analytical part. The theoretical part focuses on determinate and indeterminate verbs of motion, their specificity and their use in metaphorical expressions. Furthermore, the theoretical part focuses on the verbal aspect, prefixes and the issues with valence. The analytical part of the work contains a separate analysis of the verbs and is based on the Czech national corpus SYN2010. Selected verbs are categorized according to their structure of valences and analysed from their semantic and syntactic points of view. The aim of this thesis is to compare the results with those that are found in Czech language dictionaries, specifically in the dictionaries of Czech valences: Slovník slovesných, substantivních a adjektivních vazeb a spojení (2005), Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (1989) and Valenční slovník českých sloves VALLEX (2008). Keywords: determinate - indeterminate verbs, verbal aspect, iterativity - noniterativity, verbal prefixes vy- and v-, verbal valence
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