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Energy metabolism of inbred mouse strains and its modulation by diet
Kůs, Vladimír
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders, called as "metabolic syndrome", currently represent a major social and economical problem of public health. From the energy balance point of view, long-lasting energy surplus leads eventually to massive accumulation of energy stores resulting in various adverse effects on metabolism and health. General goal of the thesis was to examine these metabolic disorders at cellular and whole-body level using suitable mouse models. The main focus was on the most metabolically active tissue, namely skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue and on the regulatory roles of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and leptin in the energy metabolism. The whole thesis is based on four published studies. Two studies were focused on skeletal muscle. In the first study, we proved the involvement of leptin and AMPK in the metabolic response to high-fat diet-feeding. We described a mechanism of muscle non- shivering thermogenesis based on enhanced lipid catabolism, which contributes to the genetically-determined resistance of inbred A/J mice to obesity. Such mechanism was not operating in obesity-prone C57BL/6 mice. In the second study, performed using C57BL/6 mice, we have described beneficial effect of combination treatment using n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) of...
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Energetický metabolismus inbredních myších linií a jeho ovlivnění dietou
Kůs, Vladimír ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Nováková, Olga (referee) ; Mráček, Tomáš (referee)
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders, called as "metabolic syndrome", currently represent a major social and economical problem of public health. From the energy balance point of view, long-lasting energy surplus leads eventually to massive accumulation of energy stores resulting in various adverse effects on metabolism and health. General goal of the thesis was to examine these metabolic disorders at cellular and whole-body level using suitable mouse models. The main focus was on the most metabolically active tissue, namely skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue and on the regulatory roles of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and leptin in the energy metabolism. The whole thesis is based on four published studies. Two studies were focused on skeletal muscle. In the first study, we proved the involvement of leptin and AMPK in the metabolic response to high-fat diet-feeding. We described a mechanism of muscle non- shivering thermogenesis based on enhanced lipid catabolism, which contributes to the genetically-determined resistance of inbred A/J mice to obesity. Such mechanism was not operating in obesity-prone C57BL/6 mice. In the second study, performed using C57BL/6 mice, we have described beneficial effect of combination treatment using n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) of...
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Endogenous steroid dehydroepiandrosterone and its role in modulation of local metabolism of glucocorticoids
Imrichová, Terezie ; Pácha, Jiří (advisor) ; Kůs, Vladimír (referee)
The anti-glucocorticoid effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have been known for many years. However, its molecular basis have not been elucidated yet. The results of certain experiments suggest that not DHEA but its 7-oxygenated metabolites 7-OH-DHEA, 7-OH-DHEA a 7-oxo-DHEA are the antiglucocorticoid molecules. Various hypothesis about how these steroids exert their antiglucocorticoid action have been tested during the last several years. Some of them were reliably disproved (e.g. the competitive inhibition of glucocorticoid receptors), others were validated (e.g. the DHEA-mediated change in expression of certain enzymes participating in glucocorticoid metabolism), and yet others are still being considered. Nevertheless, clarifying the nature of the anti-glucocorticoid effect of DHEA or its metabolites is crucial for its possible use as a therapeutic drug.
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Studium difrakčních procesů na experimentu ATLAS
Kůs, Vlastimil ; Valkárová, Alice (referee) ; Taševský, Marek (advisor)
The chapter of forward and diraction physics is an indispensable and always a rich part of the physics menu of any experiment at high-energy accelerators. In last years, a big eort was put to study and estimate the feasibility or a discovery potential of Higgs boson produced in the central exclusive diraction events at LHC. These processes have a chance to become competitive or complementary to the program of the Higgs boson search in standard (non-diraction) processes, in particular in the supersymmetric extension of the Standard model. In this thesis an analysis of the central exclusive production of Higgs boson decaying to two tau leptons is performed, along with investigations of corresponding background processes.
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Voltage convertors for microprocessor devices
Kus, Václav ; Kolouch, Jaromír (referee) ; Michálek, Václav (advisor)
The task of this semester work is carried out summary converters DC / DC power supply suitable for small microprocessor devices with LCD display. As the input source voltage is 9V battery or two batteries (3V). The market has recently appeared a lot of manufacturers of these drives but more detailed information often not available. This work I wanted to help in selecting the correct convertor for your microprocessor equipment. The aim is not to describe all DC / DC converters. Another point of this work is the proposal of two DC / DC converters powered from 9V battery, and two converters fed from two batteries 1.5V. These converters are measured throughout the operating range of output values. This work also contains the documentation for the construction and use.
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Universal and fully analog oscillator with transconductance amplifiers
Kus, Václav ; Zaplatílek, Karel (referee) ; Hruboš, Zdeněk (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design a universal analog oscillator using transconductance amplifiers. For studying behaviour of chaotic dynamical systems can be used systems Class C. Suitable way for the purpose modeling dynamic phenomena arising in these systems is an electronic circuit that exhibits the same behavior as modeled system. After familiarization with the basic principles of synthesis of integrators systems, and studying the involvement of frequently used functional blocks were designed the concept of universal chaotic oscillator using transconductance amplifiers. The functionality of this circuit has been verified by PSpice simulation program. A typical feature of chaotic oscillator is extremely sensitivity to initial conditions. Each small change on the initial parameters can lead to major change in the shape of the attractor. The result of this thesis is a functional sample of a universal chaotic oscillator, which was verified by the dynamic behavior of the given differential equations.
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Written texts of contemporary electronic commucations (chat, discussion forums and social networks) in view of functional style of common commucation.
KŮS, Václav
This thesis deals with the functional style "prostěsdělovací" in contemporary electronic communication interfaces chat, discussion forums and social networking posts. In this work, knowledge of professional literature in the field of functional stylistics confronted with the practice of online texts. These texts are written, without direct contact communicant, but communica tion is spontaneous and unprepared. Primarily oral communication is replaced by a written communication to the maintenance of the properties of spoken many things are communicated. The aim of this work is to develop the existing knowledge of new knowledge, describe the current state and changes in the electronic mass communication.
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The Burnout Syndrom
KŮS, Vilém
Burnout is a problem of modern times. Few talk about it, he is not classified as a disease, but we meet with him in a many professions, especially in the helping professions. In my work I focus on burnout in police officers, on it´s characteristic symptoms, possible causes and consequences of burnout, related or other negative phenomena, such as fatigue, stress, depression etc. It also discusses preventive procedures and manuals how to prevent burnout and how to manage it. At the same time I realize how much of police officers and what groups are at risk of burnout syndrome.
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