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Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non Contractual Duty in Civil Law
Janoušková, Anežka ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee) ; Petrov, Jan (referee)
Damages for Breach of Contractual and Non-Contractual Duty in Civil Law - Abstract The thesis at hand deals with liability for non-performance of a contract and liability in tort. The new Civil Code abandoned the general rule of Sec. 420 of Act No. 40/1964 Coll., which did not distinguish between contractual and non-contractual liability. The new Civil Code thus provides for two different liability regimes depending on whether the wrongdoer and the victim entered into a contract (or similar obligation) or not. While liability in tort is governed by Sec. 2909 and 2910 CC, contractual liability is stipulated in Sec. 2913 CC. The thesis strives to examine this important change in its complexity when emphasis in being put onto the theoretical, comparative and historical context. Firstly, the thesis provides for the basic theoretical background of liability in civil law and looks at the foundations of its division into contract and tort. The author further dives into the topic from a comparative perspective. Given the inspirational sources of the Czech Civil Code, the thesis focuses mainly on German and Austrian approach. The thesis also gives a brief summary of the historical development in the Czech civil law. The main part of the thesis focuses on the relevant provisions, their relationship and conditions for...
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Relative Ineffectiveness of Legal Actions in a Comparative Perspective
Janoušková, Anežka ; Elischer, David (referee)
1 Relative Ineffectiveness of Legal Actions in a Comparative Perspective Abstract The thesis at hand deals with Sections 589 to 599 of the Civil Code which governs the relative ineffectiveness of legal acts. Thus, it probes provisions designed to legally and economically protect the creditor from a fraudulent conveyance of a debtor. The aim of the thesis is to interpret the afore-said provisions in a way that would comply with the sense and purpose of the explored legal institution. In that respect, an emphasis is laid on a comparative analysis of Austrian and German approach both having tradition lasting more than 130 years. On top of that, the thesis describes the conception adhered to in the Czech territory between 1950 and 1964 and especially before 1950 when the Acts on the right to contest were in effect. The knowledge gained is subsequently confronted with the current Czech legal doctrine and case-law of the highest courts that relates to the interpretation of Sec. 42a of the Civil Code from 1964. The author tries to examine and eventually reassess the existing approach in the light of comparative findings. Especially recent case-law of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic is being deeply analysed. Those conclusions which mostly comply with the meaning of law and its purpose are being preferred....
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Breaking-off contract negotiations without justifiable grounds
Janoušková, Anežka ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
Breaking-off contract negotiations without justifiable grounds Abstract The thesis at hand deals with Sec. 1729 of the Civil Code which governs the liability for breaking-off contract negotiations without justifiable grounds. Its aim is to interpret the afore-said provision that forms an inherent part of the newly introduced regulation of pre-contractual liability. The thesis discusses both the conditions for establishing the liability for breaking-off contract negotiations and concurrently the legal consequences thereof. The difficulties in terms of interpretation, incidental to the introduction of this provision, are attempted to be solved by use of theological interpretative method and inspiration drawn from the comparative study of German and Austrian state of law. Finally, the thesis strives for analysing the case-law of the Czech Supreme Court related to the previous legislation and answering a question to which extent the conclusions previously arrived at by this court may be uphold following the recodification process. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter emphasizes the importance and role of the principles of freedom of contract and good faith which are crucial for better understanding of culpa in contrahendo. It also elaborates, albeit in general terms, on the matter of...
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