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Identification of horizontal genes transfer elements across strains inhabiting the same niche using pan-genome analysis
Schwarzerová, J. ; Čejková, D.
Tracing horizontal gene flux across strains in farm animals is one of the important steps for research focused on detection and genomic enzymology of genes conferring antibiotic resistance. In this study, we have built the comprehensive computational methodology for the detection of horizontal genes transfer elements via pan-genome analysis. In total, 133 anaerobes isolated from chicken gastrointestinal tract were examined for the presence of traits of horizontal transfer. The shared genes from all isolates, so called core genome genes were identified and characterised in order to assign the function to the gene within individual bacterial cell and within community of cells. This study provides an evidence that horizontal transmission frequently occurs not only between closely related bacteria, but also between distant taxonomical groups. Hence chickens are known primary reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes, and the dissemination of these genes to other bacterial pathogens often leads to life-threatening infections, even within human population. Thus, the research on this subject, and the associated results are of a great importance for public health.
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The impact of cannabidiol consumption on oral microbiome composition
Richweissová, Viktória ; Bartoň, Vojtěch (referee) ; Čejková, Darina (advisor)
The composition of oral microbiome plays a significant role in maintaining both oral, and overall systemic health. When in equilibrium, the oral microbiome maintains the oral cavity in health. However, certain ecological shifts in the microbiota allow pathogens to manifest and cause various oral and systemic diseases. The analysis of the oral microbiome makes it possible to define the role of its components in health and disease, and the effect of various therapeutic techniques on its composition. This bachelor's thesis investigates the possible effect of toothpaste with cannabidiol on oral microbiome. The aim of this work is the bioinformatics analysis of oral microbiome communities before and after using CBD toothpaste using pipeline QIIME 2.
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Monitoring of mitochondria in living cells using fluorescence methods
Taliánová, Eliška ; Čejková, Darina (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of monitoring mitochondria and evaluating their activity. The structure and function of cellular mitochondria are briefly discussed. Contains a list of commonly available fluorescent dyes. It investigates the possibilities of influencing mitochondria in vitro. It deals with the influence of mitochondrial membrane potential by means of various concentrations of glucose and subsequently evaluates mitochondrial activity using the dye JC-10.
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Monitoring of mitochondria in living cells using fluorescence methods
Taliánová, Eliška ; Čejková, Darina (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of monitoring mitochondria and evaluating their activity. The structure and function of cellular mitochondria are briefly discussed. Contains a list of commonly available fluorescent dyes. It investigates the possibilities of influencing mitochondria in vitro. It deals with the influence of mitochondrial membrane potential by means of various concentrations of glucose and subsequently evaluates mitochondrial activity using the dye JC-10.
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Peroxisomes and their role in energetic metabolism of the heart
Čejková, Denisa ; Kolář, David (advisor) ; Horníková, Daniela (referee)
Peroxisomes are small eucaryotic organelles, mainly known for their ability to create and break down hydrogen peroxide. However their enzymes play other significant roles, they participate in beta-oxidation of fatty acids with very long or branched chains, through alpha-oxidation they enable to process molecules that cannot go through beta- oxidation cycle, they also participate in early steps of synthesis of ether-lipid or bile acides. Above mentioned aspects make peroxisomes potentionally interesting for their possible influence on heart muscle metabolism, that is dependent on oxidative degradation of fatty acids, although not very much is known about this issue. The thesis focuses on biogenesis and function of peroxisomes, but also on their possible role in heart muscle metabolism.
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Meeting the needs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Čejková, Denisa ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Křivková, Jana (referee)
The intention of the thesis was based on an exploratory investigation to determine whether the needs of patients with COPD varies depending on the stage of the disease. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first slew characteristic of COPD, its diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The second deals with the classification of needs, motives and consequences that arise for patients insufficient meet the needs. The third part focuses on the specifics of treating patients with COPD. In the empirical part presents the results of quantitative research, which was conducted via questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed to hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stage II, III and IV on the second clinic of Pneumology, University Hospital Motol. Exploratory survey was conducted anonymously, from July to December 2017. The main criterion for selection of respondents were diagnosed with COPD, good physical condition, mental well-being and willingness of patients to share their feelings. A total of 76 patients were approached, of which three savings would not participate. From the exploratory investigation showed that patients II. stages are distinctly identified needs, than patients in stage III and IV....
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