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Biotechnologická produkce PHA pomocí vybraných bakteriálních isolátů
Matějka, Filip ; Šedrlová, Zuzana (oponent) ; Obruča, Stanislav (vedoucí práce)
Tato bakalářská práce pojednává o produkci polyhydroxyalkanoátů (PHA) za využití termofilních bakteriálních izolátů s označením 34, 35 a BŽ. Bakteriální mikroorganismy pocházejí z aktivovaného kalu a kompostu. Teoretická část práce obsahuje popis PHA, extremofilních bakterií a detekčních technik pro stanovení polyhydroxyalkanoátů. V experimentální části byla nejprve pomocí PCR stanovena přítomnost phaC genu, který je klíčový pro schopnost produkce PHA a bakteriální kmeny byly také podrobeny sekvenaci genu 16S rRNA za účelem jejich taxonomické klasifikace. V další části experimentální práce došlo k optimalizaci podmínek pro nárůst biomasy a produkci PHA. Postupně byly identifikovány vhodného zdroje uhlíku, ideální kultivační teplota a taktéž byl sledován vliv prekurzorů na produkci kopolymerů. Složení a podíl PHA byl stanoven pomocí GC-FID a na závěr proběhl vizuální screening akumulace PHA uvnitř bakteriálních buněk za pomocí fluorescenční mikroskopie.
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Analysis of C. necator genome changes after evolutionary adaptation
Vojsovič, Matúš ; Šedrlová, Zuzana (oponent) ; Brázda, Václav (vedoucí práce)
The p53 protein is a transcription factor that belongs to the group of the tumour suppressor proteins. p53 functions include cell cycle regulation, interaction with DNA, and responses to damaged DNA that may lead to apoptosis or even senescence may occur. The theoretical part summarizes the latest information about the chemical structure and functions of the protein p53 and allosteric modifications that the p53 protein may possess in cells. It also describes selected methods of isolation and characterizes proteins. The aim of the experimental part was to isolate and characterize -isoforms of the p53 protein, which were isolated from the microorganism E.coli. Protein production was preceded by preparation and transformation of plasmids into production cells. From the production cells, 4 -isoforms of p53 were isolated by affinity chromatography, due to the polyhistidine anchor that the proteins contain. The isolated proteins were subsequently characterized by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Moreover, the transactivation potential in the yeast system was monitored by luciferase assay under conditions involving the use of various culture media, as well as expressed or coexpressed under the inducible GAL1 promoter and the constitutive GPD promoter.
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Utilization of physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques in study of stress-response of cyanobacteria
Skoryk, Maksym ; Šedrlová, Zuzana (oponent) ; Sedláček, Petr (vedoucí práce)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on observation of cyanobacteria exposed to osmotic-up and down stresses. Based on literature review appropriate methods have been proposed to study two model organisms - Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechocystis sp. salina Wislouch CCALA 192. Four methods have been utilized to characterize osmotically stressed cyanobacteria. Flow cytometry has been utilized to assess viability of bacteria. SYTOX Blue fluorescent stain provided reliable information on bacteria stress resistance, whilst when stained with propidium iodide obscured results were obtained. Optical properties of cyanobacteria have been characterized with UV-VIS absorbance and turbidity measurements. Bacteria have undergone thermogravimetric analysis upon stress exposure to estimate cell volume dependence on extent of salt stress. This analysis suggested that PHB-positive Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 tend to be more endurable to osmotic up-stress than PHB-negative. Gas chromatography showed PHB-positive cells to contain 1-2 % of PHB per dry cell mass.
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