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Development, description and evaluation of a basic course for German as foreign language in the education of adult people - levels B1 - B2
Dvořák, Vojtěch ; Vachková, Marie (referee) ; Berglová, Eva (advisor)
My dissertation introduces a new programme for language teaching of adult people in the working process. Its goal is to describe the tutorial with a focus on achieving the levels B1-B2 according to the classification of Common European Reference Framework. The starting-point is an identification of specific conditions for learning in companies, which are especially students' big busyness, accompanied by irregular attendance in courses and minimum opportunities for their home self-study. Available teaching materials are not adapted suitably and the learning process based on these materials is very inefficient. This mainly means an inappropriate presentation of vocabulary in form of vocabulary lists, which suggest learning word-units without the context and dividing the grammar system into many partial phenomena in a large number of lessons, which does not allow to create and keep solid grammatical foundations. The structure of the educational materials disregards the specifics of teaching adults and is set for high school learning enviroment, expecting long-term systematic studies including regular home studying. The new programme adequately addresses the methodology and organization of teaching in limited learning conditions. Acquisition of language skills was divided into complementary learning systems,...
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Words that matter. Towards a Swedish-Czech colligational lexicon of basic verbs
Cinková, Silvie ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Malmgren, Sven-Göran (referee) ; Panevová, Jarmila (referee)
Basic verbs, i.e. very common verbs that typically denote physical movements, locations, states or actions, undergo various semantic shifts and acquire different secondary uses. In extreme cases, the distribution of secondary uses grows so general that they are regarded as auxiliary verbs (go and to be going to), phase verbs (turn, grow), etc. ese uses are usually well-documented by grammars and language textbooks, and so are idiomatic expressions (phraseologisms) in dictionaries. ere is, however, a grey area in between, which is extremely difficult to learn for non-native speakers. is consists of secondary uses with limited collocability, in particular light verb constructions, and secondary meanings that only get activated under particular morphosyntactic conditions. e basic-verb secondary uses and constructions are usually semantically transparent, such that they do not pose understanding problems, but they are generally unpredictable and language-specific, such that they easily become an issue in non-native text production. In this thesis, Swedish basic verbs are approached from the contrastive point of view of an advanced Czech learner of Swedish. A selection of Swedish constructions with basic verbs is explored. e observations result in a proposal for the structure of a machine-readable Swedish-Czech...
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Multilinguism - learning a second foreign language
Hanušová, Alena ; Vachková, Marie (referee) ; Berglová, Eva (advisor)
The subject of this graduation thesis is "Multilinguism and Learning a Second Foreign Language". The concept of multilinguism maintains the importance of all languages, not only English, in today's multicultural world. The knowledge of mother tongue and the first foreign language can have a significant influence on learning a second foreign language. The thesis deals with the impact of these substances for teaching foreign languages. The theoretical approach to the topic of multilinguism is supported with results of a survey held at selected Czech schools.
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Linguistic and encyclopedic information in terminological translation dictionary
Piskáčková, Vendula ; Čonosová, Edita (referee) ; Vachková, Marie (advisor)
Dictionaries of scientific terms bring knowledge about LSP (Ianguage for special purpose). The knowledge of every lexical unit can be divided into the linguistic and encyclopedic part of knowledge, although the border is unclear, especially where the semantic linguistic information implies encyclopedic information as weil. The presentation of information and their range depends on the dictionary users, their specific needs and on dictionary situations. The German-Czech Dictionary of Astronomical Terms is a LSP dictionary. It contains basic terms of the astronomy science and is intended for laymen, students and readers of popular science texts and easier LSP literature. About each lemma it provides linguistic as weil as encyclopedic information in the form of a dictionary article with an extensive macrostructure.
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German borrowings in plays by J. Voskovec and J. Werich
Háblová, Petra ; Berglová, Eva (referee) ; Vachková, Marie (referee)
I. Ovodni kapi toly (oddil 2) si kladly za eil na zaklade odborne literatury shrnout poznatky k obeene problematiee cizieh slov a slovnieh prejimek. Teoretieke pojednani je vetsinou podlozeno priklady z materialoveho korpusu, ziskaneho vlastni exeerpei her Voskovee a Werieh. 1) Na zaklade kapitoly 2.1.lze konstatovat: ~ Cizi slova a slova prejata patri k neodmyslitelne soucasti ceske slovni zasoby, jejieh postaveni v ramei ceskeho lexika j e avsak ruzne. Slova, ktera sve prvky eizosti zaehovavaji, stoji casto na periferii ceske slovni zasoby. ~ Nelze se k eizim prvkum v jazyee stavet jednoznacne negativne, nebot se jedna 0 jeden z prostredku prirozeneho i umeleho obohaeovani slovni zasoby, a tudiz nekdy i jev pozitivni. Nektera prejata slova postupem casu zevsedni a splynou s domaei slovni zasobou, takze j ej ieh ei zi puvod jiz ani nevnimame, jina slova naopak zastaravaji a z jazyka postupne mizi. 2) Kapitola 2.2. poukazuje na nejednotnost v ramei definovani odbornyeh pojmu. ~ Nekdy je slovo eizi totez co slovo prejate, jindy se jedna 0 dva rozdilne pojmy. ~ V teto kapi tole j sou uvedeny pro srovnani definiee terminu podle Lewandovskeho, Iskose a Lenkovoj a Tejnora. Beheim-Sehwarzbaeha, Poj em "ei zoj azycna vypuj cka" (resp. nemeeka slovni vypujcka) relevantni pro tuto praei je nadrazenym pojmem pro...
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Relative Time in Czech and German Declarative Sentences from a Confrontational Viewpoint
Holmanová, Marta ; Podhajská, Eva (advisor) ; Vachková, Marie (referee)
In meiner Diplomarbeit habe ich mich mit den relativen Zeiten in den tschechischen und deutschen Inhaltssätzen aus kontrastiver Sicht beschäftigt. Im ersten Kapitel wurden die relativen Zeiten im Tschechischen, im zweiten die relativen Zeiten im Deutschen untersucht. Das dritte Kapitel wurde dem Vergleich der relativen Zeiten in beiden Sprachen gewidmet. Sowohl im Tschechischen als auch im Deutschen unterscheidet man so genannte absolute und relative Zeiten. Die absolute Zeit drückt die Gegenwart, Vergangenheit oder Zukunft im Redemoment aus. Die relative Zeit drückt die Gleich-, Vor- oder Nachzeitigkeit in Bezug auf die Zeit der Handlung des übergeordneten Satzes aus. Die relativen Zeiten kommen in den Inhaltssätzen vor, d. h. in den Gliedsätzen, die den Inhalt eines geistigen Vorgangs (Geschehens oder Handelns) ausdrücken. (H. Sitta, 1971, s. 18) Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Monocollocable Words in German. A reflection.
Veretelnyk, Iegor ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Hejhalová, Věra (referee)
The work concerns the study of limited collocational paradigms in modern German. It is based on the corpus cooccurrence analysis and aims at the clearing up of the phenomenon of the so- called monocollocability. After the undertaken analyses and reflections there came a conclusion that corroborated the original point of view, namely, that the so-called monocollocability presents a multiplex phenomenon, where a metaphore of centre and periphery seems to be appropriate. In the analyses there occur semantically neutral word, inherently bound on certain collocated for formal reasons.
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Feminine job titles in contemporary German
Dadková, Markéta ; Berglová, Eva (referee) ; Vachková, Marie (advisor)
Vztah mezi jazykem a pohlavfm byl nejprve zkouman v ramci sociolingvistiky, kde pohlavf predstavovalo jednu z promennych vedle veku, povolanf, regionalnfho puvodu a sociaInf vrsty. Souvislost mezi pohlavfm mluvcfho a jazykovymi prostiedky, ktere pouzfva, lze zkoumat ze dvou hledisek: bud' jde 0 moznosti a zpusoby oznacovanf osob nebo 0 rozdfly v komunikaci zen a muzu. Predlozena prace se zabyva prvnf oblast! vyzkumu a soustied'uje se na nejdulezitejsf faktory tvorenf a pouzfvanf zenskych tvaru u nazvu povolanf v nemCine. Zkouma jak externf tak internf Cinitele ovlivnujfcf volbu jazykovych prostiedku. Bez ohledu na strukturnf povahu jazyka - na existenci Ci absenci gramaticke kategorie rodu, na vyjadrovanf pohlavf lexikaInfmi prostiedky, na derivacnf nebo kompozicnf slovotvorne procesy tvorfcf oznacenf osob - se snad ve vsech dosud prozkoumanych jazycfch vyskytujf asymetrie mezi rozsahem reference muzskeho a zenskeho rodu. Samozrejme existuje uzke spojenf mezi gramatickym rodem slova a pohlavfm oznacovane osoby. Uplna shoda vsak nenf mozna (das Mädchen je stiednfho rodu, ale oznacuje osobu zenskeho pohlavf, die Person je zenskeho rodu, ale muze se vztahovat na osoby obou pohlavf). Problemy nevznikajf u vypovedf adresovanych pouze jednomu pohlavl. Nevyrovnanost ovsem nastava pri referencfch vztahujfcfch se na...
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Political and politological entries in the big universal German-Czech vocabulary
Laštovka, Ondřej ; Rössler, Paul (referee) ; Vachková, Marie (advisor)
Po zpracovani 580 hesel vybranych z DUW, z nichZ je pfes 540 uzce spjato s politickou/politologickou sferou, lze konstatovat nasledujici: vetSinu hesel bylo momo pfelozit bez vetsich potizi, nebof se jednalo 0 kompozita skladajici se zjednoznacnych cast!. Ceske ekvivalenty vznikly coby pnme pfeklady nemeckJch lexemu. Pn pfekladu do cestiny lze postupovat dvema zpusoby: nemecke slozenine, jez vetsinou vznikla skladanim, v cestine odpovida bud' slovni spojeni adjektivum-substantivum (napf. die Staatsmacht je pfelozeno jako statnf moc) - toto je pfevladajici ZPllsob prekladu - anebo vyraz sestavajici ze dvou substantiv, pficemz to druhe je ve tvaru pnvlastku v genitivu a blize charakterizuje substantivum prvni (napr. der Staatstheoretiker je pfelozeno jako teoretik statu ve ryznamu teoretik statnfho llspofridanz) Existuji i slozeniny, ktere je mozno do cestiny pfelozit obema zminenymi postupy (napf. die Obstruktions politik jako obstrukcnf politika nebo politika obstrllkce ). Pri slozeninach, jez jsou tvoreny vice castmi nez dvema, se moznosti prekladu rüzni: u die Offenmarktpolitik je v cestine upfednostnovan ekvivalent politika otevfeneho trhu, u die Zweidrittelgesellschaft ryraz dvoutfetinova spoleenost. Vyjimku tvofi slozeniny se zakladorym Ci urcujicim slovem Wahl, nebot' toto je mnohoznacne: v...
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