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The arity of NU polymorphisms
Draganov, Ondřej ; Barto, Libor (advisor) ; Růžička, Pavel (referee)
This paper deals with an arity of NU polymorphisms of relational structures. The goal is to simplify and clearly describe an already existing example of a relational structure, which has an NU polymorphism, but no NU polymorphisms of low arity in respect to arity of relations and to a number of elements in the relational structure. We explicitly describe m-ary relational structures with n elements, n ≥ 2, m ≥ 3, which have no NU polymorphisms of arity (m − 1)2n−2 , but have an NU polymorphism of arity (m − 1)2n−2 + 1, which is constructed in the paper, and binary relational structures with n elements, n ≥ 3, which have no NU polymorphisms of arity 22n−3 , but have an NU polymorphism of arity 22n−3 + 1.
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Lattice based cryptography
Divišová, Jana ; Stanovský, David (advisor) ; Barto, Libor (referee)
The aim of this work is several faces of lattices in cryptography. After the section in which we describe lattices in general and lattice problems, we turn to the lattice based cryptosystems. We describe their mathematical background and also formulations of encryption and decryption algorithms. In the next part we describe the usage of lattice in cryptanalysis. It is mainly attacks against knapsack system a solving hidden number problem. The signi cant part of this work is to compare two cryptosytems RSA a NTRU for the similar level of security. We compare the speed of encryption, decryption and key generation.
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Orthogonal bases and Jordan normal form
Kučera, Daniel ; Šaroch, Jan (advisor) ; Barto, Libor (referee)
There exists an ortonormal set of eigenvectors for a linear operator if and only if it commutes with its adjoint endomorphism. The aim of this thesis is to characterize endomorphisms for which there exists a matrix representation with respect to an orthogonal basis in Jordan form. We introduce the notion of unitarily jordanisable endomorphism to capture this property. The proof of the Spectral theorem as well as the existence and uniqueness of Jordan form can be found in the first two chapters. An interesting connection with bilinear forms arises in chapter three and is used to prove that any linear operator with single eigenvalue and the length of Jordan chains bounded by two is unitarily jordanisable. The last chapter is devoted to the discussion of uniqueness of othogonal polar basis for a bilinear form and an algorithm is introduced which can determine whether or not a linear operator is unitarily jordanisable. 1
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