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Boundaries of Humour
Holada, Matouš ; Paulíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Chylíková, Johana (referee)
This paper examines the phenomenon of controversial humor on the social networking site Facebook. Here there exist several entertainment pages, dedicated to the purpose of publishing and sharing comic material; most notably jokes in the form of humorous images. Sometimes, some of these jokes become a source of conflicts and a target of criticism by certain Facebook users, who consider them unacceptable. The present study therefore aims at examining the characteristics of these jokes, to help shed light on what is today considered inappropriate in the sphere of humor. For this purpose, an analysis of jokes and comments on them, left by their readers, was conducted on several Facebook pages. This research revealed the fact that jokes about current, medially covered disasters where the biggest source of controversies. Further inquiries into their nature then showed that aversion to this type of humor cannot be explained by applying superiority theory (contrary to certain other types of humor; for example ethnic or sexist jokes). The source of conflicts about disaster jokes is therefore seen in the clash of disparate views, held by Facebook users about the nature of norms, governing what is and what isn't acceptable to joke about. The conclusion to this paper then suggests possible directions for...
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Fieldwork in the Jewish community in Prague
Adlerová, Nina ; Řezáčová, Vendula (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis "Fieldwork in the Jewish community in Prague" is concerned with the social identity of young Czech Jews. The aim of this work is to describe the duality, or hybridity of identity based on the blending of two distinct identities, namely Czech and Jewish identity. There is also an effort to transcribe the self-reflection bearers of these identities in their everyday lives. This work relies on the work of several prominent authors handling with social, or ethnic identity, and also on earlier research conducted by Dana Bittnerová on national and ethnic minorities living in the Czech Republic. The basis of this work is anthropological fieldwork, which focused primarily on members of one particular group, which is part of the Prague community. This group is called Czech Union of Jewish youth. This research was consisted of participant observation organized events or events arising spontaneously and of interviews with selected respondents. It is shown that for all the observed, Jewishness and Czechness are an integral part of their identities, of whom they are. And that these two identities are closely intertwined. Jewish identity is indeed imperative, but to maintain a strong identity is also necessary process of self-identification. The signs of declared identity are also important...
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The suicide - Masaryk's lifelong problem
Kotek, Martin ; Petrusek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
The work is focused on the theme of suicide in the presentation of T. G. Masaryk. Author's aim is to chart the Masaryk's life in such a way as to affect how the topic of suicide goes through the Masaryk's life and how is reflected in his work and opinions on the modern society. Is also pointed out, how this theme, in the background of Masaryk's philosophy, sociology and theology, mingles into all of these areas and connects them. The first part is devoted to young childhood of Masaryk and to his experience at the beginning of his academic career. It is outlined, how Masaryk got to know the theme of suicide and how he took it as his own. Another section is devoted to his personality and personal views on the world. Substantial part of the work is then focused on the interpretation of the religion and the modern developments of society in the administration of Masaryk and his theory of suicide. Following this, the author deals not only with this work demonstrative moral decay of society, but also with other Masaryk's works, in which is the problem of suicide reflected. The last part is devoted to criticism of Masaryk's concept from the mouth of past and contemporary authors and then the comments to the validity of Masaryk theory for today's society. So, beside the presentation, how was the whole...
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Consumer freedom as one form of freedom in contemporary society
Valášková, Hana ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor dissertation "Consumer freedom as one form of freedom in current society" deals with freedom, which is desired value in society. Bachelor dissertation focuses on one type of freedom and this is consumer freedom. This type of freedom is quite new phenomenon in history; that freedom can be best realized only in a market system. This work tries to describe positives and negatives of this freedom. This thesis can be also regarded as an analysis of current society. Western European society is characteristic with its emphasis on consumption; phenomenon of consumption is ubiquitous, it is a part of our lives. Current society is due this fact known as consumer society. This concept is a very ambivalent and this thesis analyzes consumer freedom in connection with the consumer society. Consumer use the freedom of choice is desirable, but interference of consumer way of life into all spheres of life, may lead to negative situations. This work deals with negatives of consumer culture: preference for material values, increasing consumption, leading to wastage, passivity of individuals as a result of consumer way of life etc. Advertisement is here mentioned in connection with the consumer, how is he influenced by advertisement. These chapters show how advertisement uses in its activities ideas of...
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Ninety Years of Myths in Czech History
Lachmann, Filip ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
Proposed bachelor article deals with phenomenon, which is product of the modern society, as it was in case of societies of ancient nations. Greek and Roman mythology, legends and fable are generally known and often considered to be symbol of cogitation of ancient people and an ideological product which is necessary to gain control of society by ruling class. It is also modern society where we can find mythical system, which appears to be superstructure of linguistical system and maintains society in intentional limits. The clearest provealbeness of myths is in case of totalitarian régimes, where myths produced by government propaganda are necessary condition of human individuality suppression effort. Nacistic and Communist ideology (eventually even some kinds of nacionalism) suppress liberal human mind and foist opinions on surrounding reality. I deal with concrete myths in Czech state since its establishment in 1918 till present. After brief introduction thesis deals with facticity of Czech culture and take aim at particular domains of public life. It draws from the modern social theories (Berger, Luckmann, Mead, Bourdieu, Saussure, Barthes) and applies their common conclusions to concrete events of Czech history. It draws conclusions by theory and consideration about concrete historical material...
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The Role of a Man in a Modern Family in the Context of Czech and Anglo-American Imaginative Literature
Polák, Michal ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Paulíček, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis "The Role of a Man in a Modern Family in the Context of Czech and Anglo- American Imaginative Literature" investigates the relation between literature, sociology and science. In its following parts it considers the possibilities of sociological cognition by means of imaginative literature. It focuses the role of a man in a modern family. The role of a man is divided into three categories, which are further itemized into separate units. In the concluding chapter are these artificialy created categories confronted with fragments of novels and thus attempt to answer the question to what extent is imaginative literature able to describe this topic.
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Beauty from the Perspective of Plastic Surgery
Nováková, Hana ; Paulíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Martinová, Marta (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Institut sociologických studií Katedra sociologie Nováková Hana Bakalářská práce: Krása v očích plastické chirurgie Abstract The objective of this bachelor thesis is to examine the cosmetic surgery phenomenon from the sociological point of view. Social conditions under which cosmetic surgery are carried out in such quantity and popularity are defined and explored. Paper also contains a summary of patients' opinions about cosmetic surgery and explains the way they think of the role of beauty in their lives. The attention is focused on motives by which are patients of cosmetic surgery led to undergone such intervetion to human body as the cosmetic surgery. Paper aims to propose a rational explanation of what leads them to a cosmetic surgery even though there is a high risk of health damage and an unclear result. The first part deals with the new economy, consumerism and celebrity culture as the main factors, claimed by the literature, that influence decisions about undergoing cosmetic surgery. Normative function of beauty in modern everyday life is also scrutinized. The second part consists of the results of qualitative research, which is based on an analysis of interviews with patients who underwent cosmetic surgery in order to increase their attractiveness. Subsequently...
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