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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2023 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry BC CAS.
Frouz, Jan ; Lišková, K. ; Bartuška, Martin ; Badraghi, A. ; Mudrák, O. ; Kučera, J. ; Montagnani, L. ; Bednářová, E. ; Šimáňová, D. ; Reinshmidová, E.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology and biogeochemistry, BC CAS.
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Erosion on reclaimed and unreclaimed post minning heaps
Lišková, Kristýna ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
Erosion is an important process that can cause soil degradation when it occurs excessively, at the same time it is an important natural process that affects the geomorphology of the terrain, the formation of soils and many other processes and soil properties. This thesis deals with the process of erosion and its effect on areas affected by surface mining and various reclamation procedures. The possibilities of recultivation are detailed here, and the possibilities of erosive effects on the conduct of successful recultivation are also presented. Likewise, the effect of reclamation on the erosion proces is presented. The experimental part was carried out in the FALCON experimental catchment at one of the Sokolov heaps, where areas were created representing the reclaimed (flat surface) and non-reclaimed (undulated surface) surface. Using erosion pins and sediment collection, the influence of the chosen type of restoration on soil erosion was monitored. Furthermore, the influence of erosion and deposition on some soil properties (bulk weight, infiltration rate, phosphorus content, granular composition, pH, conductivity) was monitored depending on the type of reclamation. The results show that the decrease of the surface due to erosion is greater on the unreclaimed area. However, this does not...
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Properties of overburden material after coal mining and its relation to mine spoil reclamation.
Matej, Dávid ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
The extraction of mineral resources, including coal, is important for the functioning of industrial society, but it also brings a number of negative environmental impacts. The waste material generated by mining and collected on the spoil heaps poses an enormous risk to the surrounding ecosystems and interferes with all components of the environment. The aim of my thesis is to describe in more detail the issues related to the diversity of the properties of tailings substrates and the resulting consequences. The nature of spoil substrates differs considerably from conventional ones. Each of the wide range of characteristics of alluvial soils brings with it certain pitfalls that are problematic in the context of restoring the ecosystem to a natural state. Key words: open-cast coal mining, impacts of overburden, damage to ecosystems
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Toxicity of overburden and what determine it
Haurová, Jaroslava ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
The bachelor thesis provides an overview and summary of the possible causes of phytotoxicity on mineral extraction sites, mentions the impact on plant biota, the impact on surrounding ecosystems and explores the possibilities of reducing or mitigating the effects. The main cause of phytotoxicity is low pH, which arises from the natural weathering of native materials and results in most soil processes and contamination. A way in which phytotoxicity can be mitigated on spoil heaps sites are by choosing appropriate reclamation.
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Soil carbon sequestration: ways and potential
Valentová, Mariana ; Vindušková, Olga (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
By choosing appropriate practices, carbon can be stored in the soil as a means of mitigating (mitigating) climate change. The paper clearly summarize our current understanding of the principles (e.g., soil organic matter, level of C saturation) anf factors (e.g., parent rocks, climate, human) influencing the potential of soils to sequester carbon and its importance in terms of implemeting effective mitigation measures. This is followed by an introduction of method for estimating the carbon sequestration capacity of soils and its relevance to sequestration potential is discussed. The main focus of the paper is the comparison of the land use changes (e.g., forest or peatlands restoration) and land management (e.g., use of crops rotation, no-till agriculture) that can achieve soil carbon sequestration, including the quantitative estimates of their sequestration potential. Finally, there is summary of the estimates of global sequestration potential of soils. Key words: carbon, soil, sequestration, mitigation, climate change, land-use, soil capacity
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Effect of species composition change of forests on the quality of litter and derived soil organic matter
Roblíková, Věra ; Jandová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
Climate change will alter the species composition of forests, which will cause changes in litter amounts and quality and potentially affect the carbon content and its stability in forest soils. With the knowledge of inputs to the biogeochemical carbon cycle, we can design methods of forest management and effectively mitigate climate change with forest cover. The aim of this thesis is to summarize information about i) change in species composition of temperate forests in Europe and the Czech Republic, ii) differences in litter amount and quality, iii) effect of litter quality on the stability of carbon in soils. I propose a master's thesis with an observational and experimental investigation of forest species change's effect on carbon content in soils. Climate change will shift species ranges northward and to higher altitudes. While species do not differ in the production of above-ground litter, they differ in the quality of above-ground litter and the quantity and quality of below-ground litter. The rate of decomposition is affected by the litter quality of tree species. Through their effect on the fauna, tree species affect the amount of carbon stored in the mineral horizon. However, the effect of litter quality on carbon stability in mineral horizons is unknown, in terms of both the density fractions of...
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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2021 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Bartuška, Martin ; Oppong, J.C. ; Lišková, K. ; Houška, J. ; Červenka, J. ; Kučera, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Reitschmiedová, E. ; Dvorščík, P. ; Mudrák, O. ; Šimáňová, D. ; Woś, B. ; Karimi Nezhad, Mohammad Tashin ; Mustafa, Adnan ; Pietrzykowski, M. ; Kopecký, T. ; Hovorková, M. ; Čápová, K.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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Topsoil application in reclamation practice advantages and pitfalls
Čížková, Barbora ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
This paper deals with spreading the topsoil to the dumps after brown coal mining as reclamation measure. Here I describe its advantages and disadvantages for soils and ecosystems restoring and the soil organic matter budget. Furthermore, I present here my pilot work dealing with long-term storage topsoil in stockpile and its impact on soil microbial parameters, especially microbial respiration and amount of biomass after stockpile disturbance. Soil used for the research came from different depths of excavated stockpile. The samples were measured for soil respiration by titration and amount of microbial biomass by fumigation-respiration method. The highest values were always measured in samples from greatest depths. It is due to greater making use of accumulated carbon, which becomes better accessible to microorganisms after erosion of stockpile. Keywords: brown coal, soil organic matter, reclamation, topsoil, post-minig sites
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The effect of artificial weathering on overburden properties
Zadinová, Radka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Bartuška, Martin (referee)
Surface mining of coal cause massive changes of landscape. Dumps, heaps and tailings created vast areas in post mining landscape. Soil formation is influenced by the weathering process. Sample-the most common substrates have been subject of accelerated weathering. Samples were watered by distilled water, left to soak in, then froze, thaw and dried. This cycle was repeated twenty times. Before the experiment and after experiment pH, conductivity, organic matter loss on ignition, grain size and water absorption were measured. Before and after the experiment were tested for toxicity to plants using yellow mustard seeds (Sinapis alba). Accelerated weathering showed the possible development of weathering spoil substrates over time namely shift of pH towards neutral value, and increase in water holding capacity, despite of this no changes in plant toxicity in toxic substrates were found.
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