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Voltammetric Determination of Nimesulide at a Polished Silver Solid Amalgam Electrode
Koščová, Kristína ; Vyskočil, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Fischer, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on investigating the electrochemical behavior of the substance nimesulide. The stability of the stock solution was monitored using UV-VIS spectrophotometry. A solid silver amalgam electrode with a polished surface was chosen as the working electrode, a silver chloride reference electrode (3M KCl), and a platinum auxiliary electrode were used. For the techniques of DC voltammetry (DCV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), optimal conditions for the determination of nimesulide were sought (optimal pH, range of regenerative potentials). The calibration dependence was measured in concentration ranges of 10−7 , 10−6 , and 10−5 mol/L. In the case of DCV, a linear calibration dependence was achieved in the concentration range of 1-100 μmol/L (with a limit of detection (LD) ≈ 0.27 μmol/L and with a limit of quantification (LQ) ≈ 0.91 μmol/L). In the case of DPV, linearity was achieved in the range of 4-100 μmol/L (LD ≈ 0.60 μmol/L and LQ ≈ 2.0 μmol/L). The developed voltammetric methods were used to determine nimesulide in drinking and well water and in pharmaceutical forms of Nimesil 100 mg and Aulin 100 mg.
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Electrochemical properties of selected psychoactive compounds
Jiroušková, Eliška ; Sokolová, Romana (advisor) ; Fischer, Jan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis focuses on the electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of three new psychoactive substances (NPS). These compounds are easily accessible on the market and they are not regulated by current legislation. Due to the huge amount of these drugs it is difficult to identify them in human organism. Three representatives of new psychoactive substances were studied: two stimulants (3-fluorophenmetrazine, 3-FPM and 4-methylpentedrone, 4-MPD) and one of the fentanyl derivatives (FMAcF, m-fluoro methoxyaceyl fentanyl). Drugs often undergo oxidation or reduction during biotransformation in human organism therefore the electrochemical behaviour was studied. The main goal of this work was to determine the initial intermediates of redox processes, clarify reaction scheme (including electron transfer coupled with chemical reaction) and suggest the redox mechanism. The electrochemical properties were studied using cyclic voltammetry with a glassy carbon electrode as a working electrode. The compounds 3-FPM and FMAcF were oxidized within the available potential window and 4-MPD was both reduced and oxidized. The reaction scheme of all compounds was found to be ECE. UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry revealed the formation of reaction intermediates. Infrared spectroelectrochemistry and...
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Optimization of 5-fluorouracil determination by high-performance liquid chromatography
Durychová, Eva ; Křížek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the development of a method for the determination of 5-fluorouracil by high-performance liquid chromatography, which could be used for determination of its encapsulation efficiency by liposomes. First, separation of 1 mM standard of 5-fluorouracil was tested on several types of columns. Among tested columns belonged a C18 column, a C18 column with positive surface modification, a phenyl-hexyl column and several fluoride columns together with two HILIC columns. A mixture containing 10 mM CH3COONH4, pH = 4,5 and MeOH in the ratio of 98/2 was initially used as the mobile phase. The results showed, that 5-fluorouracil elutes on all columns too close to the dead time, where different impurities often elute. To avoid possible distortion of 5-fluorouracil signal by impurities potentially occurring in the real sample, several adjustments of chromatographic conditions were tested. The most effective solution was addition of 5 mM ion-pairing agent (namely tetrabutylammonium chloride hydrate) to the mobile phase, together with adjusting pH to 8,0 to support the ionization of the analyte. In the combination with mobile phase modified in this way, a phenyl-hexyl column with retention time 4,36 minutes reached the best result, therefore it was selected for the final determination of...
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Voltammetry and liquid chromatography of cholesterol, its precursors, and oxidation products
Kubešová, Jana ; Schwarzová, Karolina (advisor) ; Baluchová, Simona (referee)
Electrochemical detection of sterols is difficult. This thesis aims to study the voltammetric behaviour of selected oxysterols, i.e. 25-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol on the boron-doped diamond electrode. Further, an HPLC method with spectrophotometric and electrochemical detection was developed for separation of selected sterols. The study was performed using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. 0.1 mol l−1 perchloric acid in acetonitrile (water content 0.55 %) was chosen as the most suitable electrolyte. 25- hydroxycholesterol provides anodic signal at the potential of +1500 mV and 7-ketocholesterol at +1900 mV in that media. Electrochemical reduction of 7-ketocholesterol was also studied. However, the observed cathodic signal isn't reproducible. The stability of oxysterols in the presence of perchloric acid was confirmed by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Calibration dependence of oxysterols was measured using differential pulse voltammetry and resulted in the limit of detection of 0.82 µmol l−1 for 25-hydroxycholesterol and 0.66 µmol l−1 for 7-ketocholesterol. In the second part of the thesis, an HPLC method was developed for the separation of a sterol mixture on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase containing 50 mmol l−1 sodium perchlorate in acetonitrile with 0% or 6% water...
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Analysis of perioperative blood loss in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery
Válkyová, Eva Viktória ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Author: Eva Viktória Válkyová Department: Department of Biological and Medical Science Name of thesis: Analysis of perioperative blood loss in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery Thesis supervisor: PhDr. Zděnka Kudláčková, Ph.D. Consultants: doc. MUDr.Filip Čečka, Ph.D. ; Mgr. Veronika Bernhauerová, Ph.D. Diploma thesis, Charles University, The faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Introduction: Hepatopancreatobiliary surgeries are among the most complex surgical procedures and are associated with higher blood loss and postoperative complications. By defining risk factors and optimizing the determination of perioperative blood loss, postoperative complications can be avoided, transfusion administration can be avoided, and the expenses associated with hospitalization of patients can be reduced. Aim of the thesis: The aim of the study was to define the basic anatomical and physiological knowledge of the hapatopancreatobiliary region and to analyze the data set of operated patients with the main focus on their blood loss, transfusions administered and severity of postoperative complications in relation to selected anamnestic parameters. Methods: The analyzed population consisted of patients operated at the Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové. Patient...
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Ultrasonographic comparison of the size of the cross-sectional area of the biceps brachii long head tendon in overhead athletes and non-competitive women
Kakos, David ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Jandová, Tereza (referee)
vi Abstract Title: Ultrasonographic comparison of the size of the cross-sectional area of the long head biceps brachii tendon in overhead athletes and non-competitive women Aims: This study aimed to compare the cross-sectional area (CSA) size of the long head biceps tendon (LHBT) and the prevalence of positive functional tests for LHBT lesions in volleyball and handball players compared to a control group of young, non-sporting women. This study aims is to determine whether overhead female athletes, specifically female handball and volleyball players, experience a reduction in the size of the cross- sectional area of this tendon due to many years of regular sports activity. Furthermore, This study aims to determine the prevalence of positive functional tests for LHBT in both groups and subsequently to confirm or refute the correlation between a possible reduction in the size of the CSA of the biceps long head tendon in female overhead athletes and the positivity of functional tests. Methods: This research is an observational experiment. Theoretical knowledge was drawn from available Czech and foreign literature sources written in Czech, English and German. 39 probands selected based on selection and exclusion criteria participated in the experimental part of the research.According to the set research...
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Using of Perovskite Nanoparticles in Biochemistry
Srncová, Melanie ; Tumová, Šárka (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis examines study of the properties of lead halide perovskite nanoparticles and their use in biochemistry. The synthesis of two types of perovskite nanoparticles MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3 was performed using the LARP method. During the synthesis was observed the influence of the mixing length of the precursors on the properties of these solutions, which were characterized using UV-VIS spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrometry and dynamic light scattering. A discussion of the obtained results was carried out along with a discussion of the suitability of using these perovskite nanoparticles in biochemistry due to the toxicity of the lead that these nanoparticles contain.
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Lysimeters - composition of soil solution in its native form
Zikmund, Jiří ; Müllerová, Kristýna (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the issue of soil solution with an emphasis on water-soluble fractions of humic substances. Humic substances are organic compounds that occur naturally in the soil and in the soil solution, and they play an important role in the physical, chemical and biological processes taking place in the soil. In the experimental part, samples of the soil solution originating from the experimental station of the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture in Hradec nad Svitavou were evaluated. These were samples coming from the control variant and from the variants fertilized with slurry and digestate. The pH and conductivity values of the soil solution were determined for the samples. Furthermore, the humic substances contained in the soil solution were analyzed using infrared, fluorescence and UV/Vis spectrometry methods.
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Controlling LEGO Technic Active Elements from EV3
Blaško, Daniel ; Polčák, Libor (referee) ; Hranický, Radek (advisor)
LEGO Mindstorms je populárna rada programovateľných kociek s rozsiahlou sadou funkcií, ktorá už 25 rokov pomáha učiť deti základy robotiky a počítačových vied, a ktorá sa teší širokej komunitnej podpore. Cieľom tejto bakalárskej práce je vytvoriť hardvérové a softvérové riešenia, ktoré zlepšia kompatibilitu medzi kockou Mindstorms EV3 a ostatnými motorizovanými LEGO súčiastkami, s primárnym zameraním sa na produktovú radu Power Functions. V rámci tejto práce boli v rôznych iteráciách vytvorené radiče, ktoré rozširujú možnosti kocky EV3 ovládať motory, s použitím vlastných návrhov dizajnov plošných spojov a 3D tlačených puzdier. Okrem nich boli vyvinuté softvérové kódovacie bloky, ktoré umožňujú kocke komunikovať s týmito radičmi a ďalšími UART zariadeniami.
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Research and Development of UI/UX for Commenting Sports Poses
Barborík, Martin ; Tesařová, Alena (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is the research and iterative development of a user interface for the visual commentary of yoga positions. This process heavily relied on research with potential users and involved collecting sets of annotated photographs on paper. From these, interesting and repeated elements were applied to the developed interface. Qualitative tests were repeatedly conducted throughout the process; I identified shortcomings from these observations, applied changes, and tested again. The result of the work is a demonstrative user interface implemented as a progressive web application.
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