|
|
Influence of urbanization patterns on the escape behaviour of birds
Dontová, Alena ; Mikula, Peter (advisor) ; Brlík, Vojtěch (referee)
Urbanization, i.e., the anthropogenic transformation of natural habitats into urban areas, has significant impact on the biodiversity. One of the key factors for successful animal survival in urban environments is the increase in their tolerance towards humans manifested by their decreased shyness. One of the field methods for assessing the level of the shyness across different individuals, populations, and species of animals is measuring their flight initiation distance. In this thesis, I focus primarily on birds, as their responses have been most extensively studied. Previous studies focused on differences in escape behaviour among birds mainly between urban and rural areas, and focused mainly on Europe and North America. However, human settlements vary in their history, size, population density, and other characteristics. Therefore, the observed patterns in bird behaviour may not always be universally applicable across all cities. In this thesis, through a literature review, I summarize how the escape behaviour of birds differs not only between urban and rural environments but also depending on the characteristics of human settlements, such as their size, history, degree of urbanization, the density of the local human population and the ecoregion. I found that the most important characteristics are the...
|
|
|
Insects as a model group of organisms for the research of knowledge about and attitudes to invertebrate animals
Jelínek, Filip ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Janšta, Petr (referee)
This thesis is a literature review that aims to process the available literature on attitudes towards insects, knowledge about insects and the ways in which the perception of insects by humans can be influenced. In the chapters focused on attitudes towards insects, I show how the emotions of disgust and fear lead to negative views of insects and, conversely, how the perception of their beauty and importance promotes positive views of insects. In the knowledge section, I show how people confuse true information about insects with myths, inaccurately distinguishing between what is an insect and what is not, which insects are dangerous and which are not. In the last chapters, I present the literature that deals with the ways in which attitudes towards insects and knowledge about insects can be influenced. I deal with the effect of urbanization, experiential educational programs and the picture of insects in human culture, namely in language, poetry, fictional literature and fine arts
|
|
|
The influence of urban greenery on the quality of the environment
Prokš, Dominik ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the impact of urban green space on the quality of the environment. As the first topic the concept of urbanization appears and closely related to this is what the city as such represents for society. Furthermore, much attention is already paid to urban green spaces and their functions and effects on the urban environment. Public greenery has an impact on air and climate functions, as well as on rainwater management, preventing the spread of noise, trapping dust and, finally, greenery has a positive effect on the psyche of the inhabitants. Furthermore, the maintenance and care of plants and grassland is addressed. In the practical part, is discussed the concept of management and form of public urban greenery in the territory of the Statutory City of Brno, where, among other things, are described the assigned individual managers of urban greenery in the territory of the city and their duties and problems associated with maintenance. The function of the geological and informative system called GIS is also presented, which is an application for the administrators and the public for a clear orientation in the city and its environment. The last chapter is devoted to the measurement of pollutant concentrations in Brno's air.
|
|
|
Greenery of public spaces in new residential areas (residential areas on the outskirts of the cities)
Horká, Julie ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Otruba, Ivan (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
In the current post-industrial society, with increasing requirement of sustainability, greenery significantly participates in the spatial, operational and functional organization of the urban environment. The first part of the thesis introduces relationship between formation and structure of greenery in an urban environment from the historical point of view. Elements of greenery in an urban environment and on its margins filled a variety of functions: from productional and aesthetical to the recreational and ecological. Green areas have also gradually become an important public space. In the current urban environment, areas of vegetation arise mainly in the form of recultivation of post-industrial areas, adjusted smaller parks, greenery of business and entertainment centers, or greenery of residential units. The thesis is focusing on the last mentioned type, which should be in the closest coexistence with residential environment and on the possibilities of creating eco-residential units, which can become a substitute /or at least one of the possible options/ to mono-functional residential zones emerging on the outskirts of our cities and in the open countryside and act against the ongoing suburbanization and its negative effects. The text of doctoral thesis is trying to find qualitative aspects of greenery which supports the creation of living, attractive and sustainable public spaces. Comparison and evaluation of selected examples from abroad /Austria, Germany, Holland/ and also from the Czech Republic brings us the definition of the necessary and optimum qualitative properties of greenery in public, but also semi-public spaces of residential complexes. These examples of good practice may be used - as a whole or in parts – as inspiration for the development of residential projects in the Czech Republic, either in preferred brownfields areas or in carefully selected areas of new development. The final chapter emphasizes the inseparability of the creation of public spaces and greenery in residential areas from the sustainable development of the area in terms of a penetrable and compact city.
|
|
|
Aspects of housing in high-rise buildings in China
Toman, Radek ; Kováč, Bohumil (referee) ; Topolčanská, Maria (referee) ; Hlaváček, Petr (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (advisor)
Modern cities are under the pressure of big social and building development. The thesis is based on aspects of housing and living of society in 21th century cities. Now China has been an extreme example of rapid urbanization. It gives us an opportunity to gain knowledge about urban development. Based on the analysis of selected examples of urban housing the thesis shows the options for the future alternatives of living. The work was process during my academic internship at Southeast University in Nanjing, China.
|
|
|
Principles of formation of urban greenery as a part of urban interior
Hrubanová, Denisa ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Prof.Ing.Ivar Otruba,CSc. (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
Urban interior environment mostly serves as a place for various meetings and social events. Thus, these spaces come alive thanks to people, who give them reason and meaning. However, the question is what role urban interior has in the present day, which, at the beginning of the new millennium, is characterized by a high degree of individualism. Within the deurbanization tendencies, buildings and adjoining areas in central parts of cities are often abandoned and the activities move to the periphery. If we want to return the social function to the urban interior, as a place of pleasant encounters and relationships, we need to approach its formation with respect to current trends in the development of human society. From the perspective of sustainable development, it is also necessary not to extend the boundaries of urbanized area to adjacent landscape, while abandoning the central locations in cities, but to maintain their intensive character. From this point of view, it is necessary to realize, that it is the greenery that gives the city an opportunity to perceive public spaces as an integral part of urban life and not just as places that people walk through having no reason to stay longer than necessary. Application of greenery in urban interior provides many positive features to the city. Greenery is an added value that can also operate independently as a functional unit that links the other functions of the urban organism. Both in its solitary form and in line or area applications. Along with water elements, urban furniture, various hard surfaces and landscaping, greenery creates a pleasant and interesting living environment in the city that can be desirable and sought-after again.
|
|
|
When the wolves are gone
Preininger, Petr ; Fránek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
583/5000 The city grows extensively - it creates rings around it. As a result, it leads to the formation of urban sprawl in the scale of entire cities. There is a density paradox - while the city is growing, its population density is decreasing. Due to a chronic lack of intensity (which evokes a feeling of "normal") occurs at the slightest hint hallucinations. Normality becomes a powerful drug. A typical plan must reflect all the needs of Homo Civitatis. They must transform from open space offices to its original intent. In a regular interval duplication typical plan discontinued and replaced with public space.
|
|
|
Transformation of suburban villages
Ferenc, Jonáš ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Balabánová, Pavla (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The thesis discusses suburban villages (and, indirectly, also villages that are even further away from urban areas), their current character, and their changes over the course of history. Most Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian municipalities struggle with persistent issues, such as the decline of their primarily agrarian function (and the unattractiveness of this lifestyle for the younger generations), changes in demographic composition (the exodus of natives to cities, and their replacement by “weekenders“), the lower purchase power of rural areas (due to lower wages in agriculture and the lack of other job opportunities), insufficient traffic infrastructure, unclear property relations, the loss of their own identity due to the closeness of a core city, and uncontrolled suburbanisation which transforms both villages and their environment. The end effects of these issues are depopulation of rural areas, ageing of current inhabitants and unfavourable prospects for the future. On the other hand, the situation in neighbouring Bavaria seems to be the exact opposite. Bavaria hasn't experienced collectivisation, and a communist dictatorship hasn't cut the ties of local inhabitants towards their lands and properties which have been in their families for centuries. Many issues encountered in the Czech Republic are therefore unknown here, and villages that happen to be near urban areas tend to grow in a natural way while retaining their original rural and local identities. The superior infrastructure network enables better mobility of the populace, which allows the people to commute longer distances. However, they can still spend their time in their actual place of residence, and they often proudly consider themselves a part of the local social life and of the local community – not of the core city. Therefore the goal of the thesis is to compare Czech and Bavarian villages in terms of sustainable development, using specific examples, to analyse which elements are better in which system, and to compare whether it is possible to apply the principles of sustainability which are used in Bavaria to the sustainable development of Czech countryside.
|
|
|
Extreme hydrological events in the context of urban planning
Klimeš, Zdeněk ; Dráb, Aleš (referee) ; Duchan, David (advisor)
The purpose of the bachelor thesis was to describe known extreme hydrological events and potential attitudes to minimalize their negative impacts. The thesis was written as literature recherche from different points of view, not only from a one-sided technical or ecological point. It proceeds systematically from describing the historical evolution of the subject matter through the presentation of global ecological problems, outlining the legislative background and the findings from specialised literature, to the examples of current trends. In view of the fact that the issue is so broad, the thesis treats only certain parts in detail. The subject of interest is the demonstration of separate measures against floods and droughts and the effects of their synergy concerning the minimalization of the repercussions of extreme hydrological events.
|
|
|
Land management for development project
Černý, Petr ; Lukelová, Petra (referee) ; Ivanička, Koloman (advisor)
Topic of this bachelor thesis is preparation of land for a development project. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part gives on overview of processes necessary for initiation, preparation and implementation of the development project. Namely these are the idea of construction, issues related to spatial planning, different phases of the development project, funding of the development project, ensuring the legal ownership of the land and setting the utilities. The practical part describes the difference between two development projects of land preparation for construction of houses, one initiated and managed by a local authority and the second of uncontrolled construction on property of a real estate owner.
|
guest ::
