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Biometrie a kondice prasete divokého (Sus scrofa) s ohledem na vegetační stupňovitost
Procházková, Pavla
The content of this thesis is the evaluation of biometric data of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) collected in 2014–2019 at sites throughout the Czech Republic. The data evaluation sought to relate the observed body parameters to forest vegetation stages. Emphasis was placed on the parameter of fat thickness as an indicator of body condition, and body parameters of weight after emergence, body length and chest height were also worked with. Differences in body parameters based on age, sex and forest vegetation stages were sought and statistical significance of these factors was tested. A weak correlation was found between some body parameters in the piglet category. Furthermore, fat thickness was found to be related to the sex of individuals older than 12 months. Fat thickness increased with age in females at all age classes while males reached their total fat height at the end of the first year of life. There was a strong correlation of body length parameter with weight and chest height of individuals.
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Zhodnocení provozních a ekonomických faktorů ovlivňujících výkupní cenu mléka na konkrétní farmě na Ukrajině
Orlov, Bohdan
The bachelor's thesis discusses operational and economic factors that affect the purchase price of milk. We were interested in one particular farm in Ukraine. The price formation mechanisms could be different compared to the Czech Republic and, consequently, the European Union, which was interesting us. The monitored parameters mainly included: the amount of milk pro-duced, fat and protein content, takings depending on the quantity and quality of milk produced. We selected the subject (sample) by convenience sampling method. The company STOV im. Lesia Serdiuka, which is specified for the breeding of Holstein (Ukrainian black-and-white) and Ukraini-an red-and-white cattle, served as the object of the research. Data collection was carried out through telephone conversations and e-mail communication, the obtained data were subse-quently processed according to common mathematical and statistical methods. The results of the research indicate a strong direct-proportional connection between the purchase price of milk and the concentration of fat and protein, however, the total takings are affected more by the amount of milk produced than by the amount of components contained in it.
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Vlivy působící na kvalitu a složení bazénových vzorků mléka u dojnic českého strakatého skotu v konkrétním chovu
Strnadová, Jitka
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the influences on the quality and composition of bulk milk samples of dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle. The observation took place within one calendar year (January to December 2022) in the selected breeding of GenAgro Říčany a.s., when we took a total of 52 milk samples. The obtained samples were analyzed and, together with the data from the temperature-humidity sensors (HOBO), sorted in the Microsoft Excel program and subsequently evaluated in the STATISTICA 14.0 program. The highest number of somatic cells (SB) in milk was in the summer, while the lowest in the winter and spring (P < 0,05). The highest number of SB was in the temperature zone at 20.1 °C and the lowest at 0 °C (P < 0,05). The highest number of SB was found in the period with the highest average lactation order (P < 0,05). Regarding the influence of lactation phase, it was found that the highest number of SB was found in dairy cows in the period with the highest average lactation phase (P < 0,05). No significant differences (P > 0,05) were found for the other milk productivity parameters. Over the entire follow-up, the freezing point averaged -0,552°C in all cases.
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Vliv teploty vzduchu ve stáji na parametry mléčné užitkovosti dojnic českého strakatého skotu v konkrétním chovu
Hanáková, Šárka
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the effect of air temperature on milk yield parameters of dairy cattle in a specific breeding system. The milk yield parameters included milk yield (kg milk), lactation order (n), lactation phase (days) and milk components content (% fat and % protein). The observations were carried out between January and December 2022. Data on milk yield parameters were obtained from the results of the Performance Check (PC). A total of 7 863 individual cases (dairy cows) were evaluated. During the monitoring period, air tem-perature in the stable (°C), relative humidity (%) were collected using a temperature-humidity sensor (HOBO). The results showed that temperature had no statistically significant effect on milk yield, lactation stage and lactation sequence. On the other hand, there were significant differences in the content of milk components, which were fat and protein (P < 0.01). In the case of relative humidity, there was a statistically significant effect on milk yield, where milk yield decreased with increasing values of relative humidity in the cows studied (P < 0.01). Relative humidity also influenced fat and protein content (P < 0.01). In the case of THI, there were no statistically significant differences in milk yield, lactation order and lactation phase (P > 0.05), but statistically significant differences were found for milk components (P < 0.01).
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Vliv vazného ustájení na parametry mléčné užitkovosti dojnic ve vybraném chovu
Skoupý, Roman
The aim of this work was to find out the influence of bonded housing on the parameters of milk productivity of dairy cows in a selected farm. The work took place in one calendar year 2022 from January to December. Among the monitored parameters were fat content (%), protein (%), lactose (%), amount of milk produced (kg), stage of lactation (days) and order of lactation (n). The samples were obtained from our own breeding and evaluated in the Laboratory of Applied Lactology at the Institute of Animal Breeding and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Mendel University in Brno using the Julie C5 Automatic device. A total of 12 samples from 4 cows of two breeds, namely Holstein and Czech Spotted cattle, were processed. The results show that bonded housing has a significant effect on the milk production of a dairy cow. The fat content is influenced by the method of breeding but also the feeding technique and the health status of dairy cows, when the fat content was very different in individual months. The protein content was influenced by the order of lactation, where the higher the lactation, the lower the protein content. Lactose was not affected by any factor and was constant.
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Nové trendy v konzervaci objemných krmiv a jejich vliv na produkci mléka dojnic
DOUBEK, Martin
Cow's milk plays an important role in human nutrition and is one of the main products of the dairy industry. Its composition changes in response to various factors including forage. The quality of roughage is one of the important aspects for the nutrition and health of dairy cows and milk productivity itself. The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess two forages, grass hay and rye hay, and their effect on milk yield. Along with milk yield, the amount of protein and fat in milk was assessed. Feed rations at the VOD Kadov company were compared over the course of four years. Based on documented data from the company VOD Kadov, according to statistical calculations, the influence of rye haying (p 0,05) on increasing milk yield was not confirmed, and no influence on the amount of fat in milk was proven either(p 0,05). The effect of rye silage on the amount of protein in milk was proven by statistical calculation (p 0,05). The results show that feeding high-quality grass forage or high-quality rye forage has no independent effect on milk yield or fat content. Rye haylage is a suitable substitute for grass haylage in the feed ration.
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Zhodnocení vztahu kvantitativních a kvalitativních parametrů mléčné užitkovosti dojnic holštýnského plemene v konkrétním chovu
Poláčková, Pavlína
The aim of this bachelor’s study was to evaluate an effect between quantitative and qualitative parameters of milk efficiency. As a quantitative parameter was used milk yield. Observed properties from qualitative compounds were fat, protein, lactose, somatic cells and carbamide. To the problem was processed review of literature. Evaluation was realised in cooperative farm AGROS Vyškov-Dědice which deals with breeding of the Holstein breed with average efficiency 35 kg milk per day. Dates of milk efficiency were taken from the control efficiency and afterwards putted through analysis in MS Excel. It has been found that with rising milk yield was increase fat and also protein content which is not common in our farms and it is contrary to commonly stated literature or other authors. Reversely lactose had been evaluated rather indirect impact – the lactose content decreased with increasing milk yield. No correlation was found for somatic cells and carbamide with milk yield.
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Vliv vybraných parametrů chovatelského prostředí na tučnost mléka holštýnských dojnic
Stoklas, Josef
The aim of this thesis was to find out what effect the selected breeding parameters have on the milk fat content of dairy cows. The experiment took place troughout the whole year (from November 2018 to November 2019). Observations were conducted once a month. A total of 160 dairy cows were evaulated and all of them were in the stable with loose litter boxes. Dairy cows were compared at the top and at the end of lactation. The basic life manifestations frequencies of dairy cows were evaluated. These life manifestations did not change during the lactation in the monitored groups. As far as life manifestations are concerned then monitored dairy cows were mostly lying (from 60 %) regardless of the lactation stage. When they were lying down they preferred left side of the body, the difference was 0,5 %. Significant differences were found in milk components of the milk. Significant difference was also in fatness, dairy cows at the top of lactation had 3,86 % of fat and dairy cows at the end of lactation had 4,56 % of fat. The difference was also in the seperated feed. At peak lactation on the upper sieve remained just 4,6 % and at the end remained 18,1 % of feed.
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Stanovení kvalitativních parametrů dojeného mléka indikující zdravotní stav dojnic
PROKOP, Daniel
When only automatic systems are used for milking milk, it is essential to evaluate the quality of the milk, preferably in real-time, to maintain the high quality of the products and at the same time to detect health problems in the dairy cow in good time. By early detection of a dairy cow's health problem, which a change in milk quality can detect, it is also possible to reduce the cost of its treatment and eliminate financial losses du ring a period when we cannot monetize milk. To effectively evaluate the quality of milked milk, it is appropriate to monitor the following parameters: somatic cell count, conductivity, fat, protein, lactose, and urea content. The bachelor's thesis presents the levels of the quantities mentioned above, which indicate changes in the quality of milked milk, internal and external influences that affect them, as well as methods for their detection and evaluation
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Individual dynamic of urea in milk during lactation
BOUBLÍK, Tomáš
Experimental groups of 20 Holstein cows were observed in the course of 10 consecutive calendar months in order to describe the relationship between urea concentration in milk and milk production and milk production parameters. The calculated coefficients of the correlation showed that urea concentration in milk tended to have neutral relationship with milk fat content, milk yield and lactose content and negative relationship with milk protein content.
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