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The Table for Determination of Alimony - the Role and Efficiency in Judicial Practice
Dvořáková, Jitka ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Čermáková, Marie (referee)
Three years ago, the Ministry of Justice in the Czech Republic stated in judicial practice a recommending table whose intention was to unify the decision-making practice of courts in determining of alimony. The table should rectify a vague treatment of the maintenance obligations, guarantee a legal certainty for all participants and predictability of decisions. The alimony often covers only a part of all costs for a child under conditions that it is paid. The situation is even more problematic because the single-parent families with minors usually belong to the households which are mostly threatened by poverty. These families are most often headed by woman, who bears the brunt of caretaker and breadwinner roles. Their role is also influenced by the disadvantageous position at a labour market. The result of all these factors is usually a feminization of poverty and transmission of the standard of living from a mother to a child. My research interviews were focused on the fact if the table is used in practice. I evaluate its efficiency and represent modifications suggested by the courts. The analysis showed that not all courts use the table or use it at different levels. It is a consequence of reading of the word "recommending". This fact indicates a neglect of any need to use and a broader context...
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Media image of the single-mothers in selected mass media
Hlásek, Daniel ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Dobiášová, Karolína (referee)
The present thesis focuses on the image of single-mothers in the selected mass media - that is to say the most read Czech newspapers. The thesis pursues several theories and the concepts such as mass media and their role in setting the agenda for public policy, the stigmatization of lone-parent families (single-mothers), the theory of social construction of target groups (Schneider and Ingram), the topic of lone-parent families and poverty, the feminization of poverty, and concept of social exclusion. The main aim of the thesis is to determine the description of single-mothers in the selected mass media and to find the links, namely between this broadly adopted picture and public policy. Thus, the thesis contains the basic characterization of the situation of single-mothers based on various statistic data, the above mentioned theories and concepts, the presentation of the analyzed newspapers and a detailed description of the method used for the research. The chosen method in the present thesis is the quantitative content analysis. It is the most suitable way to analyze a large number of texts originating from a longer period - which is exactly the case of this study. The texts were selected based on pre-determined keywords. The results of the research are presented in charts and tables - both- in the...
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The development of public policies in relation to single mothers from 1989 to 2015 in the Czech Republic
Jeřábková, Anna ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Štěpánková Štýbrová, Martina (referee)
This paper is focused on the development of public policy in relation to single mothers from 1989 to 2015. Specifically, it focuses on the legislative documents, which are related directly to single mothers, which legislative documents are affecting them, how they deal with their situation and what benefits they bring to them. The paper also describes the evolution of these documents over time, specifically from 1989 to 2015. It concerns also the legislation which was accepted or cancelled and the whole background of these documents origin. The core of the empirical part is analysis of legislative documents affecting single mothers and their families and analysis of stenographic records of Parliament's meetings. The outlined development is explained in the context of theory of social constructions of target populations, depoliticization theory and path dependence theory. The aim of this paper is to find out how the situation of single mothers has developed since 1989 and whether it is improving or getting worse. The assumption is there has been a transformation since 1989, from socialist greater protection on the labor market and greater social support to extinction of single mothers as a specific target group of social policy.
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The Table for Determination of Alimony - the Role and Efficiency in Judicial Practice
Dvořáková, Jitka ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Čermáková, Marie (referee)
Three years ago, the Ministry of Justice in the Czech Republic stated in judicial practice a recommending table whose intention was to unify the decision-making practice of courts in determining of alimony. The table should rectify a vague treatment of the maintenance obligations, guarantee a legal certainty for all participants and predictability of decisions. The alimony often covers only a part of all costs for a child under conditions that it is paid. The situation is even more problematic because the single-parent families with minors usually belong to the households which are mostly threatened by poverty. These families are most often headed by woman, who bears the brunt of caretaker and breadwinner roles. Their role is also influenced by the disadvantageous position at a labour market. The result of all these factors is usually a feminization of poverty and transmission of the standard of living from a mother to a child. My research interviews were focused on the fact if the table is used in practice. I evaluate its efficiency and represent modifications suggested by the courts. The analysis showed that not all courts use the table or use it at different levels. It is a consequence of reading of the word "recommending". This fact indicates a neglect of any need to use and a broader context...
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