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Interpretation of the Interstate Commerce Clause by the U.S. Supreme Court
Musilová, Nikola ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to analyze the issue of one of the most significant congressional powers found in Article I., Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. Congressional power to regulate interstate commerce has been instrumental to the federal government's legislative efforts in many areas of law. This constitutional provision enabled the Congress to react to the changing conditions and new problems the country has been facing, especially in the area of working conditions, civil rights, criminal justice or even environmental law and many others. The expansion of power of the federal government, however, was not always greeted with enthusiasm, especially in the first three decades of the 20th century, before the Supreme Court began to read the commerce power much more broadly, to the point that it ceased to be a factual limitation of its powers. This trend was meant to be stopped by the New Federalism movement and the five new conservative justices who issued rulings that limited the scope of the Commerce Clause. However, this group of justices proved to be very inconsistent in its own approach toward this constitutional provision and eventually fell apart, which rendered Rehnquist's attempted constitutional revolution with respect to state's rights partly a failure. As the new Court membership under...
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Significance of visual informations and their interpretation for needs of subject analysis
Augustová, Veronika ; Kovaříková, Klára (advisor) ; Vodrážková, Katrin (referee)
Thesis focuses on the topic of visual informations, their interpretation and use in subject analysis. Work is structured in partial chapters, which are thematically linked to each other. First chapter is given to historical development of visual informations and visual culture. The second chapter is focused on field of interpretation, connotated and denotated messages and methods of interpretation. There is also analyzed question of existence of a single correct interpretation of visual informations. Next chapter deals with content analysis. In this chapter the emphasis is on objective and subjective information indexing and also on social tagging. In the last chapter are analyzed visual information in terms of fields here are these information used and in terms of media, which are used for expressing information. In this chapter is shown how to interpret visual information, to be understandable for their recipients [Author's abstract]
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