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Influence of ants on soil chemistry across biomes
Kostečka, Luboš ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Jílková, Veronika (referee)
Ants are important ecosystem engineers. Their activity has direct and indirect influence on soil chemistry inside their nest through processes such as bioturbation or accumulation of organic matter and its decomposition by the microbial community. These processes depend on environmental conditions such as soil properties and climate. However, there has not yet been a comparison of this influence on soil chemistry across different biomes. The aim of this thesis is therefore (1) describe the processes through which ants influence soil chemistry (2) summarize the resulting influence on soil properties such as the concentration of nutrients and the pH level in the ant nests and the surrounding soil (3) find out whether there is a common trend to these influences across biomes, or if every biome has its own specific trend. The findings of this thesis point to the conclusion that while there is a common trend across biomes, it heavily depends on conditions such as nest structure, feeding strategy of a particular species and the climatic conditions of the given ecosystem. Key words: ants, soil, soil chemistry, biomes, nests, bioturbation, feeding strategy, macronutrients, pH, environmental conditions, climate
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Bioturbation and its role in soil formation
Burešová, Andrea ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Tajovský, Karel (referee)
Bioturbation in degradated soils can improve colonization of habitat by plants and fauna, which positively influence soil properties and improve the soil regeneration. Bad conditions dominate in habitats where bioturbation activity inhibiting this colonization, and soil degradation can be increased and affect the soil erosion. The absence of soil bioturbators is noticeable from soil micromorfology. To compare with stands, where soil bioturbators are present, here we will not find any biostructures and mixing of soil profile is minimal. The result is, alter alia, low amount of soil organic matter leading to higher competition for nutrients among units. In this thesis the main factor influencing present of soil ecosystem engineers, in this case earthworms,is clima. Comparimg soil micromorfology of four habitats placed on climatic gradient from east to west of USA can be inferred, which role play soil bioturbators in first five centimetres of soil. Was determine how soil structure is affected by their activity during three successional phases and which factors influence thein presence or absence. In conclusion, differences between climatic conditions lead to different succession of ecosystem,mainly composition of different species in the community. It leads to variable soil structure characteristic...
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Rediscovery of Darwin
Poklopová, Linda ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Smrž, Jaroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on Charles Darwin's The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits and its impact on contemporary science. Descriptive parts and sections about morphology have been frequently mentioned in the literature, however, most often as a historical curiosity. Major immediate impact and lasting interest was sparked by thoughts about the behavior of earthworms. Ideas about mixing of soil by worms instigated the publication of scholarly papers analyzing the distribution of earthworms and the importance of soil mixing for archaeology. Ideas related to the impact of mixing on soil formation and its fertility received much less attention. Hypotheses about the impact of bioturbation on landscape level were largely ignored, only to be rediscovered and further explored at the end of the last century and the beginning of the current one.
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Bioturbation and its role in soil formation
Burešová, Andrea ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Tajovský, Karel (referee)
Bioturbation in degradated soils can improve colonization of habitat by plants and fauna, which positively influence soil properties and improve the soil regeneration. Bad conditions dominate in habitats where bioturbation activity inhibiting this colonization, and soil degradation can be increased and affect the soil erosion. The absence of soil bioturbators is noticeable from soil micromorfology. To compare with stands, where soil bioturbators are present, here we will not find any biostructures and mixing of soil profile is minimal. The result is, alter alia, low amount of soil organic matter leading to higher competition for nutrients among units. In this thesis the main factor influencing present of soil ecosystem engineers, in this case earthworms,is clima. Comparimg soil micromorfology of four habitats placed on climatic gradient from east to west of USA can be inferred, which role play soil bioturbators in first five centimetres of soil. Was determine how soil structure is affected by their activity during three successional phases and which factors influence thein presence or absence. In conclusion, differences between climatic conditions lead to different succession of ecosystem,mainly composition of different species in the community. It leads to variable soil structure characteristic...
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Rediscovery of Darwin
Poklopová, Linda ; Smrž, Jaroslav (referee) ; Frouz, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on Charles Darwin's The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits and its impact on contemporary science. Descriptive parts and sections about morphology have been frequently mentioned in the literature, however, most often as a historical curiosity. Major immediate impact and lasting interest was sparked by thoughts about the behavior of earthworms. Ideas about mixing of soil by worms instigated the publication of scholarly papers analyzing the distribution of earthworms and the importance of soil mixing for archaeology. Ideas related to the impact of mixing on soil formation and its fertility received much less attention. Hypotheses about the impact of bioturbation on landscape level were largely ignored, only to be rediscovered and further explored at the end of the last century and the beginning of the current one.
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Nest building activity and bioturbation of the ant \kur{ Lasius niger} (L.).
TŮMA, Jiří
The ant building activity of the nest represents an important phenomenon, influencing ambient environment. If we want to know, which factors are affecting this process, we will describe its details. This paper aims to detrmine the factors which influence nest building activity, by an experiment using the species of Lasius niger (L.) in the artifical formicaria.
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