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Determination and diagnostics of beta-hemolytics streptococcus in clinical microbiology
VOŘÍŠKOVÁ, Martina
The genus of Streptococcus includes gram-positive catalase of negative coccus, which rank into pairs and chains and their colonies are also sometimes very small in enriched soils. Most of species are selectively anaerobic. This genus includes a large number of species with different significance for people ´s disorders, and also the species significant for veterinary medicine. Beta-hemolytic or pyogenic Streptococci important in human medicine include first of all streptococci of A and B group. Streptococcus pyogenes (A group) is the cause of either localised purulent infections, or invasive and toxic diseases, and also late consequences of these infections. The carrying of beta-hemolytic streptococci of B group (Streptococcus agalactiae) is significant especially in pregnant women because it can threaten the mother and the newborn as well. They are the most important causers of newborn meningitis and sepsis. The aim of the thesis is to find out information of determination and detection methods concerning beta-hemolytic streptococci. It is necessary to devote our attention to each streptococcus and determine its type by cultivation, eventually by further supplementary methods. The main role in diagnostics is played by classical cultivation in common (blood agar) or special enriched soils. Each microbiological laboratory chooses its own laboratory procedures. The use of cultivation for capture of beta-hemolytic streptococci and determination of their types by PYR test (for the proof of A group streptococci) and latex agglutination (for confirmation of other groups) seem to be the most convenient. CAMP-test is still the most frequently used method for the proof of group B streptococci. For exclusion of later consequences the assessment of anti-streptolysin O (ASLO) or antideoxyribonuclasis B (ADNB) in serum are often used. All beta-hemolytic streptococci must be regarded as important pathogens namely in whatever locality, that is why the knowledge of basic and special laboratory methods which lead to identification of particular types of these streptococci is very important for clinical microbiology and the treatment of patients.
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On the Minimization of Specific Learning Problems in Elementary School Students
BAŤKOVÁ, Anna
This study addresses the problems of specific learning disorders in elementary school children. It attempts to elucidate individual types of disorders and their most common symptoms in children. Furthermore, the work describes well known theories of the causes of specific learning disorders, their diagnostics, and primary ways leading towards minimization and correction of disorders. The whole study is divided into four chapters. Individual chapters are based on the best known knowledge in the area of specific learning disorders. The first chapter explores the causes of disorders, i.e. the theories attempting to explain specific learning disorders from the viewpoints of genetics, brain disorders, faulty information processing, light mental dysfunctions and last but not least {--} the environmental effects. The next chapter classifies and explains individual diagnostic procedures and tests needed before establishing child{\crq}s diagnosis. The third chapter addresses individual specific learning disorders. It describes their definitions and main symptoms The last chapter is devoted to disorders minimization. There we introduce Individual Educational Plan as well as the exercises appropriate to individual disorders.
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Health education in relation to prevention cancer breast.
VÍTKOVÁ, Adéla
Health Education in relation to Breast Cancer Prevention was not a topic chosen coincidentally. The fact that I encountered this illness in my own family contributed to my decision. I read over and collect a lot of information. There is an inexhaustible amount of publications, references, associations, commercial and medial projects, though the breast cancer diagnosis is on the top position of mortality causes not only in the Czech Republic but worldwide. In the course of collecting all data I found out that there exists the only prevention - early diagnostics and screening, on which I focused in the second part of my thesis. Health Education is the ideal instrument for preventive education programme and its further promotion. That is why I hope that comprehensive elaboration of this topic will be used as a methodological source.
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Play of a child with ADHD
HRONOVÁ, Petra
Theoretical part characterizes a disorder called ADHD {--} the term ADHD itself, symptoms, reasons for origin, criterions for diagnosis assignment. In the next theoretical section there is a game compiled, its asset for a growth of child´s personality, especially spontaneous play, typical for pre-school aged children, using the play for diagnostics. The practical part presents a survey, where observation was used as a method. Five pre-school children with symptoms of ADHD disorder were observed and their way of play is more developed. There was an intention to watch whether the disorder itself displays in children´s play and how much the play is influenced by this disorder. In conclusion there are given some possibilities which could help to have more succesful and smooth way of work with these children.
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MAJOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DISEASES AND POSSIBILITIES OF RESTRICTION ITS MALFEASANCE AND CONSEQUENTIAL SPREAD IN POPULATION
VAŇOVÁ, Naďa
In history there are cases of epidemics, which often reduced the human population more than war conflicts ever did. A typical example is the Spanish flu epidemic during the 1st World War. It is generally known that a large portion of our population lacks sufficient knowledge on the very dangerous diseases, which can be misused by bioterrorists. People underestimate the threat and often they don?t even have any idea how to protect themselves against biological agents or what to do in the event of a possible attack. I have chosen this issue as the topic of my diploma work as I consider the current situation of the inhabitant?s awareness of this issue as unsatisfactory. The objective of my work is to define epidemiologically serious diseases, which are suitable for misuse within the bioterrorists? actions, to focus on their diagnostics, treatment and prevention. On the basis of studying expert literature and consultations I have proposed preventative measures and instructions what to do in the event of a possible risk of attack by biological warfare agents and subsequently I created two types of information leaflets for the wide public. At the same time I handed over these two information leaflets for an expert assessment to a legal office to make sure that they do not fulfil the state of facts of a criminal offence of spreading a haux. The result is an opinion that the leaflet with general information may be used to increase peoples' awareness on the preventative protection against the possible risk of attack or misuse of biological agents. The second leaflet with the detailed information may only be used for the purpose of this diploma work, or possibly for training purposes of cooperation of the Integrated Emergency Services and the inhabitants in the given area.
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MARKETING ANALYSIS OF THE COMPANY
KUBÍK, Ondřej
The aim of this dissertation was firstly to review and analyze an effectiveness of a current marketing strategy within the selected company FCD s.r.o. in Kosmonosy by Mladá Boleslav and secondly to try to find and suggest an own solution in order to improve the marketing area. The company runs a business in very specific area of car diagnostic consulting. In the first part of this work you can find an analyses of the current stage of marketing activities. The company which entered the market in 2005 has already gained the respect of many respected authorities for its quality and wide range of provided services. The strenghts of the company are by my opinion primarily in very good functioning, interesting vision and clever strategy of the company. Very good example of all this is functioning of the FCD s.r.o.` s portal which is by my personal view perfectly timed. On the other hand I find the level of the marketing activities (and marketing functioning at all) as very unsatisfying, mostly due to a lack of marketing planning. It is also quite obvious that the company has very big reserves in marketing research and uses a wrong horizontal communication within the company. As far as a second part of the project is concerned there has been suggested an own alternative way of handling the marketing activities. There have been suggested some changes in following areas: 1. It is an absolute necessity to elaborate a marketing plan of the company 2. It is necessary to name a person who will be in charge of the marketing activities of the company 3. To improve marketing information system (starting from more effective data collection) 4. To improve horizontal communication within the company 5. To improve company{\crq} s Intranet and it{\crq} s usage by individual employees in order to expand an awareness of marketing and marketing activities across the whole company
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Methods of Visualization for Diagnostic Aneurysmats Abdominal Aorta
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Eva
Abstract Methods of Visualization for Diagnostic Aneurysmats Abdominal Aorta The subject of my work is to define frequency of individual methods of vizualization which are used to diagnostic aneurysmats abdominal aorta. The work contains also a research which enabled me to get a view of the role of radiographics at work. The questionnaire which should have found out the role of radiographics during CT and MR angiography, the instrumentaion of the individual working places and some technical parameters passed through at first. The obtained data were worked up two ways and the questionnaire was analysed. The second part of my work was to define the frequency of single methods of vizualization for a certain collection of patients. With the help of data, which were obtained from the system PACS in Nemocnice Na Homolce, the frequency of examinations with ultrasound, angiography, CT and MR angiography was defined. The definition of the radiation loading, which the patients from the collection during CT angiography were screened, followed. I also dealt with the estimate of the radiation loading of each patient during diagnostic angiography. Publications refering to this subject, the questionnaire, the data obtained from PACS and from the operation log of Nemocnice Na Homolce were the main sources to process the information. The method which is used the most frequently to diagnose aneurysmats abdominal aorta is CT angiography with the intravenous application of the contrast medium. Ultrasound is another significant method. It is clear from the questionnaire that responsibilities of radiographics are nearly the same at every working place. My work could be used as studying material for trainers.
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Development of grafomotoric skills of children in the special class established for health affected pupils and children in the normal class at elementary school.
KARLOVCOVÁ, Petra
Development of grafomotoric skills of children in the special class established for health affected pupils and children in the normal class at elementary school. Graphomotorics is the whole spectrum of psychomotorical activities which one does while writing. Professional recognition of graphomotorical defects which result from deviations in the evolution of fine motorics can be confirmed only by experienced specialists. Children with these defects must be regularly involved in fun activities such as manual works with various materials. Intensive repetition of motorics and graphomotorics lead to essential improvement of graphomotorical skills. Boys are approximately three times more affected by a specific learning defects than girls. All of the research is based on quantitative type of investigation. The foundations of research were obtained from questionnaire and anamneses of children and also from dialogue with the class teacher. The parents and teachers of 2nd and 3rd class of elementary school in the town of Vseruby were asked. Information about children from the specialized class was obtained in cooperation with an employee of Pedagogical & Psychological Institute. The observed set of children consisted of 24 children from 2nd and 21 children from 3rd class of an ordinary elementary school and also15 children from 2nd and 10 children from 3rd specialized class for affected pupils. The main objective of the theoretical part of the research was to summarize the state of the art. The main objective of the practical part of the research was the comparison of graphomotorical behavior of children attending ordinary and specialized classes. Two hypothesis were set up at the beginning of research. The results the of research were compared to these hypotheses and summarized in the conclusion.
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Risks diagnosing partial Dysfunkctions in the Diagnostic of Childrens
KLUBALOVÁ, Ivana
This work is concerned in Specific Learning Disabilities (Special Education Needs), especially Risks diagnosing partial Dysfunkctions in the Diagnostic of Childrens, experiences and diagnostic possibilities in nursery school. The theoretical part includes Specific Learning Disabilities terminology, the causes of the generation and prevention and diagnosis possibilities of Specific Learning Disabilities. The results of the research in 2 different nursery schools are contained in the practical part.
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