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United Nations
ZÁLUSKÝ, Jiří
This bachelor thesis is called The United Nations (UN). It is theoretical and it is divided into four parts. The first section contains basic information about main activities and organization structure of United Nations. The following second part is devoted to the objective action of UN. The third part is focused to the UNPROFOR mission and the situation in the former Yugoslavia. The last section is dedicated to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and punishment of the crime. The aims of this work are to map the activity of the United Nations and its global effect; and to focus on peacekeeping missions, particularly in the UNPROFOR mission in the former Yugoslavia in the first half of the 90s of the 20th century. The main theme of this thesis is to provide information of the UN action in the conflict and to determine at what stage in the prosecution of crimes in the former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Tribunal for crimes in Yugoslavia. The United Nations was founded after World War 2; it is not a world government and does not create laws. Its activities are mainly focused on the of international peacekeeping and peacemaking. The UN send units called "Blue helmets" to critical areas to prevent the conflicts. There has been the greatest human tragedy since World War 2 on the European continent in the first half of the 90s of the 20th century, the war, genocide and concentration camps again appeared in Europe. In this conflict, the peacekeepers of the United Nations operated. Neither the situation in the Balkans nor the whole mission of peacekeepers in the former Yugoslavia was simple. Mission of UNPROFOR (United Nations Protection Forces), was established in 1991. The most important acts included the providing and distribution of humanitarian aid, security of dozens control and layoof stations (check-point),and organizing mobile and working teams. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, called ICTY was established during the Yugoslav wars, for reasons of committing crimes, genocide,concentration camps and human rights violations. To the present, the Tribunal indicted 161 persons, half of all defendants has released voluntarily.
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Human Rights in China´s African Policy
Fiala, Petr ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the importance of human rights issues in China's foreign policy in Africe. Its aim is to assess the importance of this issue in relations between China and Africa, and the perspective of changes of its importance in the further development of these relations. The thesis examines, how the Chinese stance on human rights is reflected in its foreign policy in Africa, and what impacts on their relations it has. In addition, it estimates how the further development influences Chinese approach to the issue of human rights. At first, the work analyzed the human rights issue and the International human rights regime. Then it studied the special African and Chinese stance on the issue of human rights. Further it analyzed Chinese foreign policy, and the projecting of the human rights issue into the foreign policy. Then the work analyzed the relations between China and Africa, and the significance of human rights issue in it. Finally, the thesis deals with the changing of the Chinese approach to human rights in Africa.
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Peace operations as an instrument of conflict resolution: United Nations Assistence Mission for Rwanda
Nevolová, Markéta ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
The Bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of deploying peace troops within the realm of conflict resolution in international relations. It primarily focuses on activities of UN which is considered to be the most important global organization ensuring maintenance of the world peace. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The objective of the first chapter is to describe to the reader an issue of conflicts in international relations. The second chapter pursues the particular possibilities of deployment of peace troops within conflicts defined in the first chapter. The most important part of the thesis is the third chapter, which analyzes the deployment of peace troops in practice, specifically the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR). Intervention of the UN in Rwanda is generally considered as one of the biggest failures of the UN in conflict resolution. The objective of the thesis is to find out the reasons for the failure of the peace operation in Rwanda using both the historical context and the UN responsible authorities' decisions analyses.
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The position and activities of the Czech Republic in the UN
Šlehoferová, Vanda ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matějka, Zdeněk (referee)
The theme of this work is "The position and activities of the Czech Republic in the UN." Within this theme, I focused on the UN's role in ensuring international peace and security and foreign policy of the Czech Republic in relation to this main task of the UN as an organization of collective security. I have chosen this topic, because this issue has always been, is and will be current, as to ensure the peaceful development of all countries is a major challenge for the entire international community. On this issue also meet all the discipline that deal with international relations as such. As the Theory of International Relations and International Law, trying to find solutions that would prevent the outbreak of another war. In this paper I analyze the Czech foreign policy at three levels of analysis, at the level of the international system, on state level and on level of national institutions. At the level of the international system I describe reality from the perspective of international intergovernmental organizations, in this case the United Nations, using sociological institutionalism. At the state level I will analyze the Czech foreign policy in terms of classical realism, since it is at this level of analysis still the strongest and most influential theory of international relations. At the level of national institutions I analyze the Czech foreign policy in terms of the bureaucratic model. The thesis has three main chapters, equal to the three levels of analysis. The first chapter is dedicated to two theories of international relations, namely structural realism and social institutionalism. The theories and their views on reality of world politics are important, because at this level of analysis, I am trying to define the theoretical assumptions for the UN's role as an international sovereign. The second chapter is devoted to foreign policy of the Czech Republic in relation to the UN as a system of collective security, which is the optimum solution for the maintain security of the Republic as a small state. This chapter also highlights the tradition and prestige, which enjoyed Czechoslovakia as a founding member of the UN. The third chapter analyzes the internal processes that precede the formation of Czech foreign policy. In this regard, I focus primarily on national institutions. The analysis at this level is to see how the creation of foreign policy is a complex process, which is also derived from those political parties that are just in power.
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International organizations and their development agenda: selected cases
Králová, Martina ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
The objective of this thesis is an analysis of development agenda of international ogranizations in general and in case study. In the first chapter, the causes and forms of today's uneven world development are discussed. Part of the first chapter also handles development aid effectiveness, which has become one of the most discussed topics in development agenda whatsoever. The second chapter deals with position of international organizations, in particular of United Nations, in global governance. The influence of UN on international development agenda and essential UN reform are mentioned. The last chapter analyzes approaches to development agenda and dealing with development issues within United Nations.
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United Nations and Rwandan genocide
Nousková, Michaela ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the question whether the UN is responsible for the failure of its obligation to prevent genocide in Rwanda in 1994. The first part gives a comprehensive overview of developments in relations between ethnic groups, sources of tensions and the contribution of the European colonists. The text also deals with the United Nations and international security and defines the concept of genocide in international legal terms. The last chapter describes the outbreak and course of genocide, the actions of Security Council and evaluates whether the UN could prevent these massacres, or at least mitigate their effects.
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The role of UNRWA in the Near East
Fajstavrová, Pavla ; Novotná, Yvona (advisor) ; Havlová, Radka (referee)
UNRWA (United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East) is an agency constituted by the United Nations. Its mission is to provide aid to Palestine refugees in the Near East, advocate for their needs and improve their life conditions. The main objective of this Bachelor project is to analyze UNRWA activities including its structure and funding, to characterize different approaches in all areas in question and most importantly to examine contribution of UNRWA in the region as well as its negative aspects. Furthermore, historical facts and reasons for Palestine refugee conflict are discussed. The hypothesis of this project is the following: UNRWA activities in the Near East have a positive effect on social and economical well-being of the Palestine refugees. Also a research question has been raised: Is UNRWA effective and contributes to the stability in the Near East?
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