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The Influence of Single Tax Rate on Efficiency and Equity
Kalašová, Hana ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Peková, Jitka (referee)
This thesis studies the problem of efficiency and equity in the area tax on personal income. The theoretical part describes the basic definitions related to this topic and the given problem. The practical part of the thesis analyses in details the single tax on personal income in terms of its influence and impact on efficiency and equity in comparison with progressive tax.
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Income inequality of men and women in the Czech Republic (Slovak Republic)
Weberová, Barbora ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
This degree work is focus on income inequality of men and women in the Czech Republic. The work is separated into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the importance is emphasized to equality, development of men's and women's equality and to regulations that include equality of men and women. More specified is also gender question and terms that are related. The practical part presents system of evaluation in the company and then it deals with progress of salaries and bonuses during years in the individual work position. Dates were got from specific company and then they were processed. Results are later comparing to dates of Czech statistical office.
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Analysis of the potential impact of the EU directive about 40% representation of women on supervisory boards on the labour market of the Czech republic.
Kvasnička, Jan ; Pavlíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Štípek, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis estimates the impact of the adoption of the EU's directive on 40% female representation in the supervisory boards of large listed companies on the labor market of the Czech republic. The main outcome is identificaion of the companies, which would be affected by the regulation. The theoretical part covers basic arguments of proponents and opponents of the measure. The practical part accurately examines the direcitve, compares it with the regulations adopted in other European countries and on the basis of this comparison outlines the effects that can be expected on the Czech labour market. Based on the analysis of the criteria matched with reality of Czech Republic it compiles a list of companies affected by the adoption of the directive. Processed data about the boards of these companies also provide current statistics on their current composition (from a gender and nationality perspective). The results suggest that, at least in the short term, the measures would not yield a significant improvement in gender equality in the Czech Republic.
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Principle of Social Justice and it´s Reflection among College Students
CHMEL, Matěj
The theme of the Bachelor thesis is The principles of the social justice and its reflection among the university students is a contribution to social justice, to one of the principles of the modern social politics. The social justice is a very complex notion and one of the conditions of the legitimacy of the government effecting the social politics of the state and its positive attitude to the principles of the social politics, which are accented by the society. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into 5 subheads. The first subhead of the theoretical part deals with the definition of the social justice. The second focus on the issues of equality in social justice. In the third subhead is deeper focus on social justice in the context of particular ideologies. The fourth describes social justice in the Czech Republic and the last deals with social justice in education. I chose qualitative research strategy using the method of substituting. As a data collecting technique I chose a semi-structured interview. The conception of the interview consisted of 20 questions, which correlated with the theoretical treatises and were adjusted so as to achieve the selected goal. With the help of the purposeful selection were chosen 10 communication partners, while 5 of them were students of economics field and 5 were students of specialization in helping profession. The main goal was to find out how the students interpret the principle of social justice in the context of social policy. This main goal was followed by 3 sub-goals. The first sub-goal has to find out how students interpret the principle of permission. The second sub-goal has to find out how students interpret the principle of equality of results. The last sub-goal was finding out what principles of social justice students prefer in educational policy. For the research were set 2 research questions. 1. What factors influence students in interpretation of social justice? 2. What is the relationship between studying university and interpretation of social justice? The results show that students most frequently emphasize the model solid bottom and open ceiling and principle of permission in context of heritage. Respondents in educational policy put most emphasis on the principle of equality of opportunity, which is from their perspective reinforced by the principle of equality of results, meritocratic principle and principle to each according to merit. Influence of studying field was evident especially in principle of equality of results, where communication partners studying study focused on helping profession interpreted this principle positively than communicating partners who are studying economic fields. This thesis could serve as a tool for students to understand the whole complexity of social justice and as basis for any discussion in the lectures and seminars connected to social policy. complexity of social justice and as basis for any discussion in the lectures and seminars connected to social policy.
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The issue of social justice in the contemporary system of public politicy of social security
SUCHÁNKOVÁ, Ilona
This paper analyzes the content of the concept of social justice involvement in the broader context of the application of the principles of state social policy applied in the field of social security of citizens. The first part is devoted to the major theories of justice of the last century and their analysis in terms of the evaluation criteria of two most prominent schools of thought, i.e. liberalism and communitarianism. The paper describes the difference of opinion on the formation of a just society with emphasis on the difficulty of choice associated with preferences of the basic ideas of liberalism and communitarianism. The conclusion contains argumentative attitudes related to a different interpretation of the concept of social justice in the context of the degree of implementation of the principles of solidarity, subsidiarity and market mechanism in the field of social policy. What has become desirable in today's society is a necessity for legislative changes, but chiefly changes in citizens' behaviour and access to their own lives.
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Social Aspects in the Work of Petr Chelčický and His Legacy for the Present
CINÁDROVÁ, Markéta
Petr Chelčický is one of the reformers from the first half of the 15th century. Little is known about him as a person. Of his 50 extant works, the most famous of which are O boji duchovním (About a Spiritual Fight), Replika proti Rokycanovi (A Repartee to Rokycana), Postila (Sermones) and Síť víry (A Net of Faith). The main topics of his treatises are a critique of the Catholic Church, an appeal against violence as a mode of action, and embracing non-violence. He often deals with dogmatic issues, i. e. Eucharist, purgatory, sacraments, the presence of an Anti-Christ, etc. Chelčický places an emphasis on the equality of all people, and therefore rejects the medieval model of society based on three classes of people. He felt that a society must be founded on love of one's neighbors and obedience to God through the examples set down by the apostles and the apostolic Church. Denying violence, he sets himself apart the Hussites. Chelčický's ideas of non-violence, human equality, truth, conscience, and suffering are still relevant in today's modern society.
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Discriminatory elements in labour-law relations
TAUSCHOVÁ, Petra
The topic of my bachelor thesis is discriminatory elements in labour-law relations. It briefly explains discrimination and equality and it also delimits law enactment of equality in international, European and Czech law. It also focuses on the particular forms of discrimination which are listed in a law and options of legal fighting against these forms of unequal treatment. The practical part deals with on chosen discriminatory reasons such as age, sex, health handicap, sexual orientation and human race. The most often victims of discrimination in employment become the older people, handicapped people and women as came out from the analysis of the ombudsman´s overall reports and asking at regional labor inspectorate. The last part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of public information which refers to differences between men and women in unemployment, work posts and salary evaluation.
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The Problem of Equality and Efficiency in the Implementation of Government Programmes
Benda, Vladislav ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Krbová, Jana (referee)
The goal of this work is to show particular conditions and problems according to Equality and Effecciency of Government Progammes and offer possibilities how to solve them, improve them or alternatives to those problems on particular examples. Theoretical part of this work is at first about the role of Public Sector in the National Economy, reasons why is this sector involved in some parts of economy, especially in Healthcare Services. This part is followed by concepts of Efficiency evaluation of particular Government Programmes and theoretical concepts about Equality. Practical part is then aimed on Regulative charges introduced in the Healthcare Services in the Czech Republic.
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Ethical Aspects of the Antidiscrimination Law
TOMÁŠKOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis is focused on the anti-discrimination law and its social reason. It is itself divided into seven parts and devoted to definition of the essential political and philosophical terms as the equality, fairness, freedom, also human rights, the discrimination mechanism, the relation between the morality and the law. The chapters describe component terms which were evolving in a different historical context. The attention turns to the European and Czech anti-discrimination judicature and to the analysis of the discrimination as a term as well. The mechanism of discrimination comes after to more comprehensive view why people make differents and for lawmaker´s right attitude to discrimination. The final part of the thesis is a chapter about the fairness to answer questions about how much the law norm can interfere in individual freedom and about the relation between the law and the morality.
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The Feminism as the Base of Equal Opportunities of Women and Men
HOMOLKOVÁ, Lenka
This work is about women{\crq}s role in society. First part of the work focuses on history of feminism and present trends of this ideology. Second part is about gender stereotypes which we can commonly meet with in family and society. The next chapter is relating to equal opportunities of women and men in different spheres of our lives. The last chapter contains possible solutions of this problem and is describing institutional securing of equal opportunities.
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