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Deep-learning-based pattern detection in medical images
Koščová, Zuzana ; Vičar, Tomáš (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis deals with Deep-learning-based pattern detection in medical images. For better understanding of a subject artificial neural network and convolutional neural network (CNN) are described at first. Next chapter is focused on specific detection methods which use CNN. Within a bachelor thesis a dataset of abdominal CT a MRI scans was created. Faster R-CNN and YOLO algorithms were trained and tested on acquired scans for liver detection. Implementation of chosen methods took place in Python programming language using the Pytorch library. Finally, detection results and possible use in medicine are discussed.
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Precise segmentation of image data
Svoboda, Jan ; Marcoň, Petr (referee) ; Mikulka, Jan (advisor)
The concern of this thesis is a development of an extension module for 3D Slicer platform. The core of the module is an implementation of a Support Vector Machines classifier, which is used for segmentation of the vertebral column image data provided by the University Hospital Brno. One of the goals of the thesis was resampling and registration of these image sequences. CT volumes provided solid contrast and were used as a reference for gaining properly segmented groups of vertebrae. Due to the low quality of the MRI volumes image data, segmentation of MRI images was not completely succesful. The extension module scripted in Python language can be seen as a tool and can be used in the future for different datasets.
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Detection of intracranial hemorrhages in head CT data
Nemček, Jakub ; Jan, Jiří (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
This thesis deals with the detection of intracranial haemorrhages and their type classification in head CT images. The method of haemorrhages detection is based on a series of classifiers of the presence and type of haemorrhages in 2D CT slices in axial, sagittal and coronal plane, that may localise the bleedings and determine their types. The classifiers are based on the convolutional neural network architecture Inception-ResNet-v2. The head CT dataset CQ500 which is made available for public access, is used for the experiments. The thesis describes an additional manual annotation of the data, as the available annotations are insufficient for the purposes of the experiments. This thesis includes a theoretical basis of the essential medical knowledge, machine learning based classification and detection methods, and the detection algorithm proposal, realisation and testing. The algorithm performance is evaluated and discussed together with the potential implementation of the algorithm in computer-aided diagnosis systems.
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Automatic rotational alignment of head CT scans
Karmazinová, Inna ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is automatic alignment of head CT scan. Currently, the alignment is performed manually by an expert, however this process is time consuming. Therefore, methods for automatization of this process are being developed. Two algorithms for alignment in axial and coronal plane were designed based on bilateral symmetry of head. Following an algorithm for alignment in sagittal plane which uses CG-TOB reference line for rotation angle detection. Algorithms were implemented in MATLAB and tested and validated using a database of manually annotated head CT scans.
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Interactive Medical Image Segmentation
Olša, Martin ; Kršek, Přemysl (referee) ; Španěl, Michal (advisor)
This work deals with a fast level-set approach for segmentation of anatomical structures in volumetric medical images. The fast level-set method evolves a closed 3D surface in time propagating the surface form an initial position. The major contribution of this work is the implementation of the level-set method and construction of an interactive tool for segmentation of 3D medical data using this method. The tool is able to interactively change parameters of the evolution during the segmentation process itself. Due to the nature of level-set method, the evolution process can be stopped at any time, or backtracked and restarted from any previous step with a different configuration.
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The Value of FDG PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Inflammation.
Zogala, David ; Kubinyi, Jozef (advisor) ; Karetová, Debora (referee) ; Řehák, Zdeněk (referee)
1 Abstract Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of FDG PET/CT in the detection of stent graft infection (SGI) with the use of visual and semiquantitative interpretation, to compare it with standalone CT analysis, to verify the transferability of the experience with FDG PET/CT in surgical prosthesis infection and to define the role of the method in the diagnostic algorithm of SGI. Subjects and Methods: In this retrospective study, two nuclear medicine physicians have independently analyzed 21 FDG PET/CT examinations performed in 20 subjects (16 men, 66 ± 8 years) between 2010 and 2019 for clinical suspicion of SGI. Six subjects examined from other reasons without signs of infection constituted a control group. The images were evaluated for the uptake pattern and intensity, and by the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), the target-to-background ratio with blood pool (TBRBP) and liver uptake (TBRhep) as a reference. The SGI was defined as the presence of focal hyperactivity with an intensity exceeding hepatic uptake. CT images were independently assessed for signs of SGI. Clinical review of all further patients' data served as the standard of reference. Results: Twelve cases were established as SGI by the clinical review. PET/CT correctly diagnosed SGI in eight and yielded a sensitivity of 92 % and...
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Perception of radiation burden and of examination in patients undergoing computed tomography.
Lambertová, Alena ; Harsa, Pavel (advisor) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee) ; Křivánek, Jiří (referee)
Purpose: The aim of the first part of this work was to evaluate the trend of the number of head CT examinations in patients with minor head injury in emergency service and to find out whether it has objective causes. The aim of the second part was to assess patients' knowledge regarding the CT examination, its risks, the source of their information and to evaluate the effect of providing information about the CT examination in a printed form. Method: In the first part of the work, we extracted data from the radiological module of the hospital information system. We searched for head CT scans in patients with minor head injury and their input characteristics and findings on CT. Further data were obtained from the hospital, the Institute of Health Information and Statistics and the Czech Statistical Office. Trends of regression curves were compared by F-test, correlation of trends was expressed using Spearman's coefficient. The second part of the work was based on a questionnaire for patients scheduled for CT scan of the body. The questionnaire included demographic data as well as items assessing patients' awareness of the risks of radiation exposure, intravenous contrast media, their sources of information and their fear of the examination. On the second page, Zung's Anxiety Scale was printed. On...
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Analysis of the use of 3D slicer SW for computational modeling in biomechanics
Kratochvílová, Hana ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Vosynek, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with a freeware program called 3D Slicer and its usefulness in the area of biomechanics. The introduction part describes the scope of the program and its functions. The next chapter shows a step-by-step modelling of a bone geometry using CT images and a comparison of geometries of bones created with different grayscale level using a program Gom Inspect. The last part focuses on importing geometries created in 3D Slicer, specifically femur and pelvis, into FEM platform ANSYS Workbench for preprocessing and defining femur’s stress and deformation characteristics.
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Living History on The Czech Television: Holiday in the Olden Days
Halva, Tomáš ; Kruml, Milan (advisor) ; Růžička, Daniel (referee)
The living history TV shows (in some cases also referred to as historical reality TV shows) are one of the contemporary trends in the creation of the reality TV genre. The purpose of such programs is to display a certain historical period in a fun and light-hearted form on television. Since they are programs included in the reality TV genre, their aim is also to capture the authentic reactions of those who perform in such programs. With this narrative style, the audience can see how the 21st-century man adapts to the period and how he behaves when confronted with certain historical moments. This kind of program is very popular in foreign media. Two shows created by Czech Television appeared on Czech TV screens. This is a series of Holidays in the Old Times - contains Holidays in the Protectorate and Holidays in the Era of Steam.
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