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Passive microrheology of colloidal systems based on biopolymers.
Bjalončíková, Petra ; Burgert, Ladislav (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
Diploma thesis was aimed to deal with evaluation of microrheology method in the research of biopolymer-protein. Used biopolymer was sodium hyaluronate and proteins were trypsin and chymotrypsin. For measuring of microrheology were used particles with different radius (0,5 m and 1 m). It was found, that both substances have viscous charakter. Passive microrheology is suitable for measuring the viscoelastic properties of biopolymers.
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Viscoelasticity of polymer glasses
Ondreáš, František ; Kučera,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jančář, Josef (advisor)
This work focuses on polymer glasses relaxation behavior. Polymethylmethacrylate was chosen as a typical representative of polymer glasses. Relaxation processes were studied by dynamical mechanical spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry was used as a supplemental analysis. Relaxation process above Tg and high values of rubberlike plateau modulus were observed in thermomechanical spectra. High temperature relaxation transition was studied from the perspective of thermal history, frequency and axial stress dependence and influence of molecular structure was also investigated. Apparent activation energies of studied processes and their axial stress dependence for polymethylmethacrylate were determined. On the basis of obtained data, a hypothesis was developed which connects high temperature relaxation process with molecular process responsible for strain hardening.
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Effect of metal ions on the rheological behaviour of polyelectrolyte solutions
Lišková, Kateřina ; Běťák, Jiří (referee) ; Janeček, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on two parts. The first one deals with rheological behavior of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) solutions in the presence of sodium and calcium ions. The solutions of various concentrations were prepared by solubilization in aqueous solutions of NaCl or CaCl2. The effect of monovalent and bivalent ions on apparent viscosity and viscoelastic properties of these solutions was studied. It was found that in the case of low concentrations of CMC-Na in the sample (up to 0.5% w/w) the elastic character increases. At the same time the stiffness of the sample is higher with higher concentration of calcium ion in the solution. This increase might indicate the formation of gel network. On the other hand the viscosity of these solutions decreases with higher concentration of calcium ions. In case of solutions with concentration higher than 1.5% w/w changes of viscosity did not happen by influence of addition ions. Rheological behavior was compared also with solutions prepared without adding an electrolyte as well as with acid form of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-H). In terms of second part the molecular dynamic simulations of hyaluronan tetramer both sodium and calcium in aqueous medium were performed. Structure and arrangement of water molecules in the surrounding of hyaluronan chain were studied. Structure was described by formalism of radial distribution functions. In the case of system containing sodium ions only, the obtained results are in accordance with earlier published data. Presence of calcium ions does not cause qualitative changes during the radial distribution functions in comparison with the system with sodium ions.
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Influence of strain rate on stress-strain dependencies of aortic tissues
Slažanský, Martin ; Fuis, Vladimír (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis deals with the influence of strain rate on stress-strain dependencies of aortic tissues to estimate the error of hyperelastic models, which are neglecting the viscoelastic effects that are typical for soft biological tissues. It was found by the experiment and the subsequent evaluation that in the range of the strain rate from 0,167 to 5,000 mm/s the influence of strain rate on stress-strain dependencies is negligible. The deviation by transition from experimental data to a constitutive model was significantly larger than the deviation between the data sets varying at different strain rates, which means that the use of stress-strain curves varying at different strain rates in given range of the strain rate has no effect on the resulting model. The best of analysis models that were examined in this thesis appears to be the Yeoh hyperelastic model using the FEM.
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Microrheology in systems of polymeric colloids
Bjalončíková, Petra ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Venerová, Tereza (advisor)
My bachelor’s thesis was aimed to deal with evaluation of microrheology method in the research of polymer colloids. Used polymers were poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and sodium carboxymethyl celullose. For measuring of microrheology were used particles with different radius (1 m and 4 m). The results obtained with passive microrheology were compared with results obtained with clasical rheology. It was found, that both substances have viscous charakter. The values of polymer viscosity were similar for dilute solutions in both methods, but for concentrated solutions deviations were found. The reason are polymer nets, which do not allow sufficient movement of particles in concentrated solutions.
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A Split Hopkinson Bar Method for Testing Materials with Low Characteristic Impedance
Buchar, J. ; Řídký, R. ; Drdlová, M. ; Trnka, Jan
A split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique has been developed to study dynamic behaviour of materials having low characteristic impedance. To enable better matching of characteristic impedance with a specimen, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bar is used as the output bar. The viscoelastic properties of PMMA are determined in advance through preliminary experiments. In the present SHPB method, the wave analysis of the stress pulses is executed in the frequency domain. Transmitted pulses on the PMMA output bar resulting from a SHPB test are resolved into frequency components by the Fourier transform, and are corrected to be the waveforms at the specimen-bar interfaces. The corrected waveforms have been used for the evaluation of experimental results on the stress pulse transmission and reflection at the interface between elastic (Aluminium) and viscoelastic bars.
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In-vivo Mapping of Human Skin Anisotropy Using Multi-directional Ultrasonic Probe
Tokar, Daniel ; Hradilová, Jana ; Převorovský, Zdeněk
In this paper, investigation of anisotropic behavior of forearm and back skin tissue is presented. Knowledge in this research field is of great interest mainly in dermatology, plastic surgery and regenerative therapies. Anisotropy characteristics of the skin are determined by ultrasonic wave propagation velocity using special multi-directional flexible ultrasonic probe, which enables local investigation of skin anisotropy in vivo. Assessing data, obtained from local measurements of human back, enables visualization of anisotropy map of the back skin tissue. Findings in current state of human skin anisotropy using the multi-directional ultrasonic probe provide an easy method to evaluate the local anisotropy of inter-individual skin tissue.
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Rheology of high viscous food substances
Štern, Petr ; Vlasák, Pavel
Rheological properties of high viscous food substances, mainly of animal origin, greatly influenced their preparation, homogenization and processing. By collagen substances were studied the complex of rheological properties by their processing. We have determined, that the viscoelasticity have the bigger influence that dynamic viscosity.
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Mechanical Properties of Rheonomic Materials
Minster, Jiří
There are introduced with consideration for engineering applications, constitutive equations small and moderate deformation behaviour of both non-ageing and ageing rheonomic materials, basic methods for identification of their mechanical characteristics and possibilities of an ultimate behaviour assessment.
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