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The role of government in market economy in the time of financial crisis
Šátek, Lukáš ; Krč, Jakub (advisor) ; Jelínek, Tomáš (referee)
The government plays an important role in the market economy. In times of economic depression is essential to take the necessary steps to stop the crisis. Governments have two types of tools which they can use to recover the national economic collapse. They can use monetary or fiscal policy. Monetary policy is in the hands of national central bank. The fiscal policy allows the government to increase its spending.
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MONETARY STRATEGY EVOLUTION OF ČNB FROM 1993
Vrána, Martin ; Zeman, Karel (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The given topic I have chosen is for the reason the CNB form its' existence in 1993 has gone through a lot of changes and as the central bank of the Republic, has with its' monetary policies strongly influenced the economy of our country. In the theoretical part of my bachelor's work I have described the common characteristics of the central bank, the reasons and the functions. I have characterized the implementations, functions and the objectives of the central bank. In the next step I will introduce the functions and the influence of central banking and will compare the opinions of various economic schools on the standing of the bank in the economy. Following this I will describe the historical evolution of the central bank and the overall banking systems of our country. The analytical section will be dedicated to the classification and analysis of the monetary strategy of the CNB from its' beginning up to the present day with particular emphasis the individual periods which have recorded the greatest changes in central banking. The largest part of this section is dedicated to in depth explanation o the monetary policies of the CNB. This is followed by my description of the monetary policy after entering the European Union and how it is related to the case of admittance to the European Monetary Union. Primary objectives of this bachelor work is the analysis of the evolution and interpretation of the most considerable changes in central banking and especially monetary policy of Czech National Bank from beginning of her existence.
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Macroeconomic aspects of dollarization
Kolář, Ladislav ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Černá, Iveta (referee)
The dissertation deals mainly with explanation of the term "de jure dollarization" and confronts the dollarization regime with others. The core of the whole dissertation is to outline the factors which indicate fulfillment of dollarization and the positives or negatives that it brings. It slightly refers to the regional monetary integration in several regions and discovers mutual aspects with the dollarization.
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Price Deflation
Thorovský, Jan ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Mládek, Josef (referee)
The thesis deals with a monetary phenomenon of price deflation. In modern monetary theories, causes are sometimes confused with consequences. As to price deflation, consequences of causes of this phenomenon are often attributed to it while it is not a cause but a mere consequence. That's why we have identified causes of price deflation and their true consequences in the thesis. According to quantity theory of money, there are three main sources of price deflation as follows: decline in money supply, decline in velocity of circulation of money, and productivity growth. These causes are analyzed in detail, each of them in a single chapter. Price deflation is often associated with depressions while in some cases it might be a mere consequence of depression, not a cause. On the other hand, price deflation might also be a consequence of productivity growth (unless accommodated by increase in money supply) which makes it perfectly compatible with a healthy and growing economy.
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Central Bank of Armenia
Gevorgyan, Kristine ; Čermáková, Daniela (advisor)
The thesis of the Armenian Central Bank deals with a summary of how the central banks operate in general and especially focuses on system functioning in Armenian Central Bank. The thesis starts with a theoretical interpretation of the characteristics of central banking functions and central banks. A substantial part of my work is about Armenian Central Bank. It focuses on the history of the Armenian Central Bank since the beginning of the 1920s to the present. There is monitoring of the development of the bank within one century, when the economy changed from centrally planned to market oriented and thus changed the central banking system and functions of the Armenian banking system. Following the history of the Armenian financial system, in this thesis I go into depth of the system of the Central Bank of Armenia with its all positives and negatives. Furthermore I engage in monetary policy, which is concentrated mainly on cooperation between the central bank and commercial banks, and the activities between these institutions. Last but not least part is about coordination of monetary and fiscal policies. As far as foreign relations in the banking areas are concerned, in the next chapters I explain the foreign exchange policy conducted by central banks, and management of international reserves. In conclusion, the main part of my work deals with the national currency of Armenia and its historical evolution to the current period. The conclusuion of my work summarizes all the knowledge that I gained in the course of my study, from literary resources and personal experience. I refer to all these aspects in this thesis of mine. In this part the thesis stresses the importance of central banks in the national and multinational area and its integration into the international trust. It depicts the achivements and areas that need to be improved over the period of the Armenian Central Bank existence.
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Inflation targeting policy - the experience of Czech Republic
Stoklásková, Martina ; Kuncl, Martin (advisor)
This bachleor thesis deals with the subject of inflation targeting and the experience of using this system in the Czech Republic. First part considers monetary policy in general, its instruments and targets. Following part of the thesis focuses on the principal functions of the inflation targeting system, its basic mechanism and target fixing. The major part is devoted to the situation in the Czech Republic, esencial preconditions for implementation of the system, the method of forecasting, target fixing and reaction of the central bank.
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Indebtedness of households-causes, impacts, comparison
Suchánková, Martina ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Rybáček, Václav (referee)
The thesis will deal with reasons that lead to households becoming in debt on one hand, and on the other hand, the impacts that are caused by this process. Households are the biggest economic subject that create savings. They are also the second biggest debtor of the financial sector. From this point of view, there is an important role for the banks and financial institutions that offer households many kinds of credit products. The role of the central bank and its monetary policy and supervision are also important. In the theoretical part of the thesis some approaches of various economists will be described and monetary policy and defined economic subjects will be explained . In the second part of the thesis, ways that can run people into debt and the evolution of interest rates will be analysed. Focus will be also put on innovation that has arisen in financial markets, that have made credit expansion possible, mainly securitisation. After that an analysis of negative and positive macroeconomic impacts will follow, which are brought on by excessive financing of consumption and housing. The thesis will finish with a comparison of the households' debt in the Czech Republic and in other developed countries.
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The economic progress in USA after a year 2000
Trachtová, Anna ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
My thesis is reflecting the economic progress in USA after a year 2000. The first part of my thesis is describing the most important topics in the economic program of G.W. Bush. The next part of my work is analyzing the decision of G.W. Bush as a president and how they are reflected the economic program. This part is divided in three chapters: taxes, military expenditures and monetary policy. At the end of my thesis I compare and evaluate the economic program and the real decision of the George W. Bush. I also describe influence these decision on the economic of USA.
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The Monetary policy of The Federal Reserve System to 1929
Pariľáková, Jana ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Jeřábková, Zdenka (referee)
This diploma thesis is trying to analyze the monetary policy of The Federal Reserve System in context of the economic process in the period 1913 -- 1929 and its reverse influence on the economy of The United States. In an effort to expose incompetence of the central control of money stock it brings more complex view including preceding development from the end of 18 century, trough the foundation The Federal Reserve System in the year 1913, the period of the world war I., trough era of prosperity of the twenties to the beginning of The Great Depression. In the theoretical part it brings monetary centralism face to face with liberalism of the Austrian school. Theoretical ground is based on the Austrian theory of business cycle which considers the reasons of economic fluctuation to be inflationary character of the commercial banking system at the head of central bank.
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